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Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
Non-Trauma
Soft Tissue Tumors
Fibroblastic/Myofibroblastic Tumors
Intermediate (Rarely Metastasizing) Fibrohistiocytic Tumors
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor
Eric Walker, MD, MHA, FACR, FACHE; Behrang Amini, MD, PhD; Kara G. Gill, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Clinical Issues

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Abbreviations

          • Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT)

        • Synonyms

          • Inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma, plasma cell pseudotumor, inflammatory myofibrohistiocytic proliferation, omental mesenteric myxoid hamartoma, xanthomatous pseudotumor, pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation, myofibroblastoma, inflammatory fibrosarcoma

        • Definitions

          • Rarely metastasizing neoplasm composed of myofibroblastic and fibroblastic spindle cells accompanied by inflammatory infiltrate of plasma cells, eosinophils, and lymphocytes

        • Subtype

          • Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS)

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • Radiographic Findings

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    PATHOLOGY

                    • General Features

                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                        • Microscopic Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  Selected References

                                  1. Craig E et al: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor therapy in the treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in pediatric patients: case reports and literature review. J Pediatr Surg. 56(12):2364-71, 2021
                                  2. Bennett JA et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the uterus: an immunohistochemical study of 23 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 44(11):1441-9, 2020
                                  3. Makhdoum S et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors associated with the placenta: a series of 9 cases. Hum Pathol. 106:62-73, 2020
                                  4. Yamamoto H et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. In Fletcher CDM et al: WHO Classification of Tumours: Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours. 5th ed. IARC Press. 109-11, 2020
                                  5. Torres US et al: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of inflammatory pseudotumors in the abdomen and pelvis: current concepts and pictorial review. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 39(2):220-9, 2018
                                  6. Cheng KJ et al: A case report of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the neck: a focus on the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Oncol Lett. 10(1):518-22, 2015
                                  7. Chung EM et al: Solid tumors of the peritoneum, omentum, and mesentery in children: radiologic-pathologic correlation: from the radiologic pathology archives. Radiographics. 35(2):521-46, 2015
                                  8. Höhne S et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT): a representative literature review occasioned by a rare IMT of the transverse colon in a 9-year-old child. Tumori. 101(3):249-56, 2015
                                  9. Lai LM et al: Shedding light on inflammatory pseudotumor in children: spotlight on inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Pediatr Radiol. 45(12):1738-52, 2015
                                  10. Oguz B et al: Imaging of childhood inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Pediatr Radiol. 45(11):1672-81, 2015
                                  11. Shin HC et al: Coexistence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the stomach presenting as a collision tumor: first case report and literature review. Diagn Pathol. 10(1):181, 2015
                                  12. Kim JH et al: Imaging features of meningeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(6):1261-7, 2009
                                  13. Navarro OM et al: Pediatric soft-tissue tumors and pseudotumors: MR imaging features with pathologic correlation: part 1. Imaging approach, pseudotumors, vascular lesions, and adipocytic tumors. Radiographics. 29(3):887-906, 2009
                                  14. Park SB et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor (myoblastic tumor) of the genitourinary tract. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(4):1255-62, 2008
                                  15. Weiss SW et al: Fibrous tumors of infancy and childhood. In Weiss SW et al: Enzinger and Weiss' Soft Tissue Tumors. 5th ed. Elsevier. 284-9, 2008
                                  16. Coffin CM et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. In Fletcher CDM et al: WHO Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 91-3, 2002
                                  Related Anatomy
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                                  Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                  References
                                  Tables

                                  Tables

                                  KEY FACTS

                                  • Terminology

                                    • Imaging

                                      • Clinical Issues

                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                        • Abbreviations

                                          • Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT)

                                        • Synonyms

                                          • Inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma, plasma cell pseudotumor, inflammatory myofibrohistiocytic proliferation, omental mesenteric myxoid hamartoma, xanthomatous pseudotumor, pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation, myofibroblastoma, inflammatory fibrosarcoma

                                        • Definitions

                                          • Rarely metastasizing neoplasm composed of myofibroblastic and fibroblastic spindle cells accompanied by inflammatory infiltrate of plasma cells, eosinophils, and lymphocytes

                                        • Subtype

                                          • Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS)

                                        IMAGING

                                        • General Features

                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                            • CT Findings

                                              • MR Findings

                                                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                    PATHOLOGY

                                                    • General Features

                                                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                        • Microscopic Features

                                                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                          • Presentation

                                                            • Demographics

                                                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                • Treatment

                                                                  Selected References

                                                                  1. Craig E et al: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor therapy in the treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in pediatric patients: case reports and literature review. J Pediatr Surg. 56(12):2364-71, 2021
                                                                  2. Bennett JA et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the uterus: an immunohistochemical study of 23 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 44(11):1441-9, 2020
                                                                  3. Makhdoum S et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors associated with the placenta: a series of 9 cases. Hum Pathol. 106:62-73, 2020
                                                                  4. Yamamoto H et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. In Fletcher CDM et al: WHO Classification of Tumours: Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours. 5th ed. IARC Press. 109-11, 2020
                                                                  5. Torres US et al: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of inflammatory pseudotumors in the abdomen and pelvis: current concepts and pictorial review. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 39(2):220-9, 2018
                                                                  6. Cheng KJ et al: A case report of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the neck: a focus on the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Oncol Lett. 10(1):518-22, 2015
                                                                  7. Chung EM et al: Solid tumors of the peritoneum, omentum, and mesentery in children: radiologic-pathologic correlation: from the radiologic pathology archives. Radiographics. 35(2):521-46, 2015
                                                                  8. Höhne S et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT): a representative literature review occasioned by a rare IMT of the transverse colon in a 9-year-old child. Tumori. 101(3):249-56, 2015
                                                                  9. Lai LM et al: Shedding light on inflammatory pseudotumor in children: spotlight on inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Pediatr Radiol. 45(12):1738-52, 2015
                                                                  10. Oguz B et al: Imaging of childhood inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Pediatr Radiol. 45(11):1672-81, 2015
                                                                  11. Shin HC et al: Coexistence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the stomach presenting as a collision tumor: first case report and literature review. Diagn Pathol. 10(1):181, 2015
                                                                  12. Kim JH et al: Imaging features of meningeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(6):1261-7, 2009
                                                                  13. Navarro OM et al: Pediatric soft-tissue tumors and pseudotumors: MR imaging features with pathologic correlation: part 1. Imaging approach, pseudotumors, vascular lesions, and adipocytic tumors. Radiographics. 29(3):887-906, 2009
                                                                  14. Park SB et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor (myoblastic tumor) of the genitourinary tract. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(4):1255-62, 2008
                                                                  15. Weiss SW et al: Fibrous tumors of infancy and childhood. In Weiss SW et al: Enzinger and Weiss' Soft Tissue Tumors. 5th ed. Elsevier. 284-9, 2008
                                                                  16. Coffin CM et al: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. In Fletcher CDM et al: WHO Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 91-3, 2002