Retention cyst containing milk from occluded lactiferous duct secondary to duct obstruction, usually during or shortly after cessation of lactation
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Image-Guided Biopsy
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Journo G et al: Hyperechoic breast images: all that glitters is not gold! Insights Imaging. 9(2):199-209, 2018
Farrokh D et al: Galactocele in the axillary accessory breast mimicking suspicious solid mass on ultrasound. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2017:4807013, 2017
Parker S et al: Spectrum of pregnancy- and lactation-related benign breast findings. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 46(6):432-440, 2017
Langer A et al: Breast lumps in pregnant women. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(10):1077-87, 2015
Tirada N et al: Imaging pregnant and lactating patients. Radiographics. 35(6):1751-65, 2015
Freer PE et al: Digital breast tomosynthesis in the analysis of fat-containing lesions. Radiographics. 34(2):343-58, 2014
Ayyappan AP et al: Imaging of fat-containing lesions of the breast: a pictorial essay. J Clin Ultrasound. 41(7):424-33, 2013
Kaneda HJ et al: Pediatric and adolescent breast masses: a review of pathophysiology, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(2):W204-12, 2013
Vashi R et al: Breast imaging of the pregnant and lactating patient: physiologic changes and common benign entities. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(2):329-36, 2013
Perez-Bóscollo AC et al: Galactocele: an unusual cause of breast enlargement in children. J Pediatr Surg. 44(7):e1-3, 2009
Lin WC et al: A late complication of augmentation mammoplasty by polyacrylamide hydrogel injection: ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings of huge galactocele formation in a puerperal woman with pathological correlation. Breast J. 14(6):584-7, 2008
Sabate JM et al: Radiologic evaluation of breast disorders related to pregnancy and lactation. Radiographics. 27 Suppl 1:S101-24, 2007
Whang IY et al: Galactocele as a changing axillary lump in a pregnant woman. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 276(4):379-82, 2007
Kim MJ et al: Galactoceles mimicking suspicious solid masses on sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 25(2):145-51, 2006
Acartürk S et al: An uncommon complication of secondary augmentation mammoplasty: bilaterally massive engorgement of breasts after pregnancy attributable to postinfection and blockage of mammary ducts. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 29(4):274-9; discussion 280, 2005
Ghosh K et al: Infected galactocele: a perplexing problem. Breast J. 10(2):159, 2004
Welch ST et al: Sonography of pediatric male breast masses: gynecomastia and beyond. Pediatr Radiol. 34(12):952-7, 2004
Park KY et al: Steatocystoma multiplex: mammographic and sonographic manifestations. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(1):271-4, 2003
Sawhney S et al: Sonographic appearances of galactoceles. J Clin Ultrasound. 30(1):18-22, 2002
Gómez A et al: Galactocele: three distinctive radiographic appearances. Radiology. 158(1):43-4, 1986
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Lactocele
Definitions
Retention cyst containing milk from occluded lactiferous duct secondary to duct obstruction, usually during or shortly after cessation of lactation
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Image-Guided Biopsy
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Journo G et al: Hyperechoic breast images: all that glitters is not gold! Insights Imaging. 9(2):199-209, 2018
Farrokh D et al: Galactocele in the axillary accessory breast mimicking suspicious solid mass on ultrasound. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2017:4807013, 2017
Parker S et al: Spectrum of pregnancy- and lactation-related benign breast findings. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 46(6):432-440, 2017
Langer A et al: Breast lumps in pregnant women. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(10):1077-87, 2015
Tirada N et al: Imaging pregnant and lactating patients. Radiographics. 35(6):1751-65, 2015
Freer PE et al: Digital breast tomosynthesis in the analysis of fat-containing lesions. Radiographics. 34(2):343-58, 2014
Ayyappan AP et al: Imaging of fat-containing lesions of the breast: a pictorial essay. J Clin Ultrasound. 41(7):424-33, 2013
Kaneda HJ et al: Pediatric and adolescent breast masses: a review of pathophysiology, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(2):W204-12, 2013
Vashi R et al: Breast imaging of the pregnant and lactating patient: physiologic changes and common benign entities. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(2):329-36, 2013
Perez-Bóscollo AC et al: Galactocele: an unusual cause of breast enlargement in children. J Pediatr Surg. 44(7):e1-3, 2009
Lin WC et al: A late complication of augmentation mammoplasty by polyacrylamide hydrogel injection: ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings of huge galactocele formation in a puerperal woman with pathological correlation. Breast J. 14(6):584-7, 2008
Sabate JM et al: Radiologic evaluation of breast disorders related to pregnancy and lactation. Radiographics. 27 Suppl 1:S101-24, 2007
Whang IY et al: Galactocele as a changing axillary lump in a pregnant woman. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 276(4):379-82, 2007
Kim MJ et al: Galactoceles mimicking suspicious solid masses on sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 25(2):145-51, 2006
Acartürk S et al: An uncommon complication of secondary augmentation mammoplasty: bilaterally massive engorgement of breasts after pregnancy attributable to postinfection and blockage of mammary ducts. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 29(4):274-9; discussion 280, 2005
Ghosh K et al: Infected galactocele: a perplexing problem. Breast J. 10(2):159, 2004
Welch ST et al: Sonography of pediatric male breast masses: gynecomastia and beyond. Pediatr Radiol. 34(12):952-7, 2004
Park KY et al: Steatocystoma multiplex: mammographic and sonographic manifestations. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(1):271-4, 2003
Sawhney S et al: Sonographic appearances of galactoceles. J Clin Ultrasound. 30(1):18-22, 2002
Gómez A et al: Galactocele: three distinctive radiographic appearances. Radiology. 158(1):43-4, 1986
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