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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Giant cell tumor (GCT)
Definitions
- Locally aggressive neoplasm composed of osteoclast-like giant cells
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Montgomery C et al: Giant cell tumor of bone: review of current literature, evaluation, and treatment options. J Knee Surg. 32(4):331-6, 2019
- Jamshidi K et al: Denosumab in patients with giant cell tumor and its recurrence: a systematic review. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 6(4):260-8, 2018
- Noh BJ et al: Giant cell tumor of bone: updated molecular pathogenesis and tumor biology. Hum Pathol. 81:1-8, 2018
- Chakarun CJ et al: Giant cell tumor of bone: review, mimics, and new developments in treatment. Radiographics. 33(1):197-211, 2013
- Raskin KA et al: Giant cell tumor of bone. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 21(2):118-26, 2013
- Boriani S et al: Giant cell tumor of the mobile spine: a review of 49 cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 37(1):E37-45, 2012
- Branstetter DG et al: Denosumab induces tumor reduction and bone formation in patients with giant-cell tumor of bone. Clin Cancer Res. 18(16):4415-24, 2012
- Zbojniewicz AM et al: Neoplastic disease of the vertebral column: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 39(2):74-90, 2010
- Gerber S et al: Imaging of sacral tumours. Skeletal Radiol. 37(4):277-89, 2008
- Luther N et al: Giant cell tumor of the spine. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 19(1):49-55, 2008
- Kwon JW et al: MRI findings of giant cell tumors of the spine. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 189(1):246-50, 2007
- Bertoni F et al: Malignancy in giant cell tumor of bone. Cancer. 97(10):2520-9, 2003
- Garcia-Bravo A et al: Secondary tetraplegia due to giant-cell tumors of the cervical spine. Neurochirurgie. 48(6):527-32, 2002
- Lackman RD et al: The treatment of sacral giant-cell tumours by serial arterial embolisation. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 84(6):873-7, 2002
- Murphey MD et al: From the archives of AFIP. Imaging of giant cell tumor and giant cell reparative granuloma of bone: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 21(5):1283-309, 2001
- Manaster BJ et al: Giant cell tumors of bone. Radiol Clin North Am. 31(2):299-323, 1993
- Schütte HE et al: Giant cell tumor in children and adolescents. Skeletal Radiol. 22(3):173-6, 1993
- Tubbs WS et al: Benign giant-cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases: clinical findings and radiologic appearance of metastases in 13 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 158(2):331-4, 1992
- Aoki J et al: Giant cell tumors of bone containing large amounts of hemosiderin: MR-pathologic correlation. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 15(6):1024-7, 1991
- Bridge JA et al: Cytogenetic findings and biologic behavior of giant cell tumors of bone. Cancer. 65(12):2697-703, 1990
- Carrasco CH et al: Giant cell tumors. Orthop Clin North Am. 20(3):395-405, 1989
- Meis JM et al: Primary malignant giant cell tumor of bone: "dedifferentiated" giant cell tumor. Mod Pathol. 2(5):541-6, 1989
- Mirra JM et al: Bone tumors: Clinical, radiologic and pathologic correlations. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Lea & Feibiger. 942-1019, 1989
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Giant cell tumor (GCT)
Definitions
- Locally aggressive neoplasm composed of osteoclast-like giant cells
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Montgomery C et al: Giant cell tumor of bone: review of current literature, evaluation, and treatment options. J Knee Surg. 32(4):331-6, 2019
- Jamshidi K et al: Denosumab in patients with giant cell tumor and its recurrence: a systematic review. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 6(4):260-8, 2018
- Noh BJ et al: Giant cell tumor of bone: updated molecular pathogenesis and tumor biology. Hum Pathol. 81:1-8, 2018
- Chakarun CJ et al: Giant cell tumor of bone: review, mimics, and new developments in treatment. Radiographics. 33(1):197-211, 2013
- Raskin KA et al: Giant cell tumor of bone. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 21(2):118-26, 2013
- Boriani S et al: Giant cell tumor of the mobile spine: a review of 49 cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 37(1):E37-45, 2012
- Branstetter DG et al: Denosumab induces tumor reduction and bone formation in patients with giant-cell tumor of bone. Clin Cancer Res. 18(16):4415-24, 2012
- Zbojniewicz AM et al: Neoplastic disease of the vertebral column: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 39(2):74-90, 2010
- Gerber S et al: Imaging of sacral tumours. Skeletal Radiol. 37(4):277-89, 2008
- Luther N et al: Giant cell tumor of the spine. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 19(1):49-55, 2008
- Kwon JW et al: MRI findings of giant cell tumors of the spine. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 189(1):246-50, 2007
- Bertoni F et al: Malignancy in giant cell tumor of bone. Cancer. 97(10):2520-9, 2003
- Garcia-Bravo A et al: Secondary tetraplegia due to giant-cell tumors of the cervical spine. Neurochirurgie. 48(6):527-32, 2002
- Lackman RD et al: The treatment of sacral giant-cell tumours by serial arterial embolisation. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 84(6):873-7, 2002
- Murphey MD et al: From the archives of AFIP. Imaging of giant cell tumor and giant cell reparative granuloma of bone: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 21(5):1283-309, 2001
- Manaster BJ et al: Giant cell tumors of bone. Radiol Clin North Am. 31(2):299-323, 1993
- Schütte HE et al: Giant cell tumor in children and adolescents. Skeletal Radiol. 22(3):173-6, 1993
- Tubbs WS et al: Benign giant-cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases: clinical findings and radiologic appearance of metastases in 13 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 158(2):331-4, 1992
- Aoki J et al: Giant cell tumors of bone containing large amounts of hemosiderin: MR-pathologic correlation. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 15(6):1024-7, 1991
- Bridge JA et al: Cytogenetic findings and biologic behavior of giant cell tumors of bone. Cancer. 65(12):2697-703, 1990
- Carrasco CH et al: Giant cell tumors. Orthop Clin North Am. 20(3):395-405, 1989
- Meis JM et al: Primary malignant giant cell tumor of bone: "dedifferentiated" giant cell tumor. Mod Pathol. 2(5):541-6, 1989
- Mirra JM et al: Bone tumors: Clinical, radiologic and pathologic correlations. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Lea & Feibiger. 942-1019, 1989
