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TERMINOLOGY
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Injury to liver induced by exogenous toxins, either through direct hepatotoxicity or idiosyncratic reaction
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Wang H et al: Imaging-based vascular-related biomarkers for early detection of acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Theranostics. 10(15):6715-27, 2020
Fisher ES et al: Evaluation and treatment of acetaminophen toxicity. Adv Pharmacol. 85:263-72, 2019
Pecnik P et al: High liver density on CT imaging due to amiodarone toxicity. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 130(5-6):220-1, 2018
Heard K et al: A single-arm clinical trial of a 48-hour intravenous N-acetylcysteine protocol for treatment of acetaminophen poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 52(5):512-8, 2014
Bunchorntavakul C et al: Acetaminophen-related hepatotoxicity. Clin Liver Dis. 17(4):587-607, viii, 2013
Corsini A et al: Drug-induced liver injury: the role of drug metabolism and transport. J Clin Pharmacol. 53(5):463-74, 2013
Shah AD et al: Understanding lactic acidosis in paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 71(1):20-8, 2011
Ikeda T: Drug-induced idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity: prevention strategy developed after the troglitazone case. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 26(1):60-70, 2011
Akman SA et al: Liver transplantation for acute liver failure due to toxic agent ingestion in children. Pediatr Transplant. 2009 Dec;13(8):1034-40. Epub 2009 Feb 6. Erratum in: Pediatr Transplant. 14(8):1041, 2010
Giri S et al: Hepatotoxicity and hepatic metabolism of available drugs: current problems and possible solutions in preclinical stages. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 6(8):895-917, 2010
Kim HR et al: Occupational hepatic disorders in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 25(Suppl):S36-40, 2010
Senior JR: Unintended hepatic adverse events associated with cancer chemotherapy. Toxicol Pathol. 38(1):142-7, 2010
Carlsen KM et al: Toxic hepatitis induced by infliximab in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis with no relapse after switching to etanercept. Clin Rheumatol. 28(8):1001-3, 2009
Gemcitabine: cutaneous, hepatic and vascular disorders. Prescrire Int. 18(101):122, 2009
Grattagliano I et al: Biochemical mechanisms in drug-induced liver injury: certainties and doubts. World J Gastroenterol. 15(39):4865-76, 2009
Injury to liver induced by exogenous toxins, either through direct hepatotoxicity or idiosyncratic reaction
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Wang H et al: Imaging-based vascular-related biomarkers for early detection of acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Theranostics. 10(15):6715-27, 2020
Fisher ES et al: Evaluation and treatment of acetaminophen toxicity. Adv Pharmacol. 85:263-72, 2019
Pecnik P et al: High liver density on CT imaging due to amiodarone toxicity. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 130(5-6):220-1, 2018
Heard K et al: A single-arm clinical trial of a 48-hour intravenous N-acetylcysteine protocol for treatment of acetaminophen poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 52(5):512-8, 2014
Bunchorntavakul C et al: Acetaminophen-related hepatotoxicity. Clin Liver Dis. 17(4):587-607, viii, 2013
Corsini A et al: Drug-induced liver injury: the role of drug metabolism and transport. J Clin Pharmacol. 53(5):463-74, 2013
Shah AD et al: Understanding lactic acidosis in paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 71(1):20-8, 2011
Ikeda T: Drug-induced idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity: prevention strategy developed after the troglitazone case. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 26(1):60-70, 2011
Akman SA et al: Liver transplantation for acute liver failure due to toxic agent ingestion in children. Pediatr Transplant. 2009 Dec;13(8):1034-40. Epub 2009 Feb 6. Erratum in: Pediatr Transplant. 14(8):1041, 2010
Giri S et al: Hepatotoxicity and hepatic metabolism of available drugs: current problems and possible solutions in preclinical stages. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 6(8):895-917, 2010
Kim HR et al: Occupational hepatic disorders in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 25(Suppl):S36-40, 2010
Senior JR: Unintended hepatic adverse events associated with cancer chemotherapy. Toxicol Pathol. 38(1):142-7, 2010
Carlsen KM et al: Toxic hepatitis induced by infliximab in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis with no relapse after switching to etanercept. Clin Rheumatol. 28(8):1001-3, 2009
Gemcitabine: cutaneous, hepatic and vascular disorders. Prescrire Int. 18(101):122, 2009
Grattagliano I et al: Biochemical mechanisms in drug-induced liver injury: certainties and doubts. World J Gastroenterol. 15(39):4865-76, 2009