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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Hydrops: Mucocele
- Empyema: Suppurative cholecystitis
Definitions
- Hydrops: Distention of gallbladder (GB) with watery mucoid material in absence of any underlying GB infection
- Most often on basis of chronic cystic duct obstruction or abnormal GB motility
- Content is usually sterile without GB inflammation
- Empyema: Pus-filled, inflamed, and distended GB secondary to acute cholecystitis with suppurative intraluminal infection
- Hydrops: Distention of gallbladder (GB) with watery mucoid material in absence of any underlying GB infection
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Yellamaty V et al: Kawasaki disease presenting as hydrops of the gallbladder. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 59(4-5):486-9, 2020
- Amarnath S et al: Spontaneous perforation of an acalculous hydropic gallbladder in a diabetic patient with neuropathy: an underdiagnosed entity. Gastroenterology Res. 12(6):315-9, 2019
- Sun Q et al: Gallbladder hydrops associated with kawasaki disease: a case report and literature review. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 57(3):341-3, 2018
- Mathai SS et al: Gall bladder hydrops - a rare initial presentation of Kawasaki disease. Indian J Pediatr. 80(7):616-7, 2013
- Brook OR et al: Lessons learned from quality assurance: errors in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis on ultrasound and CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 196(3):597-604, 2011
- Panico MR et al: Massive hydrops of the gallbladder mimicking a choledochal cyst. J Pediatr Surg. 46(5):1015-8, 2011
- Queiroz AB et al: Images in clinical medicine. Hydropic gallbladder. N Engl J Med. 364(20):e43, 2011
- Tongdee R et al: The value of MDCT scans in differentiation between benign and malignant gallbladder wall thickening. J Med Assoc Thai. 94(5):592-600, 2011
- Kawasaki F et al: Gallbladder edema in type 1 diabetic patient due to delayed-type insulin allergy. Intern Med. 48(17):1545-9, 2009
- Mahid SS et al: Meta-analysis of cholecystectomy in symptomatic patients with positive hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan results without gallstones. Arch Surg. 144(2):180-7, 2009
- Gurusamy KS et al: Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. (4):CD007196, 2008
- Misiakos EP et al: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy after open cholecystostomy for gallbladder empyema: a case report. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 17(5):655-8, 2007
- Nguyen DQ et al: A fatal case of MRSA septicaemia and gallbladder empyema. Int J Surg. 2(2):120-1, 2004
- Agrawal S et al: Gallstones, from gallbladder to gut. Management options for diverse complications. Postgrad Med. 108(3):143-6, 149-53, 2000
- Tseng LJ et al: Palliative percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage of gallbladder empyema before laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Hepatogastroenterology. 47(34):932-6, 2000
- Feretis CB et al: Endoscopic transpapillary drainage of gallbladder empyema. Gastrointest Endosc. 36(5):523-5, 1990
- Krogh J: Empyema of the gallbladder: a case with unusual presentation. Acta Chir Belg. 89(4):204-5, 1989
- Radder RW: Ultrasonically guided percutaneous catheter drainage for gallbladder empyema. Diagn Imaging. 49(6):330-3, 1980
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Hydrops: Mucocele
- Empyema: Suppurative cholecystitis
Definitions
- Hydrops: Distention of gallbladder (GB) with watery mucoid material in absence of any underlying GB infection
- Most often on basis of chronic cystic duct obstruction or abnormal GB motility
- Content is usually sterile without GB inflammation
- Empyema: Pus-filled, inflamed, and distended GB secondary to acute cholecystitis with suppurative intraluminal infection
- Hydrops: Distention of gallbladder (GB) with watery mucoid material in absence of any underlying GB infection
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Yellamaty V et al: Kawasaki disease presenting as hydrops of the gallbladder. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 59(4-5):486-9, 2020
- Amarnath S et al: Spontaneous perforation of an acalculous hydropic gallbladder in a diabetic patient with neuropathy: an underdiagnosed entity. Gastroenterology Res. 12(6):315-9, 2019
- Sun Q et al: Gallbladder hydrops associated with kawasaki disease: a case report and literature review. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 57(3):341-3, 2018
- Mathai SS et al: Gall bladder hydrops - a rare initial presentation of Kawasaki disease. Indian J Pediatr. 80(7):616-7, 2013
- Brook OR et al: Lessons learned from quality assurance: errors in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis on ultrasound and CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 196(3):597-604, 2011
- Panico MR et al: Massive hydrops of the gallbladder mimicking a choledochal cyst. J Pediatr Surg. 46(5):1015-8, 2011
- Queiroz AB et al: Images in clinical medicine. Hydropic gallbladder. N Engl J Med. 364(20):e43, 2011
- Tongdee R et al: The value of MDCT scans in differentiation between benign and malignant gallbladder wall thickening. J Med Assoc Thai. 94(5):592-600, 2011
- Kawasaki F et al: Gallbladder edema in type 1 diabetic patient due to delayed-type insulin allergy. Intern Med. 48(17):1545-9, 2009
- Mahid SS et al: Meta-analysis of cholecystectomy in symptomatic patients with positive hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan results without gallstones. Arch Surg. 144(2):180-7, 2009
- Gurusamy KS et al: Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. (4):CD007196, 2008
- Misiakos EP et al: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy after open cholecystostomy for gallbladder empyema: a case report. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 17(5):655-8, 2007
- Nguyen DQ et al: A fatal case of MRSA septicaemia and gallbladder empyema. Int J Surg. 2(2):120-1, 2004
- Agrawal S et al: Gallstones, from gallbladder to gut. Management options for diverse complications. Postgrad Med. 108(3):143-6, 149-53, 2000
- Tseng LJ et al: Palliative percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage of gallbladder empyema before laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Hepatogastroenterology. 47(34):932-6, 2000
- Feretis CB et al: Endoscopic transpapillary drainage of gallbladder empyema. Gastrointest Endosc. 36(5):523-5, 1990
- Krogh J: Empyema of the gallbladder: a case with unusual presentation. Acta Chir Belg. 89(4):204-5, 1989
- Radder RW: Ultrasonically guided percutaneous catheter drainage for gallbladder empyema. Diagn Imaging. 49(6):330-3, 1980
