Bookmarks
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)
- Cortical disorganization & abnormal laminar architecture
- Type 1: Isolated alterations in cortical organization & lamination
- Type 2: Isolated alterations in cortical organization & lamination WITH dysmorphic neurons
- Type 3: FCD in association with other lesions
- Cortical disorganization & abnormal laminar architecture
- Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Leach JL et al: Imaging spectrum of cortical dysplasia in children. Semin Roentgenol. 49(1):99-111, 2014
- Leach JL et al: Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in the resection region correlate with histopathological type, gliosis extent, and postoperative outcome in pediatric cortical dysplasia. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 14(1):68-80, 2014
- Mellerio C et al: 3T MRI improves the detection of transmantle sign in type 2 focal cortical dysplasia. Epilepsia. 55(1):117-22, 2014
- Mellerio C et al: The Power Button Sign: A Newly Described Central Sulcal Pattern on Surface Rendering MR Images of Type 2 Focal Cortical Dysplasia. Radiology. 140773, 2014
- Kadom N et al: Utility of magnetization transfer T1 imaging in children with seizures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34(4):895-8, 2013
- Colombo N et al: Focal cortical dysplasia type IIa and IIb: MRI aspects in 118 cases proven by histopathology. Neuroradiology. 54(10):1065-77, 2012
- Mellerio C et al: Optimizing MR imaging detection of type 2 focal cortical dysplasia: best criteria for clinical practice. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 33(10):1932-8, 2012
- Bernasconi A et al: Advances in MRI for 'cryptogenic' epilepsies. Nat Rev Neurol. 7(2):99-108, 2011
- Blumcke I et al: The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasias: a consensus classification proposed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission. Epilepsia. 52(1):158-74, 2011
- Kim YH et al: Neuroimaging in identifying focal cortical dysplasia and prognostic factors in pediatric and adolescent epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 52(4):722-7, 2011
- Lee SK et al: Diffusion tensor imaging of heterotopia: changes of fractional anisotropy during radial migration of neurons. Yonsei Med J. 51(4):590-3, 2010
- Raybaud C et al: Imaging surgical epilepsy in children. Childs Nerv Syst. 22(8):786-809, 2006
Related Anatomy
Loading...
Related Differential Diagnoses
Loading...
References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)
- Cortical disorganization & abnormal laminar architecture
- Type 1: Isolated alterations in cortical organization & lamination
- Type 2: Isolated alterations in cortical organization & lamination WITH dysmorphic neurons
- Type 3: FCD in association with other lesions
- Cortical disorganization & abnormal laminar architecture
- Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Leach JL et al: Imaging spectrum of cortical dysplasia in children. Semin Roentgenol. 49(1):99-111, 2014
- Leach JL et al: Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in the resection region correlate with histopathological type, gliosis extent, and postoperative outcome in pediatric cortical dysplasia. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 14(1):68-80, 2014
- Mellerio C et al: 3T MRI improves the detection of transmantle sign in type 2 focal cortical dysplasia. Epilepsia. 55(1):117-22, 2014
- Mellerio C et al: The Power Button Sign: A Newly Described Central Sulcal Pattern on Surface Rendering MR Images of Type 2 Focal Cortical Dysplasia. Radiology. 140773, 2014
- Kadom N et al: Utility of magnetization transfer T1 imaging in children with seizures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34(4):895-8, 2013
- Colombo N et al: Focal cortical dysplasia type IIa and IIb: MRI aspects in 118 cases proven by histopathology. Neuroradiology. 54(10):1065-77, 2012
- Mellerio C et al: Optimizing MR imaging detection of type 2 focal cortical dysplasia: best criteria for clinical practice. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 33(10):1932-8, 2012
- Bernasconi A et al: Advances in MRI for 'cryptogenic' epilepsies. Nat Rev Neurol. 7(2):99-108, 2011
- Blumcke I et al: The clinicopathologic spectrum of focal cortical dysplasias: a consensus classification proposed by an ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Diagnostic Methods Commission. Epilepsia. 52(1):158-74, 2011
- Kim YH et al: Neuroimaging in identifying focal cortical dysplasia and prognostic factors in pediatric and adolescent epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 52(4):722-7, 2011
- Lee SK et al: Diffusion tensor imaging of heterotopia: changes of fractional anisotropy during radial migration of neurons. Yonsei Med J. 51(4):590-3, 2010
- Raybaud C et al: Imaging surgical epilepsy in children. Childs Nerv Syst. 22(8):786-809, 2006
