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Gastric Metastases and Lymphoma
Atif Zaheer, MD, FSARMichael P. Federle, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Imaging

    • Top Differential Diagnoses

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          • Diagnostic Checklist

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Definitions

              • Metastases from primary extragastric cancer
              • Lymphoma: Malignant gastric tumor of B lymphocytes

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Fluoroscopic Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • Ultrasonographic Findings

                    • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                • Microscopic Features

                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                  • Presentation

                                    • Demographics

                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                        • Treatment

                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                          • Consider

                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Ren Y et al: Multiple metabolic parameters and visual assessment of 18F-FDG uptake heterogeneity of PET/CT in advanced gastric cancer and primary gastric lymphoma. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(11):3569-80, 2020
                                              2. Juárez-Salcedo LM et al: Primary gastric lymphoma, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, and treatment. cancer control. 25(1):1073274818778256, 2018
                                              3. Ikoma N et al: Multimodality treatment of gastric lymphoma. Surg Clin North Am. 97(2):405-20, 2017
                                              4. Ma Z et al: CT-based radiomics signature for differentiating Borrmann type IV gastric cancer from primary gastric lymphoma. Eur J Radiol. 91:142-7, 2017
                                              5. Davis BS et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of primary gastric lymphoma. J Nucl Med Technol. 44(4):263-4, 2016
                                              6. Li XF et al: (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography comparison of gastric lymphoma and gastric carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 22(34):7787-96, 2016
                                              7. Fischbach W: MALT lymphoma: forget surgery? Dig Dis. 31(1):38-42, 2013
                                              8. Burke JS: Lymphoproliferative disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: a review and pragmatic guide to diagnosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 135(10):1283-97, 2011
                                              9. Kobayashi A et al: MR imaging of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver. J Gastrointest Surg. 15(7):1282-5, 2011
                                              10. Hargunani R et al: Cross-sectional imaging of gastric neoplasia. Clin Radiol. 64(4):420-9, 2009
                                              11. Gollub MJ: Imaging of gastrointestinal lymphoma. Radiol Clin North Am. 46(2):287-312, ix, 2008
                                              12. Santacroce L et al: Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric MALTomas: an up-to-date and therapy highlight. Clin Ter. 159(6):457-62, 2008
                                              13. Ba-Ssalamah A et al: Dedicated multidetector CT of the stomach: spectrum of diseases. Radiographics. 23(3):625-44, 2003
                                              14. Horton KM et al: Current role of CT in imaging of the stomach. Radiographics. 23(1):75-87, 2003
                                              15. Park MS et al: Radiographic findings of primary B-cell lymphoma of the stomach: low-grade versus high-grade malignancy in relation to the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue concept. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 179(5):1297-304, 2002
                                              16. Fishman EK et al: CT of the stomach: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 16(5):1035-54, 1996
                                              17. McDermott VG et al: Malignant melanoma metastatic to the gastrointestinal tract. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 166(4):809-13, 1996
                                              18. Feczko PJ et al: Metastatic disease involving the gastrointestinal tract. Radiol Clin North Am. 31(6):1359-73, 1993
                                              Related Anatomy
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                                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                              References
                                              Tables

                                              Tables

                                              KEY FACTS

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                  • Pathology

                                                    • Clinical Issues

                                                      • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                                        • Definitions

                                                          • Metastases from primary extragastric cancer
                                                          • Lymphoma: Malignant gastric tumor of B lymphocytes

                                                        IMAGING

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Fluoroscopic Findings

                                                            • CT Findings

                                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                                • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                                      • General Features

                                                                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                              • Presentation

                                                                                • Demographics

                                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                      • Consider

                                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                          Selected References

                                                                                          1. Ren Y et al: Multiple metabolic parameters and visual assessment of 18F-FDG uptake heterogeneity of PET/CT in advanced gastric cancer and primary gastric lymphoma. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(11):3569-80, 2020
                                                                                          2. Juárez-Salcedo LM et al: Primary gastric lymphoma, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, and treatment. cancer control. 25(1):1073274818778256, 2018
                                                                                          3. Ikoma N et al: Multimodality treatment of gastric lymphoma. Surg Clin North Am. 97(2):405-20, 2017
                                                                                          4. Ma Z et al: CT-based radiomics signature for differentiating Borrmann type IV gastric cancer from primary gastric lymphoma. Eur J Radiol. 91:142-7, 2017
                                                                                          5. Davis BS et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of primary gastric lymphoma. J Nucl Med Technol. 44(4):263-4, 2016
                                                                                          6. Li XF et al: (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography comparison of gastric lymphoma and gastric carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 22(34):7787-96, 2016
                                                                                          7. Fischbach W: MALT lymphoma: forget surgery? Dig Dis. 31(1):38-42, 2013
                                                                                          8. Burke JS: Lymphoproliferative disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: a review and pragmatic guide to diagnosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 135(10):1283-97, 2011
                                                                                          9. Kobayashi A et al: MR imaging of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver. J Gastrointest Surg. 15(7):1282-5, 2011
                                                                                          10. Hargunani R et al: Cross-sectional imaging of gastric neoplasia. Clin Radiol. 64(4):420-9, 2009
                                                                                          11. Gollub MJ: Imaging of gastrointestinal lymphoma. Radiol Clin North Am. 46(2):287-312, ix, 2008
                                                                                          12. Santacroce L et al: Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric MALTomas: an up-to-date and therapy highlight. Clin Ter. 159(6):457-62, 2008
                                                                                          13. Ba-Ssalamah A et al: Dedicated multidetector CT of the stomach: spectrum of diseases. Radiographics. 23(3):625-44, 2003
                                                                                          14. Horton KM et al: Current role of CT in imaging of the stomach. Radiographics. 23(1):75-87, 2003
                                                                                          15. Park MS et al: Radiographic findings of primary B-cell lymphoma of the stomach: low-grade versus high-grade malignancy in relation to the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue concept. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 179(5):1297-304, 2002
                                                                                          16. Fishman EK et al: CT of the stomach: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 16(5):1035-54, 1996
                                                                                          17. McDermott VG et al: Malignant melanoma metastatic to the gastrointestinal tract. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 166(4):809-13, 1996
                                                                                          18. Feczko PJ et al: Metastatic disease involving the gastrointestinal tract. Radiol Clin North Am. 31(6):1359-73, 1993