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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Hematometrocolpos, hydrometra, hematometra, HMC
Definitions
Dilation of vagina or vagina & uterus secondary to distal stenosis, atresia, transverse vaginal septum, or imperforate membrane
Prefix: Hydro- meaning fluid, hemato- meaning blood
Suffix: -metra meaning uterine cavity
Suffix: -metrocolpos meaning uterus & vagina
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Kraus SJ: Radiologic diagnosis of a newborn with cloaca. Semin Pediatr Surg. 25(2):76-81, 2016
Mansouri R et al: A case of obstructed hemivagina with cctopic ureter leading to severe hydrocolpos and contralateral renal outflow tract obstruction in a aeonate. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 28(5):e131-3, 2015
Lueth ET et al: McKusick Kaufman syndrome, complications arising at puberty. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 27(6):e125-6, 2014
Cerrah Celayir A et al: Spectrum of etiologies causing hydrometrocolpos. J Neonatal Surg. 2(1):5, 2013
Han BH et al: Uterus didelphys with blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome) suspected on the presence of hydrocolpos on prenatal sonography. J Clin Ultrasound. 41(6):380-2, 2013
Vitale V et al: Imperforate hymen causing congenital hydrometrocolpos. J Ultrasound. 16(1):37-9, 2013
Ameh EA et al: Congenital vaginal obstruction in neonates and infants: recognition and management. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 24(2):74-8, 2011
Johal NS et al: Neonatal imperforate hymen causing obstruction of the urinary tract. Urology. 73(4):750-1, 2009
Liu YP et al: Fetal MRI of hydrometrocolpos with septate vagina and uterus didelphys as well as massive urinary ascites due to cloacal malformation. Pediatr Radiol. 39(8):877, 2009
Cherian MP et al: Hydrometrocolpos and acute renal failure: a rare neonatal presentation of Bardet-Biedl syndrome. J Pediatr Urol. 4(4):313-6, 2008
Shaked O et al: Hydrometrocolpos--diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 21(6):317-21, 2008
Gholoum S et al: Management and outcome of patients with combined vaginal septum, bifid uterus, and ipsilateral renal agenesis (Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome). J Pediatr Surg. 41(5):987-92, 2006
Nazir Z et al: Congenital vaginal obstructions: varied presentation and outcome. Pediatr Surg Int. 22(9):749-53, 2006
Subramanian S et al: Antenatal MR diagnosis of urinary hydrometrocolpos due to urogenital sinus. Pediatr Radiol. 36(10):1086-9, 2006
Slavotinek AM et al: A female with complete lack of mullerian fusion, postaxial polydactyly, and tetralogy of fallot: genetic heterogeneity of McKusick-Kaufman syndrome or a unique syndrome? Am J Med Genet A. 129(1):69-72, 2004
Geipel A et al: Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in a case of prenatally detected fetal hydrocolpos. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 18(2):169-72, 2001
Hu MX et al: An unusual case of neonatal peritoneal calcifications associated with hydrometrocolpos. Pediatr Radiol. 31(10):742-4, 2001
Slavotinek AM et al: Phenotypic overlap of McKusick-Kaufman syndrome with bardet-biedl syndrome: a literature review. Am J Med Genet. 95(3):208-15, 2000
Amagai T et al: Endoscopic septotomy: a new surgical approach to infantile hydrometrocolpos with imperforate hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. J Pediatr Surg. 34(4):628-31, 1999
Arena F et al: The neonatal management and surgical correction of urinary hydrometrocolpos caused by a persistent urogenital sinus. BJU Int. 84(9):1063-8, 1999
David A et al: Hydrometrocolpos and polydactyly: a common neonatal presentation of Bardet-Biedl and McKusick-Kaufman syndromes. J Med Genet. 36(8):599-603, 1999
Li YW et al: Unilateral occlusion of duplicated uterus with ipsilateral renal anomaly in young girls: a study with MRI. Pediatr Radiol. 25 Suppl 1:S54-9, 1995
Blask AR et al: Obstructed uterovaginal anomalies: demonstration with sonography. Part I. Neonates and infants. Radiology. 179(1):79-83, 1991
