Cloacal malformation (CM): Confluence of rectum vagina and urethra into single common channel
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Tanitame K et al: Congenital anomalies causing hemato/hydrocolpos: imaging findings, treatments, and outcomes. Jpn J Radiol. ePub, 2021
Teo SY et al: A systematic approach to imaging the pelvis in amenorrhea. Abdom Radiol (NY). ePub, 2021
Wang YF et al: Mimics of malignancy caused by concurrent imperforate hymen and transverse vaginal septum: an instructive case and review of the literature. J Int Med Res. 49(5):3000605211014797, 2021
Sakhel K et al: Begin with the basics: role of 3-dimensional sonography as a first-line imaging technique in the cost-effective evaluation of gynecologic pelvic disease. J Ultrasound Med. 32(3):381-8, 2013
Behr SC et al: Imaging of müllerian duct anomalies. Radiographics. 32(6):E233-50, 2012
Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
Drakonaki EE et al: Hematocolpometra due to an imperforate hymen presenting with back pain: sonographic diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med. 29(2):321-2, 2010
Junqueira BL et al: Müllerian duct anomalies and mimics in children and adolescents: correlative intraoperative assessment with clinical imaging. Radiographics. 29(4):1085-103, 2009
Johnston-MacAnanny EB et al: Diagnosis and treatment of a communicating uterus didelphys with an atretic hemivagina: utility of 3-dimensional and intraoperative sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 27(6):975-8, 2008
Orazi C et al: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: uterus didelphys, blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Sonographic and MR findings in 11 cases. Pediatr Radiol. 37(7):657-65, 2007
Dane C et al: Imperforate hymen-a rare cause of abdominal pain: two cases and review of the literature. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 20(4):245-7, 2007
Sherer DM et al: Acquired hematometra and hematotrachelos in an adolescent with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Ultrasound Med. 25(12):1599-602, 2006
Prada Arias M et al: Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and multicystic dysplastic kidney. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 15(6):441-5, 2005
Warne SA et al: Long-term gynecological outcome of patients with persistent cloaca. J Urol. 170(4 Pt 2):1493-6, 2003
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Hematometra (HM): Distention of uterine cavity by blood products
Hematocolpos (HC): Distention of vagina by blood products
Hematometrocolpos: Distention of uterus and vagina by accumulated blood
Müllerian duct anomaly (MDA): Series of uterine malformations as result of abnormal fusion of müllerian ducts
Cloacal malformation (CM): Confluence of rectum vagina and urethra into single common channel
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Tanitame K et al: Congenital anomalies causing hemato/hydrocolpos: imaging findings, treatments, and outcomes. Jpn J Radiol. ePub, 2021
Teo SY et al: A systematic approach to imaging the pelvis in amenorrhea. Abdom Radiol (NY). ePub, 2021
Wang YF et al: Mimics of malignancy caused by concurrent imperforate hymen and transverse vaginal septum: an instructive case and review of the literature. J Int Med Res. 49(5):3000605211014797, 2021
Sakhel K et al: Begin with the basics: role of 3-dimensional sonography as a first-line imaging technique in the cost-effective evaluation of gynecologic pelvic disease. J Ultrasound Med. 32(3):381-8, 2013
Behr SC et al: Imaging of müllerian duct anomalies. Radiographics. 32(6):E233-50, 2012
Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
Drakonaki EE et al: Hematocolpometra due to an imperforate hymen presenting with back pain: sonographic diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med. 29(2):321-2, 2010
Junqueira BL et al: Müllerian duct anomalies and mimics in children and adolescents: correlative intraoperative assessment with clinical imaging. Radiographics. 29(4):1085-103, 2009
Johnston-MacAnanny EB et al: Diagnosis and treatment of a communicating uterus didelphys with an atretic hemivagina: utility of 3-dimensional and intraoperative sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 27(6):975-8, 2008
Orazi C et al: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: uterus didelphys, blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Sonographic and MR findings in 11 cases. Pediatr Radiol. 37(7):657-65, 2007
Dane C et al: Imperforate hymen-a rare cause of abdominal pain: two cases and review of the literature. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 20(4):245-7, 2007
Sherer DM et al: Acquired hematometra and hematotrachelos in an adolescent with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Ultrasound Med. 25(12):1599-602, 2006
Prada Arias M et al: Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and multicystic dysplastic kidney. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 15(6):441-5, 2005
Warne SA et al: Long-term gynecological outcome of patients with persistent cloaca. J Urol. 170(4 Pt 2):1493-6, 2003
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