Triad of arterial oxygenation defect, intrapulmonary vascular dilatation, and liver disease (often chronic)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Chen YA et al: CT scan does not differentiate patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome from other patients with liver disease. PLoS One. 11(7):e0158637, 2016
Chawla A et al: CT pulmonary angiography features of a hepatopulmonary syndrome. Korean J Radiol. 16(4):951-2, 2015
Chung S et al: Aggravation of hepatopulmonary syndrome after sildenafil treatment in a patient with coexisting portopulmonary hypertension. Korean Circ J. 45(1):77-80, 2015
Zhao H et al: Accurate measurement of the normality values of macroaggregated albumin lung perfusion scan in hepatopulmonary syndrome. Ann Nucl Med. 29(8):754-5, 2015
Grace JA et al: Hepatopulmonary syndrome: update on recent advances in pathophysiology, investigation, and treatment. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 28(2):213-9, 2013
Kim YK et al: Thoracic complications of liver cirrhosis: radiologic findings. Radiographics. 29(3):825-37, 2009
Leung AN: Case 63: hepatopulmonary syndrome. Radiology. 229(1):64-7, 2003
Lee KN et al: Hypoxemia and liver cirrhosis (hepatopulmonary syndrome) in eight patients: comparison of the central and peripheral pulmonary vasculature. Radiology. 211(2):549-53, 1999
McAdams HP et al: The hepatopulmonary syndrome: radiologic findings in 10 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 166(6):1379-85, 1996
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS)
Definitions
Triad of arterial oxygenation defect, intrapulmonary vascular dilatation, and liver disease (often chronic)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Chen YA et al: CT scan does not differentiate patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome from other patients with liver disease. PLoS One. 11(7):e0158637, 2016
Chawla A et al: CT pulmonary angiography features of a hepatopulmonary syndrome. Korean J Radiol. 16(4):951-2, 2015
Chung S et al: Aggravation of hepatopulmonary syndrome after sildenafil treatment in a patient with coexisting portopulmonary hypertension. Korean Circ J. 45(1):77-80, 2015
Zhao H et al: Accurate measurement of the normality values of macroaggregated albumin lung perfusion scan in hepatopulmonary syndrome. Ann Nucl Med. 29(8):754-5, 2015
Grace JA et al: Hepatopulmonary syndrome: update on recent advances in pathophysiology, investigation, and treatment. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 28(2):213-9, 2013
Kim YK et al: Thoracic complications of liver cirrhosis: radiologic findings. Radiographics. 29(3):825-37, 2009
Leung AN: Case 63: hepatopulmonary syndrome. Radiology. 229(1):64-7, 2003
Lee KN et al: Hypoxemia and liver cirrhosis (hepatopulmonary syndrome) in eight patients: comparison of the central and peripheral pulmonary vasculature. Radiology. 211(2):549-53, 1999
McAdams HP et al: The hepatopulmonary syndrome: radiologic findings in 10 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 166(6):1379-85, 1996
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