Most effective therapy for treatment of end-stage heart failure
Most often performed for nonischemic cardiomyopathy, followed by ischemic cardiomyopathy
Most common complications
Infection
Acute allograft rejection
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV)
Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Imran M et al: Native T1 mapping in the diagnosis of cardiac allograft rejection: a prospective histologically validated study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 12(8 Pt 2):1618-28, 2019
Smith JD et al: Evaluation after orthotopic heart transplant: what the radiologist should know. Radiographics. 39(2):321-43, 2019
Olymbios M et al: Imaging in heart transplant patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 11(10):1514-30, 2018
Clemmensen TS et al: Left ventricular global longitudinal strain predicts major adverse cardiac events and all-cause mortality in heart transplant patients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 36(5):567-76, 2017
Badano LP et al: European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging/Cardiovascular Imaging Department of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology recommendations for the use of cardiac imaging to assess and follow patients after heart transplantation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 16(9):919-48, 2015
Stehlik J et al: The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twenty-seventh official adult heart transplant report--2010. J Heart Lung Transplant. 29(10):1089-103, 2010
Estep JD et al: The role of multimodality cardiac imaging in the transplanted heart. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2(9):1126-40, 2009
Bogot NR et al: Cardiac CT of the transplanted heart: indications, technique, appearance, and complications. Radiographics. 27(5):1297-309, 2007
Gregory SA et al: Comparison of sixty-four-slice multidetector computed tomographic coronary angiography to coronary angiography with intravascular ultrasound for the detection of transplant vasculopathy. Am J Cardiol. 98(7):877-84, 2006
Nikolaou K et al: Morphological and functional magnetic resonance imaging after heterotopic heart transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 78(3):1064-6, 2004
Almenar L et al: Utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of heart transplant rejection. Transplant Proc. 35(5):1962-4, 2003
Farzaneh-Far A: Electron-beam computed tomography in the assessment of coronary artery disease after heart transplantation. Circulation. 103(10):E60, 2001
Marie PY et al: Detection and prediction of acute heart transplant rejection with the myocardial T2 determination provided by a black-blood magnetic resonance imaging sequence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 37(3):825-31, 2001
Rinaldi M et al: Neoplastic disease after heart transplantation: single center experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 19(5):696-701, 2001
Aranda JM Jr et al: Cardiac transplant vasculopathy. Chest. 118(6):1792-800, 2000
Bellenger NG et al: Left ventricular function and mass after orthotopic heart transplantation: a comparison of cardiovascular magnetic resonance with echocardiography. J Heart Lung Transplant. 19(5):444-52, 2000
Knollmann FD et al: CT of heart transplant recipients: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 20(6):1637-48, 2000
Knisely BL et al: Imaging of cardiac transplantation complications. Radiographics. 19(2):321-39; discussion 340-1, 1999
Haramati LB et al: Lung nodules and masses after cardiac transplantation. Radiology. 188(2):491-7, 1993
Henry DA et al: Orthotopic cardiac transplantation: evaluation with CT. Radiology. 170(2):343-50, 1989
Adey CK et al: Heterotopic heart transplantation: a radiographic review. Radiographics. 7(1):151-60, 1987
Aherne T et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of cardiac transplants: the evaluation of rejection of cardiac allografts with and without immunosuppression. Circulation. 74(1):145-56, 1986
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Most effective therapy for treatment of end-stage heart failure
Most often performed for nonischemic cardiomyopathy, followed by ischemic cardiomyopathy
Most common complications
Infection
Acute allograft rejection
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV)
Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Imran M et al: Native T1 mapping in the diagnosis of cardiac allograft rejection: a prospective histologically validated study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 12(8 Pt 2):1618-28, 2019
Smith JD et al: Evaluation after orthotopic heart transplant: what the radiologist should know. Radiographics. 39(2):321-43, 2019
Olymbios M et al: Imaging in heart transplant patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 11(10):1514-30, 2018
Clemmensen TS et al: Left ventricular global longitudinal strain predicts major adverse cardiac events and all-cause mortality in heart transplant patients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 36(5):567-76, 2017
Badano LP et al: European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging/Cardiovascular Imaging Department of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology recommendations for the use of cardiac imaging to assess and follow patients after heart transplantation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 16(9):919-48, 2015
Stehlik J et al: The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twenty-seventh official adult heart transplant report--2010. J Heart Lung Transplant. 29(10):1089-103, 2010
Estep JD et al: The role of multimodality cardiac imaging in the transplanted heart. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2(9):1126-40, 2009
Bogot NR et al: Cardiac CT of the transplanted heart: indications, technique, appearance, and complications. Radiographics. 27(5):1297-309, 2007
Gregory SA et al: Comparison of sixty-four-slice multidetector computed tomographic coronary angiography to coronary angiography with intravascular ultrasound for the detection of transplant vasculopathy. Am J Cardiol. 98(7):877-84, 2006
Nikolaou K et al: Morphological and functional magnetic resonance imaging after heterotopic heart transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 78(3):1064-6, 2004
Almenar L et al: Utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of heart transplant rejection. Transplant Proc. 35(5):1962-4, 2003
Farzaneh-Far A: Electron-beam computed tomography in the assessment of coronary artery disease after heart transplantation. Circulation. 103(10):E60, 2001
Marie PY et al: Detection and prediction of acute heart transplant rejection with the myocardial T2 determination provided by a black-blood magnetic resonance imaging sequence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 37(3):825-31, 2001
Rinaldi M et al: Neoplastic disease after heart transplantation: single center experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 19(5):696-701, 2001
Aranda JM Jr et al: Cardiac transplant vasculopathy. Chest. 118(6):1792-800, 2000
Bellenger NG et al: Left ventricular function and mass after orthotopic heart transplantation: a comparison of cardiovascular magnetic resonance with echocardiography. J Heart Lung Transplant. 19(5):444-52, 2000
Knollmann FD et al: CT of heart transplant recipients: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 20(6):1637-48, 2000
Knisely BL et al: Imaging of cardiac transplantation complications. Radiographics. 19(2):321-39; discussion 340-1, 1999
Haramati LB et al: Lung nodules and masses after cardiac transplantation. Radiology. 188(2):491-7, 1993
Henry DA et al: Orthotopic cardiac transplantation: evaluation with CT. Radiology. 170(2):343-50, 1989
Adey CK et al: Heterotopic heart transplantation: a radiographic review. Radiographics. 7(1):151-60, 1987
Aherne T et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of cardiac transplants: the evaluation of rejection of cardiac allografts with and without immunosuppression. Circulation. 74(1):145-56, 1986
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