Chirica M et al: Esophageal emergencies: WSES guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 14:26, 2019
Sdralis EIK et al: Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of esophageal perforations: systematic review. Dis Esophagus. 30(8):1-6, 2017
Dent B et al: Minimally invasive endoscopic therapy for the management of Boerhaave's syndrome. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 96(3):253-4, 2014
Freeman RK et al: Esophageal stent placement for the treatment of spontaneous esophageal perforations. Ann Thorac Surg. 88(1):194-8, 2009
Buecker A et al: Esophageal perforation: comparison of use of aqueous and barium-containing contrast media. Radiology. 202(3):683-6, 1997
Hoover EL: The diagnosis and management of esophageal perforations. J Natl Med Assoc. 83(3):246-8, 1991
Tang SJ et al: Iatrogenic esophageal submucosal dissection after attempted diagnostic gastroscopy (with videos). Laryngoscope. 119(1):36-8, 2009
Nerot C et al: Esophageal perforation after fracture of the cervical spine: case report and review of the literature. J Spinal Disord Tech. 15(6):513-8, 2002
Kim IO et al: Perforation complicating balloon dilation of esophageal strictures in infants and children. Radiology. 189(3):741-4, 1993
Niezgoda JA et al: Pharyngoesophageal perforation after blunt neck trauma. Ann Thorac Surg. 50(4):615-7, 1990
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Esophageal perforation (EP)
Synonyms
Esophageal rupture or transection
Definitions
Transmural esophageal tear
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Chirica M et al: Esophageal emergencies: WSES guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 14:26, 2019
Sdralis EIK et al: Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of esophageal perforations: systematic review. Dis Esophagus. 30(8):1-6, 2017
Dent B et al: Minimally invasive endoscopic therapy for the management of Boerhaave's syndrome. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 96(3):253-4, 2014
Freeman RK et al: Esophageal stent placement for the treatment of spontaneous esophageal perforations. Ann Thorac Surg. 88(1):194-8, 2009
Buecker A et al: Esophageal perforation: comparison of use of aqueous and barium-containing contrast media. Radiology. 202(3):683-6, 1997
Hoover EL: The diagnosis and management of esophageal perforations. J Natl Med Assoc. 83(3):246-8, 1991
Tang SJ et al: Iatrogenic esophageal submucosal dissection after attempted diagnostic gastroscopy (with videos). Laryngoscope. 119(1):36-8, 2009
Nerot C et al: Esophageal perforation after fracture of the cervical spine: case report and review of the literature. J Spinal Disord Tech. 15(6):513-8, 2002
Kim IO et al: Perforation complicating balloon dilation of esophageal strictures in infants and children. Radiology. 189(3):741-4, 1993
Niezgoda JA et al: Pharyngoesophageal perforation after blunt neck trauma. Ann Thorac Surg. 50(4):615-7, 1990
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