Thrombotic microangiopathy typically occurring after gastrointestinal infection with Shiga toxin-producing bacteria (classically Escherichia coli O157:H7)
Clinical triad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, & acute renal failure following severe diarrhea
Atypical form (HUS without coexisting disease) often due to dysregulation in alternative complement pathway
Diarrhea less common; ↑ mortality
IMAGING
General Features
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Cody EM et al: Hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Clin North Am. 66(1):235-46, 2019
Herrmann J et al: Diffusion-weighted imaging of the kidneys in haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Eur Radiol. 27(11):4591-601, 2017
Löbel U et al: Cerebral hemodynamics in patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome assessed by susceptibility weighted imaging and four-dimensional non-contrast MR angiography. PLoS One. 11(11):e0164863, 2016
Reising A et al: Ultrasound findings in EHEC-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome and their clinical relevance. Int Urol Nephrol. 48(4):561-70, 2016
Agarwal R et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy and cerebral vasoconstriction in a patient with hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 50(5):518-21, 2014
Hofer J et al: Extra-renal manifestations of complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathies. Front Pediatr. 2:97, 2014
Kaplan BS et al: Current treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 3(2):34-45, 2014
Gitiaux C et al: Brain magnetic resonance imaging pattern and outcome in children with haemolytic-uraemic syndrome and neurological impairment treated with eculizumab. Dev Med Child Neurol. 55(8):758-65, 2013
Glatstein M et al: Timing and utility of ultrasound in diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: 7-year experience of a large tertiary care hospital. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 49(5):418-21, 2010
Toldo I et al: Diffusion-weighted imaging findings in hemolytic uremic syndrome with central nervous system involvement. J Child Neurol. 24(2):247-50, 2009
Scholbach TM: Changes of renal flow volume in the hemolytic-uremic syndrome--color Doppler sonographic investigations. Pediatr Nephrol. 16(8):644-7, 2001
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
Definitions
Thrombotic microangiopathy typically occurring after gastrointestinal infection with Shiga toxin-producing bacteria (classically Escherichia coli O157:H7)
Clinical triad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, & acute renal failure following severe diarrhea
Atypical form (HUS without coexisting disease) often due to dysregulation in alternative complement pathway
Diarrhea less common; ↑ mortality
IMAGING
General Features
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Cody EM et al: Hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Clin North Am. 66(1):235-46, 2019
Herrmann J et al: Diffusion-weighted imaging of the kidneys in haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Eur Radiol. 27(11):4591-601, 2017
Löbel U et al: Cerebral hemodynamics in patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome assessed by susceptibility weighted imaging and four-dimensional non-contrast MR angiography. PLoS One. 11(11):e0164863, 2016
Reising A et al: Ultrasound findings in EHEC-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome and their clinical relevance. Int Urol Nephrol. 48(4):561-70, 2016
Agarwal R et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy and cerebral vasoconstriction in a patient with hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 50(5):518-21, 2014
Hofer J et al: Extra-renal manifestations of complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathies. Front Pediatr. 2:97, 2014
Kaplan BS et al: Current treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 3(2):34-45, 2014
Gitiaux C et al: Brain magnetic resonance imaging pattern and outcome in children with haemolytic-uraemic syndrome and neurological impairment treated with eculizumab. Dev Med Child Neurol. 55(8):758-65, 2013
Glatstein M et al: Timing and utility of ultrasound in diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: 7-year experience of a large tertiary care hospital. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 49(5):418-21, 2010
Toldo I et al: Diffusion-weighted imaging findings in hemolytic uremic syndrome with central nervous system involvement. J Child Neurol. 24(2):247-50, 2009
Scholbach TM: Changes of renal flow volume in the hemolytic-uremic syndrome--color Doppler sonographic investigations. Pediatr Nephrol. 16(8):644-7, 2001
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