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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Normal contrast enhancement (CE) along course of intratemporal facial nerve (CNVII); typically mild to moderate, symmetric with contralateral facial nerve and without bone changes or facial nerve symptoms
- Prominent perineural arteriovenous plexus responsible for normal enhancement
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- George E et al: Facial nerve palsy: clinical practice and cognitive errors. Am J Med. 133(9):1039-44, 2020
- Radhakrishnan R et al: Comparison of normal facial nerve enhancement at 3T MRI using gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine. Neuroradiol J. 30(6):554-60, 2017
- Dehkharghani S et al: Redefining normal facial nerve enhancement: healthy subject comparison of typical enhancement patterns--unenhanced and contrast-enhanced spin-echo versus 3D inversion recovery-prepared fast spoiled gradient-echo imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 202(5):1108-13, 2014
- Hong HS et al: Enhancement pattern of the normal facial nerve at 3.0 T temporal MRI. Br J Radiol. 83(986):118-21, 2010
- Tabuchi T et al: Vascular permeability to fluorescent substance in human cranial nerves. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 111(8):736-7, 2002
- Martin-Duverneuil N et al: Contrast enhancement of the facial nerve on MRI: normal or pathological? Neuroradiology. 39(3):207-12, 1997
- Gebarski SS et al: Enhancement along the normal facial nerve in the facial canal: MR imaging and anatomic correlation. Radiology. 183(2):391-4, 1992
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Normal contrast enhancement (CE) along course of intratemporal facial nerve (CNVII); typically mild to moderate, symmetric with contralateral facial nerve and without bone changes or facial nerve symptoms
- Prominent perineural arteriovenous plexus responsible for normal enhancement
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- George E et al: Facial nerve palsy: clinical practice and cognitive errors. Am J Med. 133(9):1039-44, 2020
- Radhakrishnan R et al: Comparison of normal facial nerve enhancement at 3T MRI using gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine. Neuroradiol J. 30(6):554-60, 2017
- Dehkharghani S et al: Redefining normal facial nerve enhancement: healthy subject comparison of typical enhancement patterns--unenhanced and contrast-enhanced spin-echo versus 3D inversion recovery-prepared fast spoiled gradient-echo imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 202(5):1108-13, 2014
- Hong HS et al: Enhancement pattern of the normal facial nerve at 3.0 T temporal MRI. Br J Radiol. 83(986):118-21, 2010
- Tabuchi T et al: Vascular permeability to fluorescent substance in human cranial nerves. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 111(8):736-7, 2002
- Martin-Duverneuil N et al: Contrast enhancement of the facial nerve on MRI: normal or pathological? Neuroradiology. 39(3):207-12, 1997
- Gebarski SS et al: Enhancement along the normal facial nerve in the facial canal: MR imaging and anatomic correlation. Radiology. 183(2):391-4, 1992
