Vascular compression of facial nerve at its root exit zone (REZ) within cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern causing ipsilateral hemifacial spasm
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Hughes MA et al: Imaging predictors of successful surgical treatment of hemifacial spasm. Brain Commun. 3(3):fcab146, 2021
Yan X et al: Anatomical deviations of vertebral artery in hemifacial spasm: a quantitative study. Surg Radiol Anat. 43(2):291-9, 2021
Chen SR: Neurological imaging for hemifacial spasm. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 58(1):97-109, 2018
Ghali MGZ et al: Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 58(1):111-21, 2018
Hermier M: Imaging of hemifacial spasm. Neurochirurgie. 64(2):117-23, 2018
Lefaucheur JP et al: Diagnosis of primary hemifacial spasm. Neurochirurgie. 64(2):82-86, 2018
Haller S et al: Imaging of neurovascular compression syndromes: trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, vestibular paroxysmia, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 37(8):1384-92, 2016
Chaudhry N et al: Hemifacial spasm: The past, present and future. J Neurol Sci. 356(1-2):27-31, 2015
Lu AY et al: Hemifacial spasm and neurovascular compression. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014:349319, 2014
El Refaee E et al: Value of 3-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in detecting the offending vessel in hemifacial spasm: comparison with intraoperative high definition endoscopic visualization. Neurosurgery. 73(1):58-67; discussion 67, 2013
Li Y et al: Surgical treatment of hemifacial spasm with zone-4 offending vessel. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 155(5):849-53, 2013
Mehanna R et al: Movement disorders in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. J Neurol Sci. 328(1-2):1-8, 2013
Chang CS et al: Gamma Knife surgery for hemifacial spasm related to cerebellopontine angle tumors. J Neurosurg. 117 Suppl:170-4, 2012
Garcia M et al: High-resolution 3D-constructive interference in steady-state MR imaging and 3D time-of-flight MR angiography in neurovascular compression: a comparison between 3T and 1.5T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 33(7):1251-6, 2012
Rosenstengel C et al: Hemifacial spasm: conservative and surgical treatment options. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 109(41):667-73, 2012
Dannenbaum M et al: Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: long-term results from 114 operations performed without neurophysiological monitoring. J Neurosurg. 109(3):410-5, 2008
Huh R et al: Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: analyses of operative complications in 1582 consecutive patients. Surg Neurol. 69(2):153-7; discussion 157, 2008
Kakizawa Y et al: Anatomical study of the trigeminal and facial cranial nerves with the aid of 3.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurosurg. 108(3):483-90, 2008
Takao T et al: Three-dimensional visualization of neurovascular compression: presurgical use of virtual endoscopy created from magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosurgery. 63(1 Suppl 1):ONS139-45; discussion ONS145-6, 2008
Tokucoglu F et al: Hemifacial spasm in correlation with electrophysiological and radiological findings. Acta Neurol Belg. 108(3):94-8, 2008
Yuan Y et al: Microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasm: report of 1200 cases. Chin Med J (Engl). 118(10):833-6, 2005
Miwa H et al: Familial hemifacial spasm: report of cases and review of literature. J Neurol Sci. 193(2):97-102, 2002
Jost WH et al: Botulinum toxin: evidence-based medicine criteria in blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. J Neurol. 248 Suppl 1:21-4, 2001
Lee MS et al: Clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance cisternography in patients having hemifacial spasm. Yonsei Med J. 42(4):390-4, 2001
Yamakami I et al: Preoperative assessment of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm using constructive interference in steady state-three-dimensional Fourier transformation magnetic resonance imaging. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 40(11):545-55; discussion 555-6, 2000
Mitsuoka H et al: Delineation of small nerves and blood vessels with three-dimensional fast spin-echo MR imaging: comparison of presurgical and surgical findings in patients with hemifacial spasm. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(10):1823-9, 1998
Vascular compression of facial nerve at its root exit zone (REZ) within cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern causing ipsilateral hemifacial spasm
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Hughes MA et al: Imaging predictors of successful surgical treatment of hemifacial spasm. Brain Commun. 3(3):fcab146, 2021
Yan X et al: Anatomical deviations of vertebral artery in hemifacial spasm: a quantitative study. Surg Radiol Anat. 43(2):291-9, 2021
Chen SR: Neurological imaging for hemifacial spasm. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 58(1):97-109, 2018
Ghali MGZ et al: Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 58(1):111-21, 2018
Hermier M: Imaging of hemifacial spasm. Neurochirurgie. 64(2):117-23, 2018
Lefaucheur JP et al: Diagnosis of primary hemifacial spasm. Neurochirurgie. 64(2):82-86, 2018
Haller S et al: Imaging of neurovascular compression syndromes: trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, vestibular paroxysmia, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 37(8):1384-92, 2016
Chaudhry N et al: Hemifacial spasm: The past, present and future. J Neurol Sci. 356(1-2):27-31, 2015
Lu AY et al: Hemifacial spasm and neurovascular compression. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014:349319, 2014
El Refaee E et al: Value of 3-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in detecting the offending vessel in hemifacial spasm: comparison with intraoperative high definition endoscopic visualization. Neurosurgery. 73(1):58-67; discussion 67, 2013
Li Y et al: Surgical treatment of hemifacial spasm with zone-4 offending vessel. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 155(5):849-53, 2013
Mehanna R et al: Movement disorders in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. J Neurol Sci. 328(1-2):1-8, 2013
Chang CS et al: Gamma Knife surgery for hemifacial spasm related to cerebellopontine angle tumors. J Neurosurg. 117 Suppl:170-4, 2012
Garcia M et al: High-resolution 3D-constructive interference in steady-state MR imaging and 3D time-of-flight MR angiography in neurovascular compression: a comparison between 3T and 1.5T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 33(7):1251-6, 2012
Rosenstengel C et al: Hemifacial spasm: conservative and surgical treatment options. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 109(41):667-73, 2012
Dannenbaum M et al: Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: long-term results from 114 operations performed without neurophysiological monitoring. J Neurosurg. 109(3):410-5, 2008
Huh R et al: Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: analyses of operative complications in 1582 consecutive patients. Surg Neurol. 69(2):153-7; discussion 157, 2008
Kakizawa Y et al: Anatomical study of the trigeminal and facial cranial nerves with the aid of 3.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurosurg. 108(3):483-90, 2008
Takao T et al: Three-dimensional visualization of neurovascular compression: presurgical use of virtual endoscopy created from magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosurgery. 63(1 Suppl 1):ONS139-45; discussion ONS145-6, 2008
Tokucoglu F et al: Hemifacial spasm in correlation with electrophysiological and radiological findings. Acta Neurol Belg. 108(3):94-8, 2008
Yuan Y et al: Microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasm: report of 1200 cases. Chin Med J (Engl). 118(10):833-6, 2005
Miwa H et al: Familial hemifacial spasm: report of cases and review of literature. J Neurol Sci. 193(2):97-102, 2002
Jost WH et al: Botulinum toxin: evidence-based medicine criteria in blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. J Neurol. 248 Suppl 1:21-4, 2001
Lee MS et al: Clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance cisternography in patients having hemifacial spasm. Yonsei Med J. 42(4):390-4, 2001
Yamakami I et al: Preoperative assessment of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm using constructive interference in steady state-three-dimensional Fourier transformation magnetic resonance imaging. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 40(11):545-55; discussion 555-6, 2000
Mitsuoka H et al: Delineation of small nerves and blood vessels with three-dimensional fast spin-echo MR imaging: comparison of presurgical and surgical findings in patients with hemifacial spasm. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(10):1823-9, 1998
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