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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Definitions
- Infection caused by saprophytic and ubiquitous airborne filamentous fungus Aspergillus species (usually Aspergillus fumigatus)
- Other species: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger
- Affects almost exclusively immunocompromised patients with severe neutropenia: Absolute neutrophil count < 500 per μL
- Angioinvasive aspergillosis
- Most common form of invasive aspergillosis
- Occlusion of small to medium-sized pulmonary arteries by fungal hyphae
- Wedge-shaped subpleural consolidation corresponding to hemorrhagic infarct
- Airway-invasive aspergillosis
- Rare form of invasive aspergillosis
- Fungal hyphae beyond airway basement membrane
- Infection caused by saprophytic and ubiquitous airborne filamentous fungus Aspergillus species (usually Aspergillus fumigatus)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Prasad A et al: Pulmonary aspergillosis: what CT can offer before it is too late! J Clin Diagn Res. 10(4):TE01-5, 2016
- Chabi ML et al: Pulmonary aspergillosis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(5):435-42, 2015
- Stanzani M et al: High resolution computed tomography angiography improves the radiographic diagnosis of invasive mold disease in patients with hematological malignancies. Clin Infect Dis. 60(11):1603-10, 2015
- Walsh S et al: Importance of the reversed halo sign for the diagnosis of angioinvasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Respir Med. 108(8):1240, 2014
- Xu XY et al: Diagnosis of airway-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis by tree-in-bud sign in an immunocompetent patient: case report and literature review. J Mycol Med. 23(1):64-9, 2013
- Georgiadou SP et al: The diagnostic value of halo and reversed halo signs for invasive mold infections in compromised hosts. Clin Infect Dis. 52(9):1144-55, 2011
- Greene RE et al: Imaging findings in acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: clinical significance of the halo sign. Clin Infect Dis. 44(3):373-9, 2007
- Althoff Souza C et al: Pulmonary invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis in immunocompromised patients: a comparative study of the high-resolution CT findings. J Thorac Imaging. 21(3):184-9, 2006
- Horger M et al: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: frequency and meaning of the "hypodense sign" on unenhanced CT. Br J Radiol. 78(932):697-703, 2005
- Franquet T et al: Spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis: histologic, clinical, and radiologic findings. Radiographics. 21(4):825-37, 2001
- Primack SL et al: Pulmonary nodules and the CT halo sign. Radiology. 190(2):513-5, 1994
- Kuhlman JE et al: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in acute leukemia. The contribution of CT to early diagnosis and aggressive management. Chest. 92(1):95-9, 1987
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Definitions
- Infection caused by saprophytic and ubiquitous airborne filamentous fungus Aspergillus species (usually Aspergillus fumigatus)
- Other species: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger
- Affects almost exclusively immunocompromised patients with severe neutropenia: Absolute neutrophil count < 500 per μL
- Angioinvasive aspergillosis
- Most common form of invasive aspergillosis
- Occlusion of small to medium-sized pulmonary arteries by fungal hyphae
- Wedge-shaped subpleural consolidation corresponding to hemorrhagic infarct
- Airway-invasive aspergillosis
- Rare form of invasive aspergillosis
- Fungal hyphae beyond airway basement membrane
- Infection caused by saprophytic and ubiquitous airborne filamentous fungus Aspergillus species (usually Aspergillus fumigatus)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Prasad A et al: Pulmonary aspergillosis: what CT can offer before it is too late! J Clin Diagn Res. 10(4):TE01-5, 2016
- Chabi ML et al: Pulmonary aspergillosis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(5):435-42, 2015
- Stanzani M et al: High resolution computed tomography angiography improves the radiographic diagnosis of invasive mold disease in patients with hematological malignancies. Clin Infect Dis. 60(11):1603-10, 2015
- Walsh S et al: Importance of the reversed halo sign for the diagnosis of angioinvasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Respir Med. 108(8):1240, 2014
- Xu XY et al: Diagnosis of airway-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis by tree-in-bud sign in an immunocompetent patient: case report and literature review. J Mycol Med. 23(1):64-9, 2013
- Georgiadou SP et al: The diagnostic value of halo and reversed halo signs for invasive mold infections in compromised hosts. Clin Infect Dis. 52(9):1144-55, 2011
- Greene RE et al: Imaging findings in acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: clinical significance of the halo sign. Clin Infect Dis. 44(3):373-9, 2007
- Althoff Souza C et al: Pulmonary invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis in immunocompromised patients: a comparative study of the high-resolution CT findings. J Thorac Imaging. 21(3):184-9, 2006
- Horger M et al: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: frequency and meaning of the "hypodense sign" on unenhanced CT. Br J Radiol. 78(932):697-703, 2005
- Franquet T et al: Spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis: histologic, clinical, and radiologic findings. Radiographics. 21(4):825-37, 2001
- Primack SL et al: Pulmonary nodules and the CT halo sign. Radiology. 190(2):513-5, 1994
- Kuhlman JE et al: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in acute leukemia. The contribution of CT to early diagnosis and aggressive management. Chest. 92(1):95-9, 1987
