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KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from gallbladder (GB) mucosa
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- John S et al: Gallbladder cancer: imaging appearance and pitfalls in diagnosis. Can Assoc Radiol J. 71(4):448-58, 2020
- Wasnik AP et al: Diagnostic accuracy of MDCT in differentiating gallbladder cancer from acute and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Clin Imaging. 50:223-8, 2018
- Sandrasegaran K et al: Imaging and screening of cancer of the gallbladder and bile ducts. Radiol Clin North Am. 55(6):1211-22, 2017
- Hwang J et al: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for T-staging of gallbladder carcinoma: emphasis on liver invasion. Br J Radiol. 87(1033):20130608, 2014
- Kim SJ et al: Preoperative staging of gallbladder carcinoma using biliary MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 41(2):314-21, 2014
- Lee NK et al: Diffusion-weighted MRI for differentiation of benign from malignant lesions in the gallbladder. Clin Radiol. 69(2):e78-85, 2014
- Mitchell CH et al: Features suggestive of gallbladder malignancy: analysis of T1, T2, and T3 tumors on cross-sectional imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 38(2):235-41, 2014
- Ramos-Font C et al: Ability of FDG-PET/CT in the detection of gallbladder cancer. J Surg Oncol. 109(3):218-24, 2014
- Revzin MV et al: The gallbladder: uncommon gallbladder conditions and unusual presentations of the common gallbladder pathological processes. Abdom Imaging. 40(2):385-99, 2014
- Wernberg JA et al: Gallbladder cancer. Surg Clin North Am. 94(2):343-60, 2014
- Tan CH et al: MRI of gallbladder cancer. Diagn Interv Radiol. 19(4):312-9, 2013
- Yoshimitsu K et al: Magnetic resonance differentiation between T2 and T1 gallbladder carcinoma: significance of subserosal enhancement on the delayed phase dynamic study. Magn Reson Imaging. 30(6):854-9, 2012
- Randi G et al: Epidemiology of biliary tract cancers: an update. Ann Oncol. 20(1):146-59, 2009
- Catalano OA et al: MR imaging of the gallbladder: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 28(1):135-55; quiz 324, 2008
- Furlan A et al: Gallbladder carcinoma update: multimodality imaging evaluation, staging, and treatment options. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(5):1440-7, 2008
- Sainani NI et al: Cholangiocarcinoma: current and novel imaging techniques. Radiographics. 28(5):1263-87, 2008
- Enomoto T et al: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking stage IV gallbladder cancer. Hepatogastroenterology. 50(53):1255-8, 2003
- Goindi G et al: Risk factors in the aetiopathogenesis of carcinoma of the gallbladder. Trop Gastroenterol. 24(2):63-5, 2003
- Kokudo N et al: Strategies for surgical treatment of gallbladder carcinoma based on information available before resection. Arch Surg. 138(7):741-50; dis 750, 2003
- Misra S et al: Carcinoma of the gallbladder. Lancet Oncol. 4(3):167-76, 2003
- Pandey M: Risk factors for gallbladder cancer: a reappraisal. Eur J Cancer Prev. 12(1):15-24, 2003
- Yamamoto T et al: Early gallbladder carcinoma associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol. 38(7):704-6, 2003
- Yun EJ et al: Gallbladder carcinoma and chronic cholecystitis: differentiation with two-phase spiral CT. Abdom Imaging. 29(1):102-8, 2003
- Corvera CU et al: Role of laparoscopy in the evaluation of biliary tract cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 11(4):877-91, 2002
- Cunningham CC et al: Primary carcinoma of the gall bladder: a review of our experience. J La State Med Soc. 154(4):196-9, 2002
- Doty JR et al: Cholecystectomy, liver resection, and pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy for gallbladder cancer: report of five cases. J Gastrointest Surg. 6(5):776-80, 2002
- Gore RM et al: Imaging benign and malignant disease of the gallbladder. Radiol Clin North Am. 40(6):1307-23, vi, 2002
- Rashid A: Cellular and molecular biology of biliary tract cancers. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 11(4):995-1009, 2002
- Varshney S et al: Incidental carcinoma of the gallbladder. Eur J Surg Oncol. 28(1):4-10, 2002
- Xu AM et al: Multi-slice three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography: a new technique for diagnosis of biliary diseases. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 1(4):595-603, 2002
- Dixit VK et al: Aetiopathogenesis of carcinoma gallbladder. Trop Gastroenterol. 22(2):103-6, 2001
- Donohue JH: Present status of the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 8(6):530-4, 2001
- Eriguchi N et al: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Kurume Med J. 48(3):219-21, 2001
- Fujii H et al: Small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder: a case report and review of 53 cases in the literature. Hepatogastroenterology. 48(42):1588-93, 2001
- Kaushik SP: Current perspectives in gallbladder carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16(8):848-54, 2001
- Levy AD et al: Gallbladder carcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 21(2):295-314; questionnaire, 549-55, 2001
- Pandey M et al: Carcinoma of the gallbladder: a retrospective review of 99 cases. Dig Dis Sci. 46(6):1145-51, 2001
- Stewart CJ et al: Brush cytology in the assessment of pancreatico-biliary strictures: a review of 406 cases. J Clin Pathol. 54(6):449-55, 2001
- Tazuma S et al: Carcinogenesis of malignant lesions of the gall bladder. The impact of chronic inflammation and gallstones. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 386(3):224-9, 2001
- Towfigh S et al: Porcelain gallbladder is not associated with gallbladder carcinoma. Am Surg. 67(1):7-10, 2001
- Narula IM: Historical review of carcinoma of the gallbladder. Indian J Hist Med. 16:6-11, 1971
