Gonadoblastoma: Contains both stromal and germ cell elements
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Khanna M et al: Diagnostic performance of multi-parametric MRI to differentiate benign sex cord stromal tumors from malignant (non-stromal and stromal) testicular neoplasms. Abdom Radiol (NY). 46(1):31-330, 2020
Tsili AC et al: MRI of testicular malignancies. Abdom Radiol (NY). 44(3):1070-82, 2019
Maxwell F et al: Colour Doppler and ultrasound characteristics of testicular Leydig cell tumours. Br J Radiol. 89(1062):20160089, 2016
Manganaro L et al: A prospective study on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of testicular lesions: distinctive features of Leydig cell tumours. Eur Radiol. 25(12):3586-95, 2015
Leylek AM et al: Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis. Ultrasound Q. 30(3):219-20, 2014
Tsitouridis I et al: Eleven patients with testicular leydig cell tumors: clinical, imaging, and pathologic correlation. J Ultrasound Med. 33(10):1855-64, 2014
Tsitouridis I et al: Adult type granulosa cell tumor of the testis: Radiological evaluation and review of the literature. Turk J Urol. 40(2):115-9, 2014
Miliaras D et al: Adult type granulosa cell tumor: a very rare case of sex-cord tumor of the testis with review of the literature. Case Rep Pathol. 2013:932086, 2013
Cantisani V et al: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic (CEUS) and elastosonographic features of a case of testicular Leydig tumor. Ultraschall Med. 33(5):407-9, 2012
Leonhartsberger N et al: Increased incidence of Leydig cell tumours of the testis in the era of improved imaging techniques. BJU Int. 108(10):1603-7, 2011
Tallen G et al: High reliability of scrotal ultrasonography in the management of childhood primary testicular neoplasms. Klin Padiatr. 223(3):131-7, 2011
Zugor V et al: Congenital juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis in newborns. Anticancer Res. 30(5):1731-4, 2010
Sajadi KP et al: Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor of the rete testis. Adv Urol. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2612754, 2009
Peterson C et al: Prenatal diagnosis of juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis. J Pediatr Urol. 4(6):472-4, 2008
Maizlin ZV et al: Leydig cell tumors of the testis: gray scale and color Doppler sonographic appearance. J Ultrasound Med. 23(7):959-64, 2004
Carmignani L et al: High incidence of benign testicular neoplasms diagnosed by ultrasound. J Urol. 170(5):1783-6, 2003
Woodward PJ et al: From the archives of the AFIP: tumors and tumorlike lesions of the testis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 22(1):189-216, 2002
Ulbright TM et al. Tumors of the testis, adnexa, spermatic cord, and scrotum. In: Atlas of Tumor Pathology. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 1–290, 1999
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Gonadal stromal tumors (GSTs)
Synonyms
Also called non-germ cell tumors, interstitial cell tumors, or sex cord tumors
Definitions
Neoplasm arising from non-germ cell elements
Leydig cell tumor (LCT): Arises from interstitial cells
Gonadoblastoma: Contains both stromal and germ cell elements
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Khanna M et al: Diagnostic performance of multi-parametric MRI to differentiate benign sex cord stromal tumors from malignant (non-stromal and stromal) testicular neoplasms. Abdom Radiol (NY). 46(1):31-330, 2020
Tsili AC et al: MRI of testicular malignancies. Abdom Radiol (NY). 44(3):1070-82, 2019
Maxwell F et al: Colour Doppler and ultrasound characteristics of testicular Leydig cell tumours. Br J Radiol. 89(1062):20160089, 2016
Manganaro L et al: A prospective study on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of testicular lesions: distinctive features of Leydig cell tumours. Eur Radiol. 25(12):3586-95, 2015
Leylek AM et al: Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis. Ultrasound Q. 30(3):219-20, 2014
Tsitouridis I et al: Eleven patients with testicular leydig cell tumors: clinical, imaging, and pathologic correlation. J Ultrasound Med. 33(10):1855-64, 2014
Tsitouridis I et al: Adult type granulosa cell tumor of the testis: Radiological evaluation and review of the literature. Turk J Urol. 40(2):115-9, 2014
Miliaras D et al: Adult type granulosa cell tumor: a very rare case of sex-cord tumor of the testis with review of the literature. Case Rep Pathol. 2013:932086, 2013
Cantisani V et al: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic (CEUS) and elastosonographic features of a case of testicular Leydig tumor. Ultraschall Med. 33(5):407-9, 2012
Leonhartsberger N et al: Increased incidence of Leydig cell tumours of the testis in the era of improved imaging techniques. BJU Int. 108(10):1603-7, 2011
Tallen G et al: High reliability of scrotal ultrasonography in the management of childhood primary testicular neoplasms. Klin Padiatr. 223(3):131-7, 2011
Zugor V et al: Congenital juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis in newborns. Anticancer Res. 30(5):1731-4, 2010
Sajadi KP et al: Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor of the rete testis. Adv Urol. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2612754, 2009
Peterson C et al: Prenatal diagnosis of juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testis. J Pediatr Urol. 4(6):472-4, 2008
Maizlin ZV et al: Leydig cell tumors of the testis: gray scale and color Doppler sonographic appearance. J Ultrasound Med. 23(7):959-64, 2004
Carmignani L et al: High incidence of benign testicular neoplasms diagnosed by ultrasound. J Urol. 170(5):1783-6, 2003
Woodward PJ et al: From the archives of the AFIP: tumors and tumorlike lesions of the testis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 22(1):189-216, 2002
Ulbright TM et al. Tumors of the testis, adnexa, spermatic cord, and scrotum. In: Atlas of Tumor Pathology. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 1–290, 1999
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