Bookmarks
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Implant or prosthesis failure
Definitions
- Mechanical breakdown or malfunction of hardware
- Pseudoarthrosis, subsidence
- Mechanical breakdown or malfunction of hardware
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Sellin JN et al: Feasibility and safety of using thoracic and lumbar cortical bone trajectory pedicle screws in spinal constructs in children: technical note. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 21(2):190-6, 2018
- Dogan S et al: Rod migration to the thoracic subarachnoid space after C1-2 instrumentation: a case report and literature review. Orthop Surg. 9(1):129-32, 2017
- Singh B et al: Laminar screw fixation of the axis in the pediatric population: a series of eight patients. Spine J. 15(2):e17-25, 2015
- Mazur MD et al: Avoiding early complications and reoperation during occipitocervical fusion in pediatric patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 14(5):465-75, 2014
- Petscavage-Thomas JM et al: Imaging current spine hardware: part 1, cervical spine and fracture fixation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(2):394-405, 2014
- Willson MC et al: Postoperative spine complications. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 24(2):305-26, 2014
- Botolin S et al: Aseptic loosening of pedicle screw as a result of metal wear debris in a pediatric patient. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 38(1):E38-42, 2013
- Cahill KS et al: Prevalence, complications, and hospital charges associated with use of bone-morphogenetic proteins in spinal fusion procedures. JAMA. 302(1):58-66, 2009
- Murtagh RD et al: Normal and abnormal imaging findings in lumbar total disk replacement: devices and complications. Radiographics. 29(1):105-18, 2009
- Park JB et al: Timing of development of adjacent-level ossification after anterior cervical arthrodesis with plates. Spine J. 7(6):633-6, 2007
- Rutherford EE et al: Lumbar spine fusion and stabilization: hardware, techniques, and imaging appearances. Radiographics. 27(6):1737-49, 2007
- Park JB et al: Development of adjacent-level ossification in patients with an anterior cervical plate. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 87(3):558-63, 2005
- Cannada LK et al: Pseudoarthrosis of the cervical spine: a comparison of radiographic diagnostic measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 28(1):46-51, 2003
- Singh SK et al: Occipitocervical reconstruction with the Ohio Medical Instruments Loop: results of a multicenter evaluation in 30 cases. J Neurosurg. 98(3 Suppl):239-46, 2003
- Bagchi K et al: Hardware complications in scoliosis surgery. Pediatr Radiol. 32(7):465-75, 2002
- Apfelbaum RI et al: Direct anterior screw fixation for recent and remote odontoid fractures. J Neurosurg. 93(2 Suppl):227-36, 2000
- Deckey JE et al: Loss of sagittal plane correction after removal of spinal implants. Spine. 25(19):2453-60, 2000
- Glassman SD et al: The durability of small-diameter rods in lumbar spinal fusion. J Spinal Disord. 13(2):165-7, 2000
- Geiger F et al: Complications of scoliosis surgery in children with myelomeningocele. Eur Spine J. 8(1):22-6, 1999
- Wetzel FT et al: Hardware failure in an unconstrained lumbar pedicle screw system. A 2-year follow-up study. Spine. 24(11):1138-43, 1999
- Lowery GL et al: The significance of hardware failure in anterior cervical plate fixation. Patients with 2- to 7-year follow-up. Spine. 15;23(2):181-6; discussion 186-7, 1998
- Masferrer R et al: Efficacy of pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of spinal instability and failed back surgery: a 5-year review. J Neurosurg. 89(3):371-7, 1998
- Wellman BJ et al: Complications of posterior articular mass plate fixation of the subaxial cervical spine in 43 consecutive patients. Spine. 23(2):193-200, 1998
- Shapiro SA et al: Spinal instrumentation with a low complication rate. Surg Neurol. 48(6):566-74, 1997
- Paramore CG et al: Radiographic and clinical follow-up review of Caspar plates in 49 patients. J Neurosurg. 84(6):957-61, 1996
- Blumenthal S et al: Complications of the Wiltse Pedicle Screw Fixation System. Spine. 18(13):1867-71, 1993
- Guidera KJ et al: Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. Results in 52 patients. Spine. 18(4):427-31, 1993
- McLain RF et al: Early failure of short-segment pedicle instrumentation for thoracolumbar fractures. A preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 75(2):162-7, 1993
- Slone RM et al: Spinal fixation. Part 3. Complications of spinal instrumentation. Radiographics. 13(4):797-816, 1993
- Wilkinson RH et al: Radiographic evaluation of the spine after surgical correction of scoliosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 133(4):703-9, 1979
