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Epiglottitis in Child
Bernadette L. Koch, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Synonyms

                • Supraglottitis
              • Definitions

                • Serious, life-threatening airway obstruction secondary to inflammation of epiglottis & surrounding tissues

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Almuzam S et al: Non-vaccine Haemophilus influenzae type a epiglottitis. J Paediatr Child Health. 57(7):1133-5, 2020
                                        2. Bozzella MJ et al: Epiglottitis associated with intermittent E-cigarette use: the vagaries of vaping toxicity. Pediatrics. 145(3), 2020
                                        3. Fondaw A et al: COVID-19 infection presenting with acute epiglottitis. J Surg Case Rep. 2020(9):rjaa280, 2020
                                        4. Sideris A et al: A systematic review and meta-analysis of predictors of airway intervention in adult epiglottitis. Laryngoscope. 130(2):465-73, 2020
                                        5. Villemure-Poliquin N et al: Necrotizing epiglottitis with necrotizing fasciitis in a child: a case report and review of literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 138:110385, 2020
                                        6. Inaguma Y et al: Thermal epiglottitis: acute airway obstruction caused by ingestion of hot food. Pediatr Int. 61(9):927-9, 2019
                                        7. OʼBryant SC et al: Influenza A-associated epiglottitis and compensatory pursed lip breathing in an infant. Pediatr Emerg Care. 35(11):e213-6, 2019
                                        8. Guardiani E et al: Supraglottitis in the era following widespread immunization against Haemophilus influenzae type B: evolving principles in diagnosis and management. Laryngoscope. 120(11):2183-8, 2010
                                        9. Shah RK et al: Epiglottitis in the United States: national trends, variances, prognosis, and management. Laryngoscope. 120(6):1256-62, 2010
                                        10. Cheung CS et al: Adult epiglottitis: 6 years experience in a university teaching hospital in Hong Kong. Eur J Emerg Med. 16(4):221-6, 2009
                                        11. Reed J et al: Aryepiglottic abscess manifesting as epiglottitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 135(9):953-5, 2009
                                        12. Tebruegge M et al: Necrotizing epiglottitis in an infant: an unusual first presentation of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 28(2):164-6, 2009
                                        13. Glynn F et al: Diagnosis and management of supraglottitis (epiglottitis). Curr Infect Dis Rep. 10(3):200-4, 2008
                                        14. Kavanagh KR et al: Traumatic epiglottitis after foreign body ingestion. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 72(6):901-3, 2008
                                        15. Gilbert A et al: Epiglottic abscess. Ear Nose Throat J. 83(3):154-5, 2004
                                        16. Hammer J: Acquired upper airway obstruction. Paediatr Respir Rev. 5(1):25-33, 2004
                                        17. Shah RK et al: Epiglottitis in the Hemophilus influenzae type B vaccine era: changing trends. Laryngoscope. 114(3):557-60, 2004
                                        18. Berger G et al: The rising incidence of adult acute epiglottitis and epiglottic abscess. Am J Otolaryngol. 24(6):374-83, 2003
                                        19. Garner D et al: Effectiveness of vaccination for Haemophilus influenzae type b. Lancet. 361(9355):395-6, 2003
                                        20. John SD et al: Stridor and upper airway obstruction in infants and children. Radiographics. 12(4):625-43; discussion 644, 1992
                                        21. Shackelford GD et al: Subglottic edema in acute epiglottitis in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 131(4):603-5, 1978
                                        22. Dunbar JS: Upper respiratory tract obstruction in infants and children. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med. 109(2):227-46, 1970
                                        Related Anatomy
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                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Terminology

                                          • Imaging

                                            • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                    TERMINOLOGY

                                                    • Synonyms

                                                      • Supraglottitis
                                                    • Definitions

                                                      • Serious, life-threatening airway obstruction secondary to inflammation of epiglottis & surrounding tissues

                                                    IMAGING

                                                    • General Features

                                                      • Radiographic Findings

                                                        • CT Findings

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                  • Microscopic Features

                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Almuzam S et al: Non-vaccine Haemophilus influenzae type a epiglottitis. J Paediatr Child Health. 57(7):1133-5, 2020
                                                                              2. Bozzella MJ et al: Epiglottitis associated with intermittent E-cigarette use: the vagaries of vaping toxicity. Pediatrics. 145(3), 2020
                                                                              3. Fondaw A et al: COVID-19 infection presenting with acute epiglottitis. J Surg Case Rep. 2020(9):rjaa280, 2020
                                                                              4. Sideris A et al: A systematic review and meta-analysis of predictors of airway intervention in adult epiglottitis. Laryngoscope. 130(2):465-73, 2020
                                                                              5. Villemure-Poliquin N et al: Necrotizing epiglottitis with necrotizing fasciitis in a child: a case report and review of literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 138:110385, 2020
                                                                              6. Inaguma Y et al: Thermal epiglottitis: acute airway obstruction caused by ingestion of hot food. Pediatr Int. 61(9):927-9, 2019
                                                                              7. OʼBryant SC et al: Influenza A-associated epiglottitis and compensatory pursed lip breathing in an infant. Pediatr Emerg Care. 35(11):e213-6, 2019
                                                                              8. Guardiani E et al: Supraglottitis in the era following widespread immunization against Haemophilus influenzae type B: evolving principles in diagnosis and management. Laryngoscope. 120(11):2183-8, 2010
                                                                              9. Shah RK et al: Epiglottitis in the United States: national trends, variances, prognosis, and management. Laryngoscope. 120(6):1256-62, 2010
                                                                              10. Cheung CS et al: Adult epiglottitis: 6 years experience in a university teaching hospital in Hong Kong. Eur J Emerg Med. 16(4):221-6, 2009
                                                                              11. Reed J et al: Aryepiglottic abscess manifesting as epiglottitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 135(9):953-5, 2009
                                                                              12. Tebruegge M et al: Necrotizing epiglottitis in an infant: an unusual first presentation of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 28(2):164-6, 2009
                                                                              13. Glynn F et al: Diagnosis and management of supraglottitis (epiglottitis). Curr Infect Dis Rep. 10(3):200-4, 2008
                                                                              14. Kavanagh KR et al: Traumatic epiglottitis after foreign body ingestion. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 72(6):901-3, 2008
                                                                              15. Gilbert A et al: Epiglottic abscess. Ear Nose Throat J. 83(3):154-5, 2004
                                                                              16. Hammer J: Acquired upper airway obstruction. Paediatr Respir Rev. 5(1):25-33, 2004
                                                                              17. Shah RK et al: Epiglottitis in the Hemophilus influenzae type B vaccine era: changing trends. Laryngoscope. 114(3):557-60, 2004
                                                                              18. Berger G et al: The rising incidence of adult acute epiglottitis and epiglottic abscess. Am J Otolaryngol. 24(6):374-83, 2003
                                                                              19. Garner D et al: Effectiveness of vaccination for Haemophilus influenzae type b. Lancet. 361(9355):395-6, 2003
                                                                              20. John SD et al: Stridor and upper airway obstruction in infants and children. Radiographics. 12(4):625-43; discussion 644, 1992
                                                                              21. Shackelford GD et al: Subglottic edema in acute epiglottitis in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 131(4):603-5, 1978
                                                                              22. Dunbar JS: Upper respiratory tract obstruction in infants and children. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med. 109(2):227-46, 1970