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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Biliary inflammatory pseudotumor
- Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT)
- IgG4-related hepatopathy
Definitions
- Heterogeneous group of lesions occurring in liver and bile ducts (among other organs) characterized by fibroblastic and myofibroblastic proliferation with inflammatory infiltrate
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Costa AF et al: Benign neoplasms, mass-like infections, and pseudotumors that mimic hepatic malignancy at MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 53(4):979-94, 2021
- Hamano A et al: Difficulty in differentiating between IgG4-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Clin J Gastroenterol. 14(1):263-8, 2021
- Kong WT et al: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking malignancy: the value of differential diagnosis on contrast enhanced ultrasound. Med Ultrason. 23(1):15-21, 2021
- Ichikawa S et al: Imaging features of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor: distinction from colorectal liver metastasis using gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(8):2400-8, 2020
- Chen CB et al: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma. J Chin Med Assoc. 76(5):299-301, 2013
- Fernandes T et al: Peripheral inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver and extensive thrombosis of the portal venous system in a child. Pediatr Radiol. 43(8):1041-4, 2013
- Nagarajan S et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 57(3):277-80, 2013
- Alswat K et al: The spectrum of sclerosing cholangitis and the relevance of IgG4 elevations in routine practice. Am J Gastroenterol. 107(1):56-63, 2012
- Carruthers MN et al: The latest on IgG4-RD: a rapidly emerging disease. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 24(1):60-9, 2012
- Beauchamp A et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver in an elderly woman following a second liver biopsy: a case report. Bol Asoc Med P R. 103(2):60-4, 2011
- Dechoux S et al: IgG4-related sclerosing disease: autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and IgG4-related cholangitis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 35(10):601, 2011
- Herek D et al: Education and imaging. Hepatobiliary and pancreatic: inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 26(7):1217, 2011
- Kim F et al: IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis and hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor without hypocomplementemia. Intern Med. 50(11):1239-44, 2011
- Vlachou PA et al: IgG4-related sclerosing disease: autoimmune pancreatitis and extrapancreatic manifestations. Radiographics. 31(5):1379-402, 2011
- Deng FT et al: Hilar inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 9(2):219-21, 2010
- Sevinç AI et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) of the liver: a report of two cases. Acta Chir Belg. 110(1):87-9, 2010
- Tang L et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver: a cohort study. World J Surg. 34(2):309-13, 2010
- Anderson SW et al: Benign hepatic tumors and iatrogenic pseudotumors. Radiographics. 29(1):211-29, 2009
- Ashcroft MW et al: Biliary inflammatory pseudotumour: report of two cases and review of the literature. Clin Radiol. 64(4):449-55, 2009
- Blachar A et al: Liver lesions with hepatic capsular retraction. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 30(5):426-35, 2009
- Ganesan K et al: Capsular retraction: an uncommon imaging finding in hepatic inflammatory pseudotumour. Br J Radiol. 82(984):e256-60, 2009
- Goldsmith PJ et al: Inflammatory pseudotumours of the liver: a spectrum of presentation and management options. Eur J Surg Oncol. 35(12):1295-8, 2009
- Kamaya A et al: Hypervascular liver lesions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 30(5):387-407, 2009
- Yamamoto H et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor versus IgG4-related sclerosing disease and inflammatory pseudotumor: a comparative clinicopathologic study. Am J Surg Pathol. 33(9):1330-40, 2009
- Liu YW et al: Hepatic pseudotumor in long-standing biliary atresia patients undergoing liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 13(11):1545-51, 2007
- Tublin ME et al: Biliary inflammatory pseudotumor: imaging features in seven patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 188(1):W44-8, 2007
- Koide H et al: Spontaneous regression of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor with primary biliary cirrhosis: case report and literature review. World J Gastroenterol. 12(10):1645-8, 2006
- Sasahira N et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver and peripheral eosinophilia in autoimmune pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 11(6):922-5, 2005
- Zen Y et al: IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis with and without hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor, and sclerosing pancreatitis-associated sclerosing cholangitis: do they belong to a spectrum of sclerosing pancreatitis?. Am J Surg Pathol. 28(9):1193-203, 2004
- Lee SL et al: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor: case report, review of the literature, and a proposal for morphologic classification. Pediatr Surg Int. 17(7):555-9, 2001
- Torzilli G et al: Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver: prevalence and clinical impact in surgical patients. Hepatogastroenterology. 48(40):1118-23, 2001
- Nam KJ et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: CT and sonographic findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Aug;167(2):485-7. Erratum in: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 167(6):1598, 1996
