Asymmetric, large JB flow phenomenon simulates neoplasm or thrombosis on MR sequences
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Totten DJ et al: Persistent conductive hearing loss after tympanostomy tube placement due to high-riding jugular bulb. Laryngoscope. 131(4):E1272-4, 2021
Liu GS et al: Systematic review of temporal bone-resurfacing techniques for pulsatile tinnitus associated with vascular wall anomalies. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 160(5):749-61, 2019
Sarioglu FC et al: Variations of the vascular canals in the cochlear implant candidates. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 123:123-7, 2019
Manjila S et al: Jugular bulb and skull base pathologies: proposal for a novel classification system for jugular bulb positions and microsurgical implications. Neurosurg Focus. 45(1):E5, 2018
Yeo WX et al: Surgical management of pulsatile tinnitus secondary to jugular bulb or sigmoid sinus diverticulum with review of literature. Am J Otolaryngol. 39(2):247-52, 2018
Kizildag B et al: The relationship between tinnitus and vascular anomalies on temporal bone CT scan: a retrospective case control study. Surg Radiol Anat. 38(7):835-41, 2016
Mortimer AM et al: Endovascular treatment of jugular bulb diverticula causing debilitating pulsatile tinnitus. J Neurointerv Surg. 8(3):e11, 2016
Bae SC et al: Single-center 10-year experience in treating patients with vascular tinnitus: diagnostic approaches and treatment outcomes. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 8(1):7-12, 2015
Mundada P et al: CT arteriography and venography in the evaluation of pulsatile tinnitus with normal otoscopic examination. Laryngoscope. 125(4):979-84, 2015
Sakaida H et al: Dehiscent high jugular bulb attached to the tympanic membrane. Ear Nose Throat J. 94(6):210; 212, 2015
Atmaca S et al: High and dehiscent jugular bulb: clear and present danger during middle ear surgery. Surg Radiol Anat. 36(4):369-74, 2014
Shaikh MF et al: A novel approach for surgical repair of dehiscent high jugular bulb. Laryngoscope. 123(7):1803-5, 2013
Shweel M et al: Diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography in the radiological evaluation of pulsatile tinnitus. Am J Otolaryngol. 34(6):710-7, 2013
El-Begermy MA et al: A novel surgical technique for management of tinnitus due to high dehiscent jugular bulb. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 142(4):576-81, 2010
Fayad JN et al: Jugular foramen tumors: clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. Otol Neurotol. 31(2):299-305, 2010
Friedmann DR et al: Clinical spectrum of patients with erosion of the inner ear by jugular bulb abnormalities. Laryngoscope. 120(2):365-72, 2010
Vachata P et al: An anatomical and radiological study of the high jugular bulb on high-resolution CT scans and alcohol-fixed skulls of adults. J Clin Neurosci. 17(4):473-8, 2010
Meckel S et al: Display of dural sinuses with time-resolved, contrast-enhanced three-dimensional MR venography. Cerebrovasc Dis. 25(3):217-24, 2008
Dai PD et al: Morphological and positional relationships between the sigmoid sinus and the jugular bulb. Surg Radiol Anat. 29(8):643-51, 2007
Bilgen C et al: Jugular bulb diverticula: clinical and radiologic aspects. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 128(3):382-6, 2003
Tsunoda A: Sensorineural hearing loss caused by