Scanlan KA et al: Value of transperineal sonography in the assessment of vaginal atresia. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 154(3):545-8, 1990
Wu A et al: Sonography of pelvic masses in children: diagnostic predictability. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 148(6):1199-202, 1987
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Hematometrocolpos, hydrometra, hematometra, HMC
Definitions
Dilation of vagina or vagina & uterus secondary to distal stenosis, atresia, transverse vaginal septum, or imperforate membrane
Prefix: Hydro- meaning fluid, hemato- meaning blood
Suffix: -metra meaning uterine cavity
Suffix: -metrocolpos meaning uterus & vagina
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Kraus SJ: Radiologic diagnosis of a newborn with cloaca. Semin Pediatr Surg. 25(2):76-81, 2016
Mansouri R et al: A case of obstructed hemivagina with cctopic ureter leading to severe hydrocolpos and contralateral renal outflow tract obstruction in a aeonate. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 28(5):e131-3, 2015
Lueth ET et al: McKusick Kaufman syndrome, complications arising at puberty. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 27(6):e125-6, 2014
Cerrah Celayir A et al: Spectrum of etiologies causing hydrometrocolpos. J Neonatal Surg. 2(1):5, 2013
Han BH et al: Uterus didelphys with blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome) suspected on the presence of hydrocolpos on prenatal sonography. J Clin Ultrasound. 41(6):380-2, 2013
Vitale V et al: Imperforate hymen causing congenital hydrometrocolpos. J Ultrasound. 16(1):37-9, 2013
Ameh EA et al: Congenital vaginal obstruction in neonates and infants: recognition and management. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 24(2):74-8, 2011
Johal NS et al: Neonatal imperforate hymen causing obstruction of the urinary tract. Urology. 73(4):750-1, 2009
Liu YP et al: Fetal MRI of hydrometrocolpos with septate vagina and uterus didelphys as well as massive urinary ascites due to cloacal malformation. Pediatr Radiol. 39(8):877, 2009
Cherian MP et al: Hydrometrocolpos and acute renal failure: a rare neonatal presentation of Bardet-Biedl syndrome. J Pediatr Urol. 4(4):313-6, 2008
Shaked O et al: Hydrometrocolpos--diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 21(6):317-21, 2008
Gholoum S et al: Management and outcome of patients with combined vaginal septum, bifid uterus, and ipsilateral renal agenesis (Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome). J Pediatr Surg. 41(5):987-92, 2006
Nazir Z et al: Congenital vaginal obstructions: varied presentation and outcome. Pediatr Surg Int. 22(9):749-53, 2006
Subramanian S et al: Antenatal MR diagnosis of urinary hydrometrocolpos due to urogenital sinus. Pediatr Radiol. 36(10):1086-9, 2006
Slavotinek AM et al: A female with complete lack of mullerian fusion, postaxial polydactyly, and tetralogy of fallot: genetic heterogeneity of McKusick-Kaufman syndrome or a unique syndrome? Am J Med Genet A. 129(1):69-72, 2004
Geipel A et al: Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in a case of prenatally detected fetal hydrocolpos. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 18(2):169-72, 2001
Hu MX et al: An unusual case of neonatal peritoneal calcifications associated with hydrometrocolpos. Pediatr Radiol. 31(10):742-4, 2001
Slavotinek AM et al: Phenotypic overlap of McKusick-Kaufman syndrome with bardet-biedl syndrome: a literature review. Am J Med Genet. 95(3):208-15, 2000
Amagai T et al: Endoscopic septotomy: a new surgical approach to infantile hydrometrocolpos with imperforate hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. J Pediatr Surg. 34(4):628-31, 1999
Arena F et al: The neonatal management and surgical correction of urinary hydrometrocolpos caused by a persistent urogenital sinus. BJU Int. 84(9):1063-8, 1999
David A et al: Hydrometrocolpos and polydactyly: a common neonatal presentation of Bardet-Biedl and McKusick-Kaufman syndromes. J Med Genet. 36(8):599-603, 1999
Li YW et al: Unilateral occlusion of duplicated uterus with ipsilateral renal anomaly in young girls: a study with MRI. Pediatr Radiol. 25 Suppl 1:S54-9, 1995