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Gastrointestinal
Diagnosis
Small Intestine
Malignant Neoplasms
Intestinal GIST
Intestinal GIST
Atif Zaheer, MD; Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Abbreviations

            • GI stromal tumor (GIST)

          • Definitions

            • Mesenchymal tumor of GI tract derived from interstitial cells of Cajal

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Imaging Recommendations

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Fluoroscopic Findings

                    • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                              • Microscopic Features

                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                • Presentation

                                  • Demographics

                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                      • Treatment

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Patel DJ et al: Adjuvant systemic therapy for small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): is there a survival benefit after R0 resection? Surgery. 168(4):695-700, 2020
                                        2. Feng C et al: Tumor heterogeneity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the small bowel: volumetric CT texture analysis as a potential biomarker for risk stratification. Cancer Imaging. 18(1):46, 2018
                                        3. Maldonado FJ et al: Reproducible imaging features of biologically aggressive gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the small bowel. Abdom Radiol (NY). 43(7):1567-74, 2018
                                        4. Corless CL et al: Pathologic and molecular features correlate with long-term outcome after adjuvant therapy of resected primary GI stromal tumor: the ACOSOG Z9001 trial. J Clin Oncol. 32(15):1563-70, 2014
                                        5. Tap WD et al: That's the "GIST" of it: use of adjuvant imatinib after resection of a primary GI stromal tumor. J Clin Oncol. 32(15):1543-6, 2014
                                        6. Miettinen M et al: True smooth muscle tumors of the small intestine: a clinicopathologic, immunhistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 25 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 33(3):430-6, 2009
                                        7. Nakajima T et al: Interstitial cells of Cajal do not harbor c-kit or PDGFRA gene mutations in patients with sporadic gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Gastroenterol. 44(5):426-31, 2009
                                        8. Yamamoto H et al: Neurofibromatosis type 1-related gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a special reference to loss of heterozygosity at 14q and 22q. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 135(6):791-8, 2009
                                        9. Scarpa M et al: A systematic review on the clinical diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Surg Oncol. 98(5):384-92, 2008
                                        10. Ulusan S et al: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: CT findings. Br J Radiol. 81(968):618-23, 2008
                                        11. King DM: The radiology of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). Cancer Imaging. 5:150-6, 2005
                                        12. Logroño R et al: Recent advances in cell biology, diagnosis, and therapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Cancer Biol Ther. 3(3):251-8, 2004
                                        13. Bechtold RE et al: Cystic changes in hepatic and peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated with Gleevec. Abdom Imaging. 28(6):808-14, 2003
                                        14. Burkill GJ et al: Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor: distribution, imaging features, and pattern of metastatic spread. Radiology. 226(2):527-32, 2003
                                        15. Tateishi U et al: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Correlation of computed tomography findings with tumor grade and mortality. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 27(5):792-8, 2003
                                        16. Buckley JA et al: CT evaluation of small bowel neoplasms: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 18(2):379-92, 1998
                                        Related Anatomy
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                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Terminology

                                          • Imaging

                                            • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                              • Clinical Issues

                                                TERMINOLOGY

                                                • Abbreviations

                                                  • GI stromal tumor (GIST)

                                                • Definitions

                                                  • Mesenchymal tumor of GI tract derived from interstitial cells of Cajal

                                                IMAGING

                                                • General Features

                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Fluoroscopic Findings

                                                          • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Patel DJ et al: Adjuvant systemic therapy for small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): is there a survival benefit after R0 resection? Surgery. 168(4):695-700, 2020
                                                                              2. Feng C et al: Tumor heterogeneity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the small bowel: volumetric CT texture analysis as a potential biomarker for risk stratification. Cancer Imaging. 18(1):46, 2018
                                                                              3. Maldonado FJ et al: Reproducible imaging features of biologically aggressive gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the small bowel. Abdom Radiol (NY). 43(7):1567-74, 2018
                                                                              4. Corless CL et al: Pathologic and molecular features correlate with long-term outcome after adjuvant therapy of resected primary GI stromal tumor: the ACOSOG Z9001 trial. J Clin Oncol. 32(15):1563-70, 2014
                                                                              5. Tap WD et al: That's the "GIST" of it: use of adjuvant imatinib after resection of a primary GI stromal tumor. J Clin Oncol. 32(15):1543-6, 2014
                                                                              6. Miettinen M et al: True smooth muscle tumors of the small intestine: a clinicopathologic, immunhistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 25 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 33(3):430-6, 2009
                                                                              7. Nakajima T et al: Interstitial cells of Cajal do not harbor c-kit or PDGFRA gene mutations in patients with sporadic gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Gastroenterol. 44(5):426-31, 2009
                                                                              8. Yamamoto H et al: Neurofibromatosis type 1-related gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a special reference to loss of heterozygosity at 14q and 22q. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 135(6):791-8, 2009
                                                                              9. Scarpa M et al: A systematic review on the clinical diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Surg Oncol. 98(5):384-92, 2008
                                                                              10. Ulusan S et al: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: CT findings. Br J Radiol. 81(968):618-23, 2008
                                                                              11. King DM: The radiology of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST). Cancer Imaging. 5:150-6, 2005
                                                                              12. Logroño R et al: Recent advances in cell biology, diagnosis, and therapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Cancer Biol Ther. 3(3):251-8, 2004
                                                                              13. Bechtold RE et al: Cystic changes in hepatic and peritoneal metastases from gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated with Gleevec. Abdom Imaging. 28(6):808-14, 2003
                                                                              14. Burkill GJ et al: Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor: distribution, imaging features, and pattern of metastatic spread. Radiology. 226(2):527-32, 2003
                                                                              15. Tateishi U et al: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Correlation of computed tomography findings with tumor grade and mortality. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 27(5):792-8, 2003
                                                                              16. Buckley JA et al: CT evaluation of small bowel neoplasms: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 18(2):379-92, 1998