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Gastrointestinal
Diagnosis
Biliary System
Malignant Neoplasms
Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma
Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma
Maryam Rezvani, MD
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7

OVERVIEW

  • General Comments

    • Classification

      PATHOLOGY

      • Routes of Spread

        • General Features

          • Gross Pathology & Surgical Features

            • Microscopic Features

              IMAGING FINDINGS

              • Detection

                • Staging

                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                  • Presentation

                    • Cancer Natural History & Prognosis

                      • Treatment Options

                        REPORTING CHECKLIST

                        • T Staging

                          • N Staging

                            • M Staging

                              Selected References

                              1. Amin M.B. et al: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 8th Ed. Springer New York, 2017
                              2. Min JH et al: Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: arterial enhancement patterns at MRI and prognosis. Radiology. 290(3):691-9, 2019
                              3. Joo I et al: Imaging diagnosis of intrahepatic and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: recent advances and challenges. Radiology. 288(1):7-13, 2018
                              4. Choi SH et al: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: differentiation from hepatocellular carcinoma by using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging and dynamic CT. Radiology. 282(3):771-81, 2017
                              5. Lee J et al: Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: diffusion-weighted imaging as a preoperative prognostic marker. Radiology. 281(1):119-28, 2016
                              6. Fowler KJ et al: Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (biphenotypic) tumors: imaging features and diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT and MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 201(2):332-9, 2013
                              7. Hwang J et al: Differentiating combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma from mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 36(4):881-9, 2012
                              8. Kang Y et al: Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: enhancement patterns on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR images. Radiology. 264(3):751-60, 2012
                              9. Kim SA et al: Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinomas: enhancement patterns at multiphasic CT, with special emphasis on arterial enhancement pattern--correlation with clinicopathologic findings. Radiology. 260(1):148-57, 2011
                              10. Moon CM et al: The role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of cholangiocarcinoma. Surg Oncol. 20(1):e10-7, 2011
                              11. Blechacz BR et al: Cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Liver Dis. 12(1):131-50, ix, 2008
                              12. Kim JY et al: Clinical role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in suspected and potentially operable cholangiocarcinoma: a prospective study compared with conventional imaging. Am J Gastroenterol. 103(5):1145-51, 2008
                              13. Sainani NI et al: Cholangiocarcinoma: current and novel imaging techniques. Radiographics. 28(5):1263-87, 2008
                              14. Walker SL et al: Diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis: an "evidence based radiology" review. Abdom Imaging. 33(1):14-7, 2008
                              15. Lim JH et al: Early bile duct carcinoma: comparison of imaging features with pathologic findings. Radiology. 238(2):542-8, 2006
                              16. Han JK et al: Cholangiocarcinoma: pictorial essay of CT and cholangiographic findings. Radiographics. 22(1):173-87, 2002
                              17. Khan SA et al: Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: consensus document. Gut. 51 Suppl 6:VI1-9, 2002
                              18. Maetani Y et al: MR imaging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 176(6):1499-507, 2001
                              19. Gores GJ: Early detection and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Transpl. 6(6 Suppl 2):S30-4, 2000
                              Related Anatomy
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                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                              References
                              Tables

                              Tables

                              OVERVIEW

                              • General Comments

                                • Classification

                                  PATHOLOGY

                                  • Routes of Spread

                                    • General Features

                                      • Gross Pathology & Surgical Features

                                        • Microscopic Features

                                          IMAGING FINDINGS

                                          • Detection

                                            • Staging

                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                              • Presentation

                                                • Cancer Natural History & Prognosis

                                                  • Treatment Options

                                                    REPORTING CHECKLIST

                                                    • T Staging

                                                      • N Staging

                                                        • M Staging

                                                          Selected References

                                                          1. Amin M.B. et al: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 8th Ed. Springer New York, 2017
                                                          2. Min JH et al: Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: arterial enhancement patterns at MRI and prognosis. Radiology. 290(3):691-9, 2019
                                                          3. Joo I et al: Imaging diagnosis of intrahepatic and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: recent advances and challenges. Radiology. 288(1):7-13, 2018
                                                          4. Choi SH et al: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: differentiation from hepatocellular carcinoma by using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging and dynamic CT. Radiology. 282(3):771-81, 2017
                                                          5. Lee J et al: Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: diffusion-weighted imaging as a preoperative prognostic marker. Radiology. 281(1):119-28, 2016
                                                          6. Fowler KJ et al: Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (biphenotypic) tumors: imaging features and diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT and MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 201(2):332-9, 2013
                                                          7. Hwang J et al: Differentiating combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma from mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 36(4):881-9, 2012
                                                          8. Kang Y et al: Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: enhancement patterns on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR images. Radiology. 264(3):751-60, 2012
                                                          9. Kim SA et al: Intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinomas: enhancement patterns at multiphasic CT, with special emphasis on arterial enhancement pattern--correlation with clinicopathologic findings. Radiology. 260(1):148-57, 2011
                                                          10. Moon CM et al: The role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of cholangiocarcinoma. Surg Oncol. 20(1):e10-7, 2011
                                                          11. Blechacz BR et al: Cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Liver Dis. 12(1):131-50, ix, 2008
                                                          12. Kim JY et al: Clinical role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in suspected and potentially operable cholangiocarcinoma: a prospective study compared with conventional imaging. Am J Gastroenterol. 103(5):1145-51, 2008
                                                          13. Sainani NI et al: Cholangiocarcinoma: current and novel imaging techniques. Radiographics. 28(5):1263-87, 2008
                                                          14. Walker SL et al: Diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis: an "evidence based radiology" review. Abdom Imaging. 33(1):14-7, 2008
                                                          15. Lim JH et al: Early bile duct carcinoma: comparison of imaging features with pathologic findings. Radiology. 238(2):542-8, 2006
                                                          16. Han JK et al: Cholangiocarcinoma: pictorial essay of CT and cholangiographic findings. Radiographics. 22(1):173-87, 2002
                                                          17. Khan SA et al: Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: consensus document. Gut. 51 Suppl 6:VI1-9, 2002
                                                          18. Maetani Y et al: MR imaging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 176(6):1499-507, 2001
                                                          19. Gores GJ: Early detection and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Transpl. 6(6 Suppl 2):S30-4, 2000