Benign tumor composed of multiple vascular channels lined by single layer of endothelial cells supported by thin, fibrous stroma
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kim YY et al: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for differentiating hepatic sclerosing hemangioma from malignant tumor. Eur J Radiol. 135:109474, 2021
Song S et al: Hypervascular hepatic focal lesions on dynamic contrast-enhanced CT: preliminary data from arterial phase scans texture analysis for classification. Clin Radiol. 74(8):653.e11-8, 2019
Al Farai A et al: Giant pedunculated hepatic hemangioma: a case report and literature review. Case Rep Oncol. 11(2):476-84, 2018
Choi J et al: Hepatic cavernous hemangiomas: long-term (> 5 years) follow-up changes on contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and determinant factors of the size change. Radiol Med. 123(5):323-30, 2018
Grazioli L et al: Primary benign liver lesions. Eur J Radiol. 95:378-98, 2017
Husainy MA et al: Typical and atypical benign liver lesions: a review. Clin Imaging. 44:79-91, 2017
Thampy R et al: Imaging features of rare mesenchymal liver tumors: beyond hemangiomas. Br J Radiol. 20170373, 2017
Miyamoto S et al: Hepatic sclerosed hemangioma: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Surg. 15:45, 2015
Cogley JR et al: MR imaging of benign focal liver lesions. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(4):657-82, 2014
Klotz T et al: Hepatic haemangioma: common and uncommon imaging features. Diagn Interv Imaging. 94(9):849-59, 2013
Marin D et al: Focal nodular hyperplasia-like lesions in patients with cavernous transformation of the portal vein: prevalence, MR findings and natural history. Eur Radiol. 21(10):2074-82, 2011
Szurowska E et al: Is hepatotropic contrast enhanced MR a more effective method in differential diagnosis of hemangioma than multi-phase CT and unenhanced MR? BMC Gastroenterol. 11:43, 2011
van Malenstein H et al: Giant liver hemangioma: the role of female sex hormones and treatment. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 23(5):438-43, 2011
Colagrande S et al: Transient hepatic attenuation differences and focal liver lesions: sump effect due to primary arterial hyperperfusion. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 33(2):259-65, 2009
Sugimoto K et al: Computer-aided diagnosis of focal liver lesions by use of physicians' subjective classification of echogenic patterns in baseline and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Acad Radiol. 16(4):401-11, 2009
Erturk SM et al: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for characterization of focal liver masses: impact of parallel imaging (SENSE) and b value. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 32(6):865-71, 2008
Regier TS et al: Pediatric hepatic hemangioma. Radiographics. 24(6):1719-24, 2004
Danet IM et al: Giant hemangioma of the liver: MR imaging characteristics in 24 patients. Magn Reson Imaging. 21(2):95-101, 2003
Kumano S et al: Using superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI to differentiate metastatic hepatic tumors and nonsolid benign lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 181(5):1335-9, 2003
Brancatelli G et al: Hemangioma in the cirrhotic liver: diagnosis and natural history. Radiology. 219(1):69-74, 2001
Kim T et al: Discrimination of small hepatic hemangiomas from hypervascular malignant tumors smaller than 3 cm with three-phase helical CT. Radiology. 219(3):699-706, 2001
Jeong MG et al: Hepatic cavernous hemangioma: temporal peritumoral enhancement during multiphase dynamic MR imaging. Radiology. 216(3):692-7, 2000
Vilgrain V et al: Imaging of atypical hemangiomas of the liver with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 20(2):379-97, 2000
Leslie DF et al: Distinction between cavernous hemangiomas of the liver and hepatic metastases on CT: value of contrast enhancement patterns. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 164(3):625-9, 1995
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Cavernous hemangioma of liver
Capillary hemangioma (small lesion)
Definitions
Benign tumor composed of multiple vascular channels lined by single layer of endothelial cells supported by thin, fibrous stroma
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kim YY et al: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for differentiating hepatic sclerosing hemangioma from malignant tumor. Eur J Radiol. 135:109474, 2021
Song S et al: Hypervascular hepatic focal lesions on dynamic contrast-enhanced CT: preliminary data from arterial phase scans texture analysis for classification. Clin Radiol. 74(8):653.e11-8, 2019
Al Farai A et al: Giant pedunculated hepatic hemangioma: a case report and literature review. Case Rep Oncol. 11(2):476-84, 2018
Choi J et al: Hepatic cavernous hemangiomas: long-term (> 5 years) follow-up changes on contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and determinant factors of the size change. Radiol Med. 123(5):323-30, 2018
Grazioli L et al: Primary benign liver lesions. Eur J Radiol. 95:378-98, 2017
Husainy MA et al: Typical and atypical benign liver lesions: a review. Clin Imaging. 44:79-91, 2017
Thampy R et al: Imaging features of rare mesenchymal liver tumors: beyond hemangiomas. Br J Radiol. 20170373, 2017
Miyamoto S et al: Hepatic sclerosed hemangioma: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Surg. 15:45, 2015
Cogley JR et al: MR imaging of benign focal liver lesions. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(4):657-82, 2014
Klotz T et al: Hepatic haemangioma: common and uncommon imaging features. Diagn Interv Imaging. 94(9):849-59, 2013
Marin D et al: Focal nodular hyperplasia-like lesions in patients with cavernous transformation of the portal vein: prevalence, MR findings and natural history. Eur Radiol. 21(10):2074-82, 2011
Szurowska E et al: Is hepatotropic contrast enhanced MR a more effective method in differential diagnosis of hemangioma than multi-phase CT and unenhanced MR? BMC Gastroenterol. 11:43, 2011
van Malenstein H et al: Giant liver hemangioma: the role of female sex hormones and treatment. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 23(5):438-43, 2011
Colagrande S et al: Transient hepatic attenuation differences and focal liver lesions: sump effect due to primary arterial hyperperfusion. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 33(2):259-65, 2009
Sugimoto K et al: Computer-aided diagnosis of focal liver lesions by use of physicians' subjective classification of echogenic patterns in baseline and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Acad Radiol. 16(4):401-11, 2009
Erturk SM et al: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for characterization of focal liver masses: impact of parallel imaging (SENSE) and b value. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 32(6):865-71, 2008
Regier TS et al: Pediatric hepatic hemangioma. Radiographics. 24(6):1719-24, 2004
Danet IM et al: Giant hemangioma of the liver: MR imaging characteristics in 24 patients. Magn Reson Imaging. 21(2):95-101, 2003
Kumano S et al: Using superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI to differentiate metastatic hepatic tumors and nonsolid benign lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 181(5):1335-9, 2003
Brancatelli G et al: Hemangioma in the cirrhotic liver: diagnosis and natural history. Radiology. 219(1):69-74, 2001
Kim T et al: Discrimination of small hepatic hemangiomas from hypervascular malignant tumors smaller than 3 cm with three-phase helical CT. Radiology. 219(3):699-706, 2001
Jeong MG et al: Hepatic cavernous hemangioma: temporal peritumoral enhancement during multiphase dynamic MR imaging. Radiology. 216(3):692-7, 2000
Vilgrain V et al: Imaging of atypical hemangiomas of the liver with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 20(2):379-97, 2000
Leslie DF et al: Distinction between cavernous hemangiomas of the liver and hepatic metastases on CT: value of contrast enhancement patterns. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 164(3):625-9, 1995
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