To access 4,300 diagnoses written by the world's leading experts in radiology, please log in or subscribe.Log inSubscribe
1
11
0
6
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Fetal growth restriction (FGR)
Synonyms
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
Definitions
Estimated fetal weight (EFW) < 10th percentile for gestational age (GA)
Asymmetric FGR: Small abdominal circumference (AC) compared with head circumference (HC)
Symmetric FGR: Uniformly small
Small for gestational age (SGA) is not always FGR
SGA: Fetus is small but healthy, not growth restricted
FGR: Fetus is pathologically small, growth restricted
Not reaching full growth potential
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Kovo M et al: Pregnancy outcome and placental findings in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction with and without preeclampsia. Reprod Sci. 22(3):316-21, 2015
Maggio L et al: Perinatal outcomes with normal compared with elevated umbilical artery systolic-to-diastolic ratios in fetal growth restriction. Obstet Gynecol. 125(4):863-9, 2015
Sovio U et al: Screening for fetal growth restriction with universal third trimester ultrasonography in nulliparous women in the Pregnancy Outcome Prediction (POP) study: a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 386(10008):2089-97, 2015
Zhang J et al: Defining normal and abnormal fetal growth: promises and challenges. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 202(6):522-8, 2010
Miller J et al: Fetal growth restriction. Semin Perinatol. 32(4):274-80, 2008
Mäkikallio K et al: Human fetal cardiovascular profile score and neonatal outcome in intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 31(1):48-54, 2008
Zuk L et al: Neonatal general movements: an early predictor for neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with intrauterine growth retardation. J Child Neurol. 19(1):14-8, 2004
Rasmussen S et al: Fetal growth and body proportion in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 101(3):575-83, 2003
Galan HL et al: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): biometric and Doppler assessment. Prenat Diagn. 22(4):331-7, 2002
Hofstaetter C et al: Venous Doppler velocimetry in the surveillance of severely compromised fetuses. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 20(3):233-9, 2002
Severi FM et al: Uterine and fetal cerebral Doppler predict the outcome of third-trimester small-for-gestational age fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 19(3):225-8, 2002
Vergani P et al: Prognostic value of uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in growth-restricted fetuses delivered near term. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 187(4):932-6, 2002
May R et al: Early postnatal growth of low birthweight infants in the WIC program. Am J Hum Biol. 13(2):261-7, 2001
Dashe JS et al: Effects of symmetric and asymmetric fetal growth on pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 96(3):321-7, 2000
Markestad T et al: Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants born at term: growth and development during the first year of life. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 165:93-101, 1997
Sherwood RJ et al: Pattern and process of growth of the abnormal human fetus. Hum Biol. 69(6):849-71, 1997
Vik T et al: Body proportions and early neonatal morbidity in small-for-gestational-age infants of successive births. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 165:76-81, 1997
Vik T et al: Prenatal growth in symmetric and asymmetric small-for-gestational-age infants. Early Hum Dev. 48(1-2):167-76, 1997
Related Anatomy
Loading...
Related Differential Diagnoses
Loading...
References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Fetal growth restriction (FGR)
Synonyms
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
Definitions
Estimated fetal weight (EFW) < 10th percentile for gestational age (GA)
Asymmetric FGR: Small abdominal circumference (AC) compared with head circumference (HC)
Symmetric FGR: Uniformly small
Small for gestational age (SGA) is not always FGR
SGA: Fetus is small but healthy, not growth restricted
FGR: Fetus is pathologically small, growth restricted
Not reaching full growth potential
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Kovo M et al: Pregnancy outcome and placental findings in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction with and without preeclampsia. Reprod Sci. 22(3):316-21, 2015
Maggio L et al: Perinatal outcomes with normal compared with elevated umbilical artery systolic-to-diastolic ratios in fetal growth restriction. Obstet Gynecol. 125(4):863-9, 2015
Sovio U et al: Screening for fetal growth restriction with universal third trimester ultrasonography in nulliparous women in the Pregnancy Outcome Prediction (POP) study: a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 386(10008):2089-97, 2015
Zhang J et al: Defining normal and abnormal fetal growth: promises and challenges. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 202(6):522-8, 2010
Miller J et al: Fetal growth restriction. Semin Perinatol. 32(4):274-80, 2008
Mäkikallio K et al: Human fetal cardiovascular profile score and neonatal outcome in intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 31(1):48-54, 2008
Zuk L et al: Neonatal general movements: an early predictor for neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with intrauterine growth retardation. J Child Neurol. 19(1):14-8, 2004
Rasmussen S et al: Fetal growth and body proportion in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 101(3):575-83, 2003
Galan HL et al: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): biometric and Doppler assessment. Prenat Diagn. 22(4):331-7, 2002
Hofstaetter C et al: Venous Doppler velocimetry in the surveillance of severely compromised fetuses. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 20(3):233-9, 2002
Severi FM et al: Uterine and fetal cerebral Doppler predict the outcome of third-trimester small-for-gestational age fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 19(3):225-8, 2002
Vergani P et al: Prognostic value of uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in growth-restricted fetuses delivered near term. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 187(4):932-6, 2002
May R et al: Early postnatal growth of low birthweight infants in the WIC program. Am J Hum Biol. 13(2):261-7, 2001
Dashe JS et al: Effects of symmetric and asymmetric fetal growth on pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 96(3):321-7, 2000
Markestad T et al: Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants born at term: growth and development during the first year of life. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 165:93-101, 1997
Sherwood RJ et al: Pattern and process of growth of the abnormal human fetus. Hum Biol. 69(6):849-71, 1997
Vik T et al: Body proportions and early neonatal morbidity in small-for-gestational-age infants of successive births. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 165:76-81, 1997
Vik T et al: Prenatal growth in symmetric and asymmetric small-for-gestational-age infants. Early Hum Dev. 48(1-2):167-76, 1997
STATdx includes over 200,000 searchable images, including x-ray, CT, MR and ultrasound images. To access all images, please log in or subscribe.