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Enostosis (Bone Island)
Behrang Amini, MD, PhDB. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Diagnostic Checklist

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Synonyms

          • Bone island
        • Definitions

          • Benign focus of compact (cortical) bone located within cancellous bone (medullary cavity)

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • Imaging Recommendations

            • Radiographic Findings

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Consider

                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                      Selected References

                                      1. Azar A et al: CT attenuation values do not reliably distinguish benign sclerotic lesions from osteoblastic metastases in patients undergoing bone biopsy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(4):1022-30, 2021
                                      2. Elangovan SM et al: Accuracy of CT attenuation measurement for differentiating treated osteoblastic metastases from enostoses. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 210(3):615-20, 2018
                                      3. Ulano A eT al: Distinguishing untreated osteoblastic metastases from enostoses using CT attenuation measurements. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 207(2):362-8, 2016
                                      4. Dong Y et al: Differential diagnosis of osteoblastic metastases from bone islands in patients with lung cancer by single-source dual-energy CT: advantages of spectral CT imaging. Eur J Radiol. 84(5):901-7, 2015
                                      5. Gould CF et al: Bone tumor mimics: avoiding misdiagnosis. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 36(3):124-41, 2007
                                      6. Vanhoenacker FM et al: Sclerosing bone dysplasias: genetic and radioclinical features. Eur Radiol. 10(9):1423-33, 2000
                                      7. White LM et al: Osteoid-producing tumors of bone. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 4(1):25-43, 2000
                                      8. Murphey MD et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Primary tumors of the spine: radiologic pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 16(5):1131-58, 1996
                                      9. Greenspan A: Bone island (enostosis): current concept--a review. Skeletal Radiol. 24(2):111-5, 1995
                                      Related Anatomy
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                                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                      References
                                      Tables

                                      Tables

                                      KEY FACTS

                                      • Terminology

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Diagnostic Checklist

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Synonyms

                                              • Bone island
                                            • Definitions

                                              • Benign focus of compact (cortical) bone located within cancellous bone (medullary cavity)

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • Imaging Recommendations

                                                • Radiographic Findings

                                                  • CT Findings

                                                    • MR Findings

                                                      • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                          PATHOLOGY

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                              • Presentation

                                                                • Demographics

                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                      • Consider

                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                          Selected References

                                                                          1. Azar A et al: CT attenuation values do not reliably distinguish benign sclerotic lesions from osteoblastic metastases in patients undergoing bone biopsy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(4):1022-30, 2021
                                                                          2. Elangovan SM et al: Accuracy of CT attenuation measurement for differentiating treated osteoblastic metastases from enostoses. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 210(3):615-20, 2018
                                                                          3. Ulano A eT al: Distinguishing untreated osteoblastic metastases from enostoses using CT attenuation measurements. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 207(2):362-8, 2016
                                                                          4. Dong Y et al: Differential diagnosis of osteoblastic metastases from bone islands in patients with lung cancer by single-source dual-energy CT: advantages of spectral CT imaging. Eur J Radiol. 84(5):901-7, 2015
                                                                          5. Gould CF et al: Bone tumor mimics: avoiding misdiagnosis. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 36(3):124-41, 2007
                                                                          6. Vanhoenacker FM et al: Sclerosing bone dysplasias: genetic and radioclinical features. Eur Radiol. 10(9):1423-33, 2000
                                                                          7. White LM et al: Osteoid-producing tumors of bone. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 4(1):25-43, 2000
                                                                          8. Murphey MD et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Primary tumors of the spine: radiologic pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 16(5):1131-58, 1996
                                                                          9. Greenspan A: Bone island (enostosis): current concept--a review. Skeletal Radiol. 24(2):111-5, 1995