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Ganglioglioma
Luke L. Linscott, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Abbreviations

                • Ganglioglioma (GG)
              • Definitions

                • Slow-growing neuroepithelial tumor composed of neoplastic ganglion & glial cells

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                • Microscopic Features

                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                  • Presentation

                                    • Demographics

                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                        • Treatment

                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                          • Consider

                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Pekmezci M et al: The genetic landscape of ganglioglioma. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 6(1):47, 2018
                                              2. Zaky W et al: Ganglioglioma in children and young adults: single institution experience and review of the literature. J Neurooncol. ePub, 2018
                                              3. Tandon V et al: Ganglioglioma: Single-institutional experience of 24 cases with review of literature. Asian J Neurosurg. 11(4):407-411, 2016
                                              4. Dudley RW et al: Pediatric low-grade ganglioglioma: epidemiology, treatments, and outcome analysis on 348 children from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. Neurosurgery. 76(3):313-9; discussion 319; quiz 319-20, 2015
                                              5. Haydon DH et al: Greater extent of resection improves ganglioglioma recurrence-free survival in children: a volumetric analysis. Neurosurgery. 75(1):37-42, 2014
                                              6. Santos MV et al: Approach to cortical dysplasia associated with glial and glioneuronal tumors (FCD type IIIb). Childs Nerv Syst. 30(11):1869-74, 2014
                                              7. Consales A et al: Glioneuronal tumors and epilepsy in children: seizure outcome related to lesionectomy. Minerva Pediatr. 65(6):609-16, 2013
                                              8. Deling L et al: Intraventricular ganglioglioma prognosis and hydrocephalus: the largest case series and systematic literature review. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 155(7):1253-60, 2013
                                              9. Englot DJ et al: Factors associated with seizure freedom in the surgical resection of glioneuronal tumors. Epilepsia. 53(1):51-7, 2012
                                              10. Southwell DG et al: Long-term seizure control outcomes after resection of gangliogliomas. Neurosurgery. 70(6):1406-13; discussion 1413-4, 2012
                                              11. Ogiwara H et al: Pediatric epileptogenic gangliogliomas: seizure outcome and surgical results. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 5(3):271-6, 2010
                                              12. Alexiou GA et al: Benign lesions accompanied by intractable epilepsy in children. J Child Neurol. 24(6):697-700, 2009
                                              13. Allende DS et al: The expanding family of glioneuronal tumors. Adv Anat Pathol. 16(1):33-9, 2009
                                              14. Karremann M et al: Anaplastic ganglioglioma in children. J Neurooncol. 92(2):157-63, 2009
                                              15. Adachi Y et al: Gangliogliomas: Characteristic imaging findings and role in the temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuroradiology. 50(10):829-34, 2008
                                              16. Majores M et al: Tumor recurrence and malignant progression of gangliogliomas. Cancer. 113(12):3355-63, 2008
                                              17. Park YS et al: Factors contributing to resectability and seizure outcomes in 44 patients with ganglioglioma. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 110(7):667-73, 2008
                                              18. Zhang D et al: Intracranial ganglioglioma: clinicopathological and MRI findings in 16 patients. Clin Radiol. 63(1):80-91, 2008
                                              19. Law M et al: Conventional MR imaging with simultaneous measurements of cerebral blood volume and vascular permeability in ganglioglioma. Magn Reson Imaging. 22(5):599-606, 2004
                                              20. Im SH et al: Intracranial ganglioglioma: preoperative characteristics and oncologic outcome after surgery. J Neurooncol. 59(2):173-83, 2002
                                              21. Hayashi Y et al: Malignant transformation of a gangliocytoma/ganglioglioma into a glioblastoma multiforme: a molecular genetic analysis. Case report. J Neurosurg. 95(1):138-42, 2001
                                              22. Provenzale JM et al: Comparison of patient age with MR imaging features of gangliogliomas. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174(3):859-62, 2000
                                              23. Matsumoto K et al: Cerebral gangliogliomas: clinical characteristics, CT and MRI. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 141(2):135-41, 1999
                                              24. Provenzale JM et al: Gangliogliomas: characterization by registered positron emission tomography-MR images. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(4):1103-7, 1999
                                              25. Kincaid PK et al: Cerebral gangliogliomas: preoperative grading using FDG-PET and 201Tl-SPECT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(5):801-6, 1998
                                              Related Anatomy
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                                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                              References
                                              Tables

                                              Tables

                                              KEY FACTS

                                              • Terminology

                                                • Imaging

                                                  • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                    • Pathology

                                                      • Clinical Issues

                                                        • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                          TERMINOLOGY

