Aggressive childhood cancer that includes Ewing sarcoma, Askin tumor, and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Berger GK et al: Outcomes in different age groups with primary Ewing sarcoma of the spine: a systematic review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine. 1-10, 2019
Hesla AC et al: Ewing sarcoma of the mobile spine; predictive factors for survival, neurological function and local control. A Scandinavian sarcoma group study with a mean follow-up of 12 years. J Bone Oncol. 14:100216, 2019
Charest-Morin R et al: Ewing sarcoma of the spine: prognostic variables for survival and local control in surgically treated patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 43(9):622-9, 2018
Scantland JT et al: Primary spinal intradural extraosseous Ewing sarcoma in a pediatric patient: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurosurg. 53(4):222-8, 2018
Murphey MD et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: Ewing sarcoma family of tumors: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 33(3):803-31, 2013
Balamuth NJ et al: Ewing's sarcoma. Lancet Oncol. 11(2):184-92, 2010
Indelicato DJ et al: Spinal and paraspinal Ewing tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 76(5):1463-71, 2010
Maheshwari AV et al: Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 18(2):94-107, 2010
Klimo P Jr et al: Primary pediatric intraspinal sarcomas. Report of 3 cases. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 4(3):222-9, 2009
Mar WA et al: Update on imaging and treatment of Ewing sarcoma family tumors: what the radiologist needs to know. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 32(1):108-18, 2008
Bacci G et al: Long-term outcome for patients with non-metastatic Ewing's sarcoma treated with adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapies. 402 patients treated at Rizzoli between 1972 and 1992. Eur J Cancer. 40(1):73-83, 2004
Caksen H et al: A case of metastatic spinal Ewing's sarcoma misdiagnosed as brucellosis and transverse myelitis. Neurol Sci. 24(6):414-6, 2004
Bacci G et al: Therapy and survival after recurrence of Ewing's tumors: the Rizzoli experience in 195 patients treated with adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 1979 to 1997. Ann Oncol. 14(11):1654-9, 2003
Burchill SA: Ewing's sarcoma: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of molecular abnormalities. J Clin Pathol. 56(2):96-102, 2003
Fuchs B et al: Complications in long-term survivors of Ewing sarcoma. Cancer. 98(12):2687-92, 2003
Fuchs B et al: Ewing's sarcoma and the development of secondary malignancies. Clin Orthop. (415):82-9, 2003
Goktepe AS et al: Paraplegia: an unusual presentation of Ewing's sarcoma. Spinal Cord. 40(7):367-9, 2002
Hawkins DS et al: Evaluation of chemotherapy response in pediatric bone sarcomas by [F-18]-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography. Cancer. 94(12):3277-84, 2002
Hoffer FA: Primary skeletal neoplasms: osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 13(4):231-9, 2002
Paulussen M et al: Ewing tumour: incidence, prognosis and treatment options. Paediatr Drugs. 3(12):899-913, 2001
Devoe K et al: Immunohistochemistry of small round-cell tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol. 17(3):216-24, 2000
Llombart-Bosch A et al: Histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy of small round cell tumors of bone. Semin Diagn Pathol. 13(3):153-70, 1996
Downing JR et al: Detection of the (11;22)(q24;q12) translocation of Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral neuroectodermal tumor by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Am J Pathol. 143(5):1294-300, 1993
Eggli KD et al: Ewing's sarcoma. Radiol Clin North Am. 31(2):325-37, 1993
Boyko OB et al: MR imaging of osteogenic and Ewing's sarcoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 148(2):317-22, 1987
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT)
Round cell sarcoma of bone
Definitions
Aggressive childhood cancer that includes Ewing sarcoma, Askin tumor, and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Berger GK et al: Outcomes in different age groups with primary Ewing sarcoma of the spine: a systematic review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine. 1-10, 2019
Hesla AC et al: Ewing sarcoma of the mobile spine; predictive factors for survival, neurological function and local control. A Scandinavian sarcoma group study with a mean follow-up of 12 years. J Bone Oncol. 14:100216, 2019
Charest-Morin R et al: Ewing sarcoma of the spine: prognostic variables for survival and local control in surgically treated patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 43(9):622-9, 2018
Scantland JT et al: Primary spinal intradural extraosseous Ewing sarcoma in a pediatric patient: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurosurg. 53(4):222-8, 2018
Murphey MD et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: Ewing sarcoma family of tumors: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 33(3):803-31, 2013
Balamuth NJ et al: Ewing's sarcoma. Lancet Oncol. 11(2):184-92, 2010
Indelicato DJ et al: Spinal and paraspinal Ewing tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 76(5):1463-71, 2010
Maheshwari AV et al: Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 18(2):94-107, 2010
Klimo P Jr et al: Primary pediatric intraspinal sarcomas. Report of 3 cases. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 4(3):222-9, 2009
Mar WA et al: Update on imaging and treatment of Ewing sarcoma family tumors: what the radiologist needs to know. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 32(1):108-18, 2008
Bacci G et al: Long-term outcome for patients with non-metastatic Ewing's sarcoma treated with adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapies. 402 patients treated at Rizzoli between 1972 and 1992. Eur J Cancer. 40(1):73-83, 2004
Caksen H et al: A case of metastatic spinal Ewing's sarcoma misdiagnosed as brucellosis and transverse myelitis. Neurol Sci. 24(6):414-6, 2004
Bacci G et al: Therapy and survival after recurrence of Ewing's tumors: the Rizzoli experience in 195 patients treated with adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 1979 to 1997. Ann Oncol. 14(11):1654-9, 2003
Burchill SA: Ewing's sarcoma: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of molecular abnormalities. J Clin Pathol. 56(2):96-102, 2003
Fuchs B et al: Complications in long-term survivors of Ewing sarcoma. Cancer. 98(12):2687-92, 2003
Fuchs B et al: Ewing's sarcoma and the development of secondary malignancies. Clin Orthop. (415):82-9, 2003
Goktepe AS et al: Paraplegia: an unusual presentation of Ewing's sarcoma. Spinal Cord. 40(7):367-9, 2002
Hawkins DS et al: Evaluation of chemotherapy response in pediatric bone sarcomas by [F-18]-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography. Cancer. 94(12):3277-84, 2002
Hoffer FA: Primary skeletal neoplasms: osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 13(4):231-9, 2002
Paulussen M et al: Ewing tumour: incidence, prognosis and treatment options. Paediatr Drugs. 3(12):899-913, 2001
Devoe K et al: Immunohistochemistry of small round-cell tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol. 17(3):216-24, 2000
Llombart-Bosch A et al: Histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy of small round cell tumors of bone. Semin Diagn Pathol. 13(3):153-70, 1996
Downing JR et al: Detection of the (11;22)(q24;q12) translocation of Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral neuroectodermal tumor by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Am J Pathol. 143(5):1294-300, 1993
Eggli KD et al: Ewing's sarcoma. Radiol Clin North Am. 31(2):325-37, 1993
Boyko OB et al: MR imaging of osteogenic and Ewing's sarcoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 148(2):317-22, 1987
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