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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Biliary inflammatory pseudotumor
- Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT)
- IgG4-related hepatopathy
Definitions
- Heterogeneous group of lesions occurring in liver and bile ducts (among other organs) characterized by fibroblastic and myofibroblastic proliferation with inflammatory infiltrate
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Costa AF et al: Benign neoplasms, mass-like infections, and pseudotumors that mimic hepatic malignancy at MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 53(4):979-94, 2021
- Hamano A et al: Difficulty in differentiating between IgG4-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Clin J Gastroenterol. 14(1):263-8, 2021
- Kong WT et al: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking malignancy: the value of differential diagnosis on contrast enhanced ultrasound. Med Ultrason. 23(1):15-21, 2021
- Ichikawa S et al: Imaging features of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor: distinction from colorectal liver metastasis using gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(8):2400-8, 2020
- Chen CB et al: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma. J Chin Med Assoc. 76(5):299-301, 2013
- Fernandes T et al: Peripheral inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver and extensive thrombosis of the portal venous system in a child. Pediatr Radiol. 43(8):1041-4, 2013
- Nagarajan S et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 57(3):277-80, 2013
- Alswat K et al: The spectrum of sclerosing cholangitis and the relevance of IgG4 elevations in routine practice. Am J Gastroenterol. 107(1):56-63, 2012
- Carruthers MN et al: The latest on IgG4-RD: a rapidly emerging disease. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 24(1):60-9, 2012
- Beauchamp A et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver in an elderly woman following a second liver biopsy: a case report. Bol Asoc Med P R. 103(2):60-4, 2011
- Dechoux S et al: IgG4-related sclerosing disease: autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and IgG4-related cholangitis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 35(10):601, 2011
- Herek D et al: Education and imaging. Hepatobiliary and pancreatic: inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 26(7):1217, 2011
- Kim F et al: IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis and hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor without hypocomplementemia. Intern Med. 50(11):1239-44, 2011
- Vlachou PA et al: IgG4-related sclerosing disease: autoimmune pancreatitis and extrapancreatic manifestations. Radiographics. 31(5):1379-402, 2011
- Deng FT et al: Hilar inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 9(2):219-21, 2010
- Sevinç AI et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) of the liver: a report of two cases. Acta Chir Belg. 110(1):87-9, 2010
- Tang L et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver: a cohort study. World J Surg. 34(2):309-13, 2010
- Anderson SW et al: Benign hepatic tumors and iatrogenic pseudotumors. Radiographics. 29(1):211-29, 2009
- Ashcroft MW et al: Biliary inflammatory pseudotumour: report of two cases and review of the literature. Clin Radiol. 64(4):449-55, 2009
- Blachar A et al: Liver lesions with hepatic capsular retraction. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 30(5):426-35, 2009
- Ganesan K et al: Capsular retraction: an uncommon imaging finding in hepatic inflammatory pseudotumour. Br J Radiol. 82(984):e256-60, 2009
- Goldsmith PJ et al: Inflammatory pseudotumours of the liver: a spectrum of presentation and management options. Eur J Surg Oncol. 35(12):1295-8, 2009
- Kamaya A et al: Hypervascular liver lesions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 30(5):387-407, 2009
- Yamamoto H et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor versus IgG4-related sclerosing disease and inflammatory pseudotumor: a comparative clinicopathologic study. Am J Surg Pathol. 33(9):1330-40, 2009
- Liu YW et al: Hepatic pseudotumor in long-standing biliary atresia patients undergoing liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 13(11):1545-51, 2007
- Tublin ME et al: Biliary inflammatory pseudotumor: imaging features in seven patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 188(1):W44-8, 2007
- Koide H et al: Spontaneous regression of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor with primary biliary cirrhosis: case report and literature review. World J Gastroenterol. 12(10):1645-8, 2006
- Sasahira N et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver and peripheral eosinophilia in autoimmune pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 11(6):922-5, 2005
- Zen Y et al: IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis with and without hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor, and sclerosing pancreatitis-associated sclerosing cholangitis: do they belong to a spectrum of sclerosing pancreatitis?. Am J Surg Pathol. 28(9):1193-203, 2004
- Lee SL et al: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor: case report, review of the literature, and a proposal for morphologic classification. Pediatr Surg Int. 17(7):555-9, 2001
- Torzilli G et al: Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver: prevalence and clinical impact in surgical patients. Hepatogastroenterology. 48(40):1118-23, 2001
- Nam KJ et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: CT and sonographic findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Aug;167(2):485-7. Erratum in: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 167(6):1598, 1996
