Result of injury to breast fat with chemical irritation, inflammation
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Hassan HHM et al: Fat necrosis of the breast: magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and pathologic correlation. Acad Radiol. 25(8):985-92, 2018
Mahoney MC et al: Postoperative enhancement on breast MRI: time course and pattern of changes. Breast J. 24(5):783-8, 2018
Tayyab SJ et al: A pictorial review: multimodality imaging of benign and suspicious features of fat necrosis in the breast. Br J Radiol. 20180213, 2018
Myung Y et al: Relationship between obesity and surgical complications after reduction mammaplasty: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Aesthet Surg J. 37(3):308-315, 2017
Kerridge WD et al: Fat Necrosis of the Breast: A Pictorial Review of the Mammographic, Ultrasound, CT, and MRI Findings with Histopathologic Correlation. Radiol Res Pract. 2015:613139, 2015
Mineda K et al: Chronic inflammation and progressive calcification as a result of fat necrosis: the worst outcome in fat grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg. 133(5):1064-72, 2014
Akkas BE et al: Fat necrosis may mimic local recurrence of breast cancer in FDG PET/CT. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. Epub ahead of print, 2012
Wagner IJ et al: A classification system for fat necrosis in autologous breast reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg. 70(5):553-6, 2013
Trimboli RM et al: MRI of fat necrosis of the breast: the "black hole" sign at short tau inversion recovery. Eur J Radiol. 81(4):e573-9, 2012
Taboada JL et al: The many faces of fat necrosis in the breast. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 192(3):815-25, 2009
Daly CP et al: Variable appearances of fat necrosis on breast MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(5):1374-80, 2008
Gatta G et al: Clinical, mammographic and ultrasonographic features of blunt breast trauma. Eur J Radiol. 59(3):327-30, 2006
Tan PH et al: Fat necrosis of the breast--a review. Breast. 15(3):313-8, 2006
Crystal P et al: Sonographic findings of palpable isoechoic breast fat necrosis: look for skin integrity. J Ultrasound Med. 24(1):105-7, 2005
Kang BJ et al: Breast MRI findings after modified radical mastectomy and transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in patients with breast cancer. J Magn Reson Imaging. 21(6):784-91, 2005
Chala LF et al: Fat necrosis of the breast: mammographic, sonographic, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 33(3):106-26, 2004
Williams HJ et al: Imaging features of breast trauma: a pictorial review. Breast. 11(2):107-15, 2002
Bilgen IG et al: Fat necrosis of the breast: clinical, mammographic and sonographic features. Eur J Radiol. 39(2):92-9, 2001
Soo MS et al: Fat necrosis in the breast: sonographic features. Radiology. 206(1):261-9, 1998
Gluck BS et al: Microcalcifications on postoperative mammograms as an indicator of adequacy of tumor excision. Radiology. 188(2):469-72, 1993
Mendelson EB: Evaluation of the postoperative breast. Radiol Clin North Am. 30(1):107-38, 1992
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Result of injury to breast fat with chemical irritation, inflammation
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Hassan HHM et al: Fat necrosis of the breast: magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and pathologic correlation. Acad Radiol. 25(8):985-92, 2018
Mahoney MC et al: Postoperative enhancement on breast MRI: time course and pattern of changes. Breast J. 24(5):783-8, 2018
Tayyab SJ et al: A pictorial review: multimodality imaging of benign and suspicious features of fat necrosis in the breast. Br J Radiol. 20180213, 2018
Myung Y et al: Relationship between obesity and surgical complications after reduction mammaplasty: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Aesthet Surg J. 37(3):308-315, 2017
Kerridge WD et al: Fat Necrosis of the Breast: A Pictorial Review of the Mammographic, Ultrasound, CT, and MRI Findings with Histopathologic Correlation. Radiol Res Pract. 2015:613139, 2015
Mineda K et al: Chronic inflammation and progressive calcification as a result of fat necrosis: the worst outcome in fat grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg. 133(5):1064-72, 2014
Akkas BE et al: Fat necrosis may mimic local recurrence of breast cancer in FDG PET/CT. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. Epub ahead of print, 2012
Wagner IJ et al: A classification system for fat necrosis in autologous breast reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg. 70(5):553-6, 2013
Trimboli RM et al: MRI of fat necrosis of the breast: the "black hole" sign at short tau inversion recovery. Eur J Radiol. 81(4):e573-9, 2012
Taboada JL et al: The many faces of fat necrosis in the breast. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 192(3):815-25, 2009
Daly CP et al: Variable appearances of fat necrosis on breast MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(5):1374-80, 2008
Gatta G et al: Clinical, mammographic and ultrasonographic features of blunt breast trauma. Eur J Radiol. 59(3):327-30, 2006
Tan PH et al: Fat necrosis of the breast--a review. Breast. 15(3):313-8, 2006
Crystal P et al: Sonographic findings of palpable isoechoic breast fat necrosis: look for skin integrity. J Ultrasound Med. 24(1):105-7, 2005
Kang BJ et al: Breast MRI findings after modified radical mastectomy and transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in patients with breast cancer. J Magn Reson Imaging. 21(6):784-91, 2005
Chala LF et al: Fat necrosis of the breast: mammographic, sonographic, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 33(3):106-26, 2004
Williams HJ et al: Imaging features of breast trauma: a pictorial review. Breast. 11(2):107-15, 2002
Bilgen IG et al: Fat necrosis of the breast: clinical, mammographic and sonographic features. Eur J Radiol. 39(2):92-9, 2001
Soo MS et al: Fat necrosis in the breast: sonographic features. Radiology. 206(1):261-9, 1998
Gluck BS et al: Microcalcifications on postoperative mammograms as an indicator of adequacy of tumor excision. Radiology. 188(2):469-72, 1993
Mendelson EB: Evaluation of the postoperative breast. Radiol Clin North Am. 30(1):107-38, 1992
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