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Enlarged Perivascular Spaces
Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Abbreviations

            • Perivascular spaces (PVSs)
            • Interstitial fluid (ISF)
          • Synonyms

            • Virchow-Robin spaces
          • Definitions

            • Pial-lined, ISF-filled structures
              • Accompany penetrating arteries, draining veins

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Angiographic Findings

                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Bouvy WH et al: Microbleeds colocalize with enlarged juxtacortical perivascular spaces in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease: A 7 Tesla MRI study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 40(4):739-46, 2020
                                          2. Du H et al: Association between steno-occlusive middle cerebral artery and basal ganglia perivascular spaces. Front Neurol. 11:293, 2020
                                          3. Mestre H et al: Cerebrospinal fluid influx drives acute ischemic tissue swelling. Science. 367(6483), 2020
                                          4. Shen M et al: Association between enlarged perivascular spaces and internal carotid artery stenosis: A study in patients diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 29(4):104635, 2020
                                          5. Troili F et al: Perivascular unit: This must be the place. The anatomical crossroad between the immune, vascular and nervous system. Front Neuroanat. 14:17, 2020
                                          6. Kwee RM et al: Tumefactive Virchow-Robin spaces. Eur J Radiol. 111:21-33, 2019
                                          7. Smeijer D et al: Enlarged perivascular spaces and dementia: A systematic review. J Alzheimers Dis. 72(1):247-56, 2019
                                          8. Al Abdulsalam H et al: Giant tumefactive perivascular spaces: A case report and literature review. World Neurosurg. 112:201-4, 2018
                                          9. Hilal S et al: Enlarged perivascular spaces and cognition: A meta-analysis of 5 population-based studies. Neurology. 91(9):e832-42, 2018
                                          10. Niazi M et al: Quantitative MRI of perivascular spaces at 3T for early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 39(9):1622-8, 2018
                                          11. Rudie JD et al: Neuroimaging of dilated perivascular spaces: from benign and pathologic causes to mimics. J Neuroimaging. 28(2):139-49, 2018
                                          12. Saylisoy S et al: Is there a connection between perivascular space and subarachnoid space? J Comput Assist Tomogr. 38(1):33-5, 2014
                                          13. Salzman KL et al: Giant tumefactive perivascular spaces. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 26(2):298-305, 2005
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Abbreviations

                                                    • Perivascular spaces (PVSs)
                                                    • Interstitial fluid (ISF)
                                                  • Synonyms

                                                    • Virchow-Robin spaces
                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Pial-lined, ISF-filled structures
                                                      • Accompany penetrating arteries, draining veins

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Angiographic Findings

                                                          • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                            • Imaging Recommendations

                                                              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                PATHOLOGY

                                                                • General Features

                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Bouvy WH et al: Microbleeds colocalize with enlarged juxtacortical perivascular spaces in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease: A 7 Tesla MRI study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 40(4):739-46, 2020
                                                                                  2. Du H et al: Association between steno-occlusive middle cerebral artery and basal ganglia perivascular spaces. Front Neurol. 11:293, 2020
                                                                                  3. Mestre H et al: Cerebrospinal fluid influx drives acute ischemic tissue swelling. Science. 367(6483), 2020
                                                                                  4. Shen M et al: Association between enlarged perivascular spaces and internal carotid artery stenosis: A study in patients diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 29(4):104635, 2020
                                                                                  5. Troili F et al: Perivascular unit: This must be the place. The anatomical crossroad between the immune, vascular and nervous system. Front Neuroanat. 14:17, 2020
                                                                                  6. Kwee RM et al: Tumefactive Virchow-Robin spaces. Eur J Radiol. 111:21-33, 2019
                                                                                  7. Smeijer D et al: Enlarged perivascular spaces and dementia: A systematic review. J Alzheimers Dis. 72(1):247-56, 2019
                                                                                  8. Al Abdulsalam H et al: Giant tumefactive perivascular spaces: A case report and literature review. World Neurosurg. 112:201-4, 2018
                                                                                  9. Hilal S et al: Enlarged perivascular spaces and cognition: A meta-analysis of 5 population-based studies. Neurology. 91(9):e832-42, 2018
                                                                                  10. Niazi M et al: Quantitative MRI of perivascular spaces at 3T for early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 39(9):1622-8, 2018
                                                                                  11. Rudie JD et al: Neuroimaging of dilated perivascular spaces: from benign and pathologic causes to mimics. J Neuroimaging. 28(2):139-49, 2018
                                                                                  12. Saylisoy S et al: Is there a connection between perivascular space and subarachnoid space? J Comput Assist Tomogr. 38(1):33-5, 2014
                                                                                  13. Salzman KL et al: Giant tumefactive perivascular spaces. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 26(2):298-305, 2005