                                                          • Abbreviations

                                                            • Ganglioglioma (GG)
                                                          • Definitions

                                                            • Slow-growing neuroepithelial tumor composed of neoplastic ganglion & glial cells

                                                          IMAGING

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • CT Findings

                                                              • MR Findings

                                                                • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                                      • General Features

                                                                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                              • Presentation

                                                                                • Demographics

                                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                      • Consider

                                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                          Selected References

                                                                                          1. Pekmezci M et al: The genetic landscape of ganglioglioma. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 6(1):47, 2018
                                                                                          2. Zaky W et al: Ganglioglioma in children and young adults: single institution experience and review of the literature. J Neurooncol. ePub, 2018
                                                                                          3. Tandon V et al: Ganglioglioma: Single-institutional experience of 24 cases with review of literature. Asian J Neurosurg. 11(4):407-411, 2016
                                                                                          4. Dudley RW et al: Pediatric low-grade ganglioglioma: epidemiology, treatments, and outcome analysis on 348 children from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. Neurosurgery. 76(3):313-9; discussion 319; quiz 319-20, 2015
                                                                                          5. Haydon DH et al: Greater extent of resection improves ganglioglioma recurrence-free survival in children: a volumetric analysis. Neurosurgery. 75(1):37-42, 2014
                                                                                          6. Santos MV et al: Approach to cortical dysplasia associated with glial and glioneuronal tumors (FCD type IIIb). Childs Nerv Syst. 30(11):1869-74, 2014
                                                                                          7. Consales A et al: Glioneuronal tumors and epilepsy in children: seizure outcome related to lesionectomy. Minerva Pediatr. 65(6):609-16, 2013
                                                                                          8. Deling L et al: Intraventricular ganglioglioma prognosis and hydrocephalus: the largest case series and systematic literature review. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 155(7):1253-60, 2013
                                                                                          9. Englot DJ et al: Factors associated with seizure freedom in the surgical resection of glioneuronal tumors. Epilepsia. 53(1):51-7, 2012
                                                                                          10. Southwell DG et al: Long-term seizure control outcomes after resection of gangliogliomas. Neurosurgery. 70(6):1406-13; discussion 1413-4, 2012
                                                                                          11. Ogiwara H et al: Pediatric epileptogenic gangliogliomas: seizure outcome and surgical results. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 5(3):271-6, 2010
                                                                                          12. Alexiou GA et al: Benign lesions accompanied by intractable epilepsy in children. J Child Neurol. 24(6):697-700, 2009
                                                                                          13. Allende DS et al: The expanding family of glioneuronal tumors. Adv Anat Pathol. 16(1):33-9, 2009
                                                                                          14. Karremann M et al: Anaplastic ganglioglioma in children. J Neurooncol. 92(2):157-63, 2009
                                                                                          15. Adachi Y et al: Gangliogliomas: Characteristic imaging findings and role in the temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuroradiology. 50(10):829-34, 2008
                                                                                          16. Majores M et al: Tumor recurrence and malignant progression of gangliogliomas. Cancer. 113(12):3355-63, 2008
                                                                                          17. Park YS et al: Factors contributing to resectability and seizure outcomes in 44 patients with ganglioglioma. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 110(7):667-73, 2008
                                                                                          18. Zhang D et al: Intracranial ganglioglioma: clinicopathological and MRI findings in 16 patients. Clin Radiol. 63(1):80-91, 2008
                                                                                          19. Law M et al: Conventional MR imaging with simultaneous measurements of cerebral blood volume and vascular permeability in ganglioglioma. Magn Reson Imaging. 22(5):599-606, 2004
                                                                                          20. Im SH et al: Intracranial ganglioglioma: preoperative characteristics and oncologic outcome after surgery. J Neurooncol. 59(2):173-83, 2002
                                                                                          21. Hayashi Y et al: Malignant transformation of a gangliocytoma/ganglioglioma into a glioblastoma multiforme: a molecular genetic analysis. Case report. J Neurosurg. 95(1):138-42, 2001
                                                                                          22. Provenzale JM et al: Comparison of patient age with MR imaging features of gangliogliomas. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174(3):859-62, 2000
                                                                                          23. Matsumoto K et al: Cerebral gangliogliomas: clinical characteristics, CT and MRI. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 141(2):135-41, 1999
                                                                                          24. Provenzale JM et al: Gangliogliomas: characterization by registered positron emission tomography-MR images. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(4):1103-7, 1999
                                                                                          25. Kincaid PK et al: Cerebral gangliogliomas: preoperative grading using FDG-PET and 201Tl-SPECT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(5):801-6, 1998