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Implant or prosthesis failure
Definitions
- Mechanical breakdown or malfunction of hardware
- Pseudoarthrosis, subsidence
- Mechanical breakdown or malfunction of hardware
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Sellin JN et al: Feasibility and safety of using thoracic and lumbar cortical bone trajectory pedicle screws in spinal constructs in children: technical note. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 21(2):190-6, 2018
- Dogan S et al: Rod migration to the thoracic subarachnoid space after C1-2 instrumentation: a case report and literature review. Orthop Surg. 9(1):129-32, 2017
- Singh B et al: Laminar screw fixation of the axis in the pediatric population: a series of eight patients. Spine J. 15(2):e17-25, 2015
- Mazur MD et al: Avoiding early complications and reoperation during occipitocervical fusion in pediatric patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 14(5):465-75, 2014
- Petscavage-Thomas JM et al: Imaging current spine hardware: part 1, cervical spine and fracture fixation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(2):394-405, 2014
- Willson MC et al: Postoperative spine complications. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 24(2):305-26, 2014
- Botolin S et al: Aseptic loosening of pedicle screw as a result of metal wear debris in a pediatric patient. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 38(1):E38-42, 2013
- Cahill KS et al: Prevalence, complications, and hospital charges associated with use of bone-morphogenetic proteins in spinal fusion procedures. JAMA. 302(1):58-66, 2009
- Murtagh RD et al: Normal and abnormal imaging findings in lumbar total disk replacement: devices and complications. Radiographics. 29(1):105-18, 2009
- Park JB et al: Timing of development of adjacent-level ossification after anterior cervical arthrodesis with plates. Spine J. 7(6):633-6, 2007
- Rutherford EE et al: Lumbar spine fusion and stabilization: hardware, techniques, and imaging appearances. Radiographics. 27(6):1737-49, 2007
- Park JB et al: Development of adjacent-level ossification in patients with an anterior cervical plate. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 87(3):558-63, 2005
- Cannada LK et al: Pseudoarthrosis of the cervical spine: a comparison of radiographic diagnostic measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 28(1):46-51, 2003
- Singh SK et al: Occipitocervical reconstruction with the Ohio Medical Instruments Loop: results of a multicenter evaluation in 30 cases. J Neurosurg. 98(3 Suppl):239-46, 2003
- Bagchi K et al: Hardware complications in scoliosis surgery. Pediatr Radiol. 32(7):465-75, 2002
- Apfelbaum RI et al: Direct anterior screw fixation for recent and remote odontoid fractures. J Neurosurg. 93(2 Suppl):227-36, 2000
- Deckey JE et al: Loss of sagittal plane correction after removal of spinal implants. Spine. 25(19):2453-60, 2000
- Glassman SD et al: The durability of small-diameter rods in lumbar spinal fusion. J Spinal Disord. 13(2):165-7, 2000
- Geiger F et al: Complications of scoliosis surgery in children with myelomeningocele. Eur Spine J. 8(1):22-6, 1999
- Wetzel FT et al: Hardware failure in an unconstrained lumbar pedicle screw system. A 2-year follow-up study. Spine. 24(11):1138-43, 1999
- Lowery GL et al: The significance of hardware failure in anterior cervical plate fixation. Patients with 2- to 7-year follow-up. Spine. 15;23(2):181-6; discussion 186-7, 1998
- Masferrer R et al: Efficacy of pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of spinal instability and failed back surgery: a 5-year review. J Neurosurg. 89(3):371-7, 1998
- Wellman BJ et al: Complications of posterior articular mass plate fixation of the subaxial cervical spine in 43 consecutive patients. Spine. 23(2):193-200, 1998
- Shapiro SA et al: Spinal instrumentation with a low complication rate. Surg Neurol. 48(6):566-74, 1997
- Paramore CG et al: Radiographic and clinical follow-up review of Caspar plates in 49 patients. J Neurosurg. 84(6):957-61, 1996
- Blumenthal S et al: Complications of the Wiltse Pedicle Screw Fixation System. Spine. 18(13):1867-71, 1993
- Guidera KJ et al: Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. Results in 52 patients. Spine. 18(4):427-31, 1993
- McLain RF et al: Early failure of short-segment pedicle instrumentation for thoracolumbar fractures. A preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 75(2):162-7, 1993
- Slone RM et al: Spinal fixation. Part 3. Complications of spinal instrumentation. Radiographics. 13(4):797-816, 1993
- Wilkinson RH et al: Radiographic evaluation of the spine after surgical correction of scoliosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 133(4):703-9, 1979
