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KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Disease characterized by formation of granulomas, either infectious or noninfectious
- Sarcoidosis, mycobacterial infections, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, chronic granulomatous disease
- Disease characterized by formation of granulomas, either infectious or noninfectious
IMAGING
General Features
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Radiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Pabón L et al: Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic challenge of sarcoidosis. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 38(5):322-4, 2019
- Papiris SA et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT in pulmonary sarcoidosis:Quantifying inflammation by the TLG index. Expert Rev Respir Med. 1-8, 2019
- Akaike G et al: PET/CT in the diagnosis and workup of sarcoidosis: Focus on atypical manifestations. Radiographics. 38(5):1536-49, 2018
- Larici AR et al: Radiological and nuclear medicine imaging of sarcoidosis. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 62(1):14-33, 2018
- Malinowska E et al: The use of 67Ga scintigraphy in patients with sarcoidosis. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur. 21(1):59-65, 2018
- Albano D et al: Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients affected by Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Jpn J Radiol. 35(10):574-83, 2017
- Ankrah AO et al: PET/CT imaging of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Clin Transl Imaging. 4:131-44, 2016
- Skoura E et al: Imaging in tuberculosis. Int J Infect Dis. 32:87-93, 2015
- Society of Nuclear Medicine. Procedure Guideline for Gallium Scintigraphy in Inflammation, Version 3.0. http://snmmi.files.cms-plus.com/docs/Gallium_Scintigraphy_in_Inflammation_v3.pdf. Approved June 2, 2004. Accessed August 3, 2015
- Baughman RP et al: Medical therapy of sarcoidosis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 35(3):391-406, 2014
- Castañer E et al: Imaging findings in pulmonary vasculitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 33(6):567-79, 2012
- Oksüz MO et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis in a patient with bilateral inflammatory involvement of the parotid and lacrimal glands (panda sign) and bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy (lambda sign). Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 38(3):603, 2011
- Chung SY et al: 18F-FDG PET imaging of progressive massive fibrosis. Ann Nucl Med. 24(1):21-7, 2010
- Criado E et al: Pulmonary sarcoidosis: typical and atypical manifestations at high-resolution CT with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 30(6):1567-86, 2010
- Hirschmann JV et al: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a historical, clinical, and radiologic review. Radiographics. 29(7):1921-38, 2009
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Disease characterized by formation of granulomas, either infectious or noninfectious
- Sarcoidosis, mycobacterial infections, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, chronic granulomatous disease
- Disease characterized by formation of granulomas, either infectious or noninfectious
IMAGING
General Features
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Radiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Pabón L et al: Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic challenge of sarcoidosis. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 38(5):322-4, 2019
- Papiris SA et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT in pulmonary sarcoidosis:Quantifying inflammation by the TLG index. Expert Rev Respir Med. 1-8, 2019
- Akaike G et al: PET/CT in the diagnosis and workup of sarcoidosis: Focus on atypical manifestations. Radiographics. 38(5):1536-49, 2018
- Larici AR et al: Radiological and nuclear medicine imaging of sarcoidosis. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 62(1):14-33, 2018
- Malinowska E et al: The use of 67Ga scintigraphy in patients with sarcoidosis. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur. 21(1):59-65, 2018
- Albano D et al: Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients affected by Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Jpn J Radiol. 35(10):574-83, 2017
- Ankrah AO et al: PET/CT imaging of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Clin Transl Imaging. 4:131-44, 2016
- Skoura E et al: Imaging in tuberculosis. Int J Infect Dis. 32:87-93, 2015
- Society of Nuclear Medicine. Procedure Guideline for Gallium Scintigraphy in Inflammation, Version 3.0. http://snmmi.files.cms-plus.com/docs/Gallium_Scintigraphy_in_Inflammation_v3.pdf. Approved June 2, 2004. Accessed August 3, 2015
- Baughman RP et al: Medical therapy of sarcoidosis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 35(3):391-406, 2014
- Castañer E et al: Imaging findings in pulmonary vasculitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 33(6):567-79, 2012
- Oksüz MO et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis in a patient with bilateral inflammatory involvement of the parotid and lacrimal glands (panda sign) and bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy (lambda sign). Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 38(3):603, 2011
- Chung SY et al: 18F-FDG PET imaging of progressive massive fibrosis. Ann Nucl Med. 24(1):21-7, 2010
- Criado E et al: Pulmonary sarcoidosis: typical and atypical manifestations at high-resolution CT with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 30(6):1567-86, 2010
- Hirschmann JV et al: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a historical, clinical, and radiologic review. Radiographics. 29(7):1921-38, 2009
