Hemorrhage into cystic space in ovarian parenchyma
Most common at time of ovulation → hemorrhagic corpus luteum (HCL)
May occur into follicular cyst
Acute hemorrhage may occur into established endometrioma
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Dawood MT et al: Adnexal torsion: review of radiologic appearances. Radiographics. 41(2):609-24, 2021
Andreotti RF et al: O-RADS US risk stratification and management system: a consensus guideline from the ACR Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Committee. Radiology. 294(1):168-85, 2020
Ayyala RS et al: Pelvic pain in the middle of the night: use of MRI for evaluation of pediatric female pathology in the emergent setting. Emerg Radiol. 24(6):681-8, 2017
Iraha Y et al: CT and MR imaging of gynecologic emergencies. Radiographics. 37(5):1569-86, 2017
Nakamura M et al: Postnatal outcome in cases of prenatally diagnosed fetal ovarian cysts under conservative prenatal management. Fetal Diagn Ther. 37(2):129-34, 2014
Valentin L et al: Risk of malignancy in unilocular cysts: a study of 1148 adnexal masses classified as unilocular cysts at transvaginal ultrasound and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 41(1):80-9, 2013
Wasnik AP et al: Multimodality imaging of ovarian cystic lesions: review with an imaging based algorithmic approach. World J Radiol. 5(3):113-25, 2013
Laing FC et al: US of the ovary and adnexa: to worry or not to worry? Radiographics. 32(6):1621-39; discussion 1640-2, 2012
Patel MD: Pitfalls in the sonographic evaluation of adnexal masses. Ultrasound Q. 28(1):29-40, 2012
Alcázar JL et al: Diagnostic performance of transvaginal gray-scale ultrasound for specific diagnosis of benign ovarian cysts in relation to menopausal status. Maturitas. 68(2):182-8, 2011
Ding Z et al: Sonographic value in diagnosis of hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 31(1):87-9, 2010
Levine D et al: Management of asymptomatic ovarian and other adnexal cysts imaged at US: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference statement. Radiology. 256(3):943-54, 2010
Spinelli C et al: Hemorrhagic corpus luteum cysts: an unusual problem for pediatric surgeons. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 22(3):163-7, 2009
Patel MD et al: The likelihood ratio of sonographic findings for the diagnosis of hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. J Ultrasound Med. 24(5):607-14; quiz 615, 2005
Swire MN et al: Various sonographic appearances of the hemorrhagic corpus luteum cyst. Ultrasound Q. 20(2):45-58, 2004
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst (HOC)
Definitions
Hemorrhage into cystic space in ovarian parenchyma
Most common at time of ovulation → hemorrhagic corpus luteum (HCL)
May occur into follicular cyst
Acute hemorrhage may occur into established endometrioma
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Dawood MT et al: Adnexal torsion: review of radiologic appearances. Radiographics. 41(2):609-24, 2021
Andreotti RF et al: O-RADS US risk stratification and management system: a consensus guideline from the ACR Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Committee. Radiology. 294(1):168-85, 2020
Ayyala RS et al: Pelvic pain in the middle of the night: use of MRI for evaluation of pediatric female pathology in the emergent setting. Emerg Radiol. 24(6):681-8, 2017
Iraha Y et al: CT and MR imaging of gynecologic emergencies. Radiographics. 37(5):1569-86, 2017
Nakamura M et al: Postnatal outcome in cases of prenatally diagnosed fetal ovarian cysts under conservative prenatal management. Fetal Diagn Ther. 37(2):129-34, 2014
Valentin L et al: Risk of malignancy in unilocular cysts: a study of 1148 adnexal masses classified as unilocular cysts at transvaginal ultrasound and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 41(1):80-9, 2013
Wasnik AP et al: Multimodality imaging of ovarian cystic lesions: review with an imaging based algorithmic approach. World J Radiol. 5(3):113-25, 2013
Laing FC et al: US of the ovary and adnexa: to worry or not to worry? Radiographics. 32(6):1621-39; discussion 1640-2, 2012
Patel MD: Pitfalls in the sonographic evaluation of adnexal masses. Ultrasound Q. 28(1):29-40, 2012
Alcázar JL et al: Diagnostic performance of transvaginal gray-scale ultrasound for specific diagnosis of benign ovarian cysts in relation to menopausal status. Maturitas. 68(2):182-8, 2011
Ding Z et al: Sonographic value in diagnosis of hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 31(1):87-9, 2010
Levine D et al: Management of asymptomatic ovarian and other adnexal cysts imaged at US: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference statement. Radiology. 256(3):943-54, 2010
Spinelli C et al: Hemorrhagic corpus luteum cysts: an unusual problem for pediatric surgeons. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 22(3):163-7, 2009
Patel MD et al: The likelihood ratio of sonographic findings for the diagnosis of hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. J Ultrasound Med. 24(5):607-14; quiz 615, 2005
Swire MN et al: Various sonographic appearances of the hemorrhagic corpus luteum cyst. Ultrasound Q. 20(2):45-58, 2004
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