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KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from gallbladder (GB) mucosa
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- John S et al: Gallbladder cancer: imaging appearance and pitfalls in diagnosis. Can Assoc Radiol J. 71(4):448-58, 2020
- Wasnik AP et al: Diagnostic accuracy of MDCT in differentiating gallbladder cancer from acute and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Clin Imaging. 50:223-8, 2018
- Sandrasegaran K et al: Imaging and screening of cancer of the gallbladder and bile ducts. Radiol Clin North Am. 55(6):1211-22, 2017
- Hwang J et al: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for T-staging of gallbladder carcinoma: emphasis on liver invasion. Br J Radiol. 87(1033):20130608, 2014
- Kim SJ et al: Preoperative staging of gallbladder carcinoma using biliary MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 41(2):314-21, 2014
- Lee NK et al: Diffusion-weighted MRI for differentiation of benign from malignant lesions in the gallbladder. Clin Radiol. 69(2):e78-85, 2014
- Mitchell CH et al: Features suggestive of gallbladder malignancy: analysis of T1, T2, and T3 tumors on cross-sectional imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 38(2):235-41, 2014
- Ramos-Font C et al: Ability of FDG-PET/CT in the detection of gallbladder cancer. J Surg Oncol. 109(3):218-24, 2014
- Revzin MV et al: The gallbladder: uncommon gallbladder conditions and unusual presentations of the common gallbladder pathological processes. Abdom Imaging. 40(2):385-99, 2014
- Wernberg JA et al: Gallbladder cancer. Surg Clin North Am. 94(2):343-60, 2014
- Tan CH et al: MRI of gallbladder cancer. Diagn Interv Radiol. 19(4):312-9, 2013
- Yoshimitsu K et al: Magnetic resonance differentiation between T2 and T1 gallbladder carcinoma: significance of subserosal enhancement on the delayed phase dynamic study. Magn Reson Imaging. 30(6):854-9, 2012
- Randi G et al: Epidemiology of biliary tract cancers: an update. Ann Oncol. 20(1):146-59, 2009
- Catalano OA et al: MR imaging of the gallbladder: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 28(1):135-55; quiz 324, 2008
- Furlan A et al: Gallbladder carcinoma update: multimodality imaging evaluation, staging, and treatment options. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(5):1440-7, 2008
- Sainani NI et al: Cholangiocarcinoma: current and novel imaging techniques. Radiographics. 28(5):1263-87, 2008
- Enomoto T et al: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking stage IV gallbladder cancer. Hepatogastroenterology. 50(53):1255-8, 2003
- Goindi G et al: Risk factors in the aetiopathogenesis of carcinoma of the gallbladder. Trop Gastroenterol. 24(2):63-5, 2003
- Kokudo N et al: Strategies for surgical treatment of gallbladder carcinoma based on information available before resection. Arch Surg. 138(7):741-50; dis 750, 2003
- Misra S et al: Carcinoma of the gallbladder. Lancet Oncol. 4(3):167-76, 2003
- Pandey M: Risk factors for gallbladder cancer: a reappraisal. Eur J Cancer Prev. 12(1):15-24, 2003
- Yamamoto T et al: Early gallbladder carcinoma associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol. 38(7):704-6, 2003
- Yun EJ et al: Gallbladder carcinoma and chronic cholecystitis: differentiation with two-phase spiral CT. Abdom Imaging. 29(1):102-8, 2003
- Corvera CU et al: Role of laparoscopy in the evaluation of biliary tract cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 11(4):877-91, 2002
- Cunningham CC et al: Primary carcinoma of the gall bladder: a review of our experience. J La State Med Soc. 154(4):196-9, 2002
- Doty JR et al: Cholecystectomy, liver resection, and pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy for gallbladder cancer: report of five cases. J Gastrointest Surg. 6(5):776-80, 2002
- Gore RM et al: Imaging benign and malignant disease of the gallbladder. Radiol Clin North Am. 40(6):1307-23, vi, 2002
- Rashid A: Cellular and molecular biology of biliary tract cancers. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 11(4):995-1009, 2002
- Varshney S et al: Incidental carcinoma of the gallbladder. Eur J Surg Oncol. 28(1):4-10, 2002
- Xu AM et al: Multi-slice three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography: a new technique for diagnosis of biliary diseases. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 1(4):595-603, 2002
- Dixit VK et al: Aetiopathogenesis of carcinoma gallbladder. Trop Gastroenterol. 22(2):103-6, 2001
- Donohue JH: Present status of the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 8(6):530-4, 2001
- Eriguchi N et al: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Kurume Med J. 48(3):219-21, 2001
- Fujii H et al: Small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder: a case report and review of 53 cases in the literature. Hepatogastroenterology. 48(42):1588-93, 2001
- Kaushik SP: Current perspectives in gallbladder carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16(8):848-54, 2001
- Levy AD et al: Gallbladder carcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 21(2):295-314; questionnaire, 549-55, 2001
- Pandey M et al: Carcinoma of the gallbladder: a retrospective review of 99 cases. Dig Dis Sci. 46(6):1145-51, 2001
- Stewart CJ et al: Brush cytology in the assessment of pancreatico-biliary strictures: a review of 406 cases. J Clin Pathol. 54(6):449-55, 2001
- Tazuma S et al: Carcinogenesis of malignant lesions of the gall bladder. The impact of chronic inflammation and gallstones. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 386(3):224-9, 2001
- Towfigh S et al: Porcelain gallbladder is not associated with gallbladder carcinoma. Am Surg. 67(1):7-10, 2001
- Narula IM: Historical review of carcinoma of the gallbladder. Indian J Hist Med. 16:6-11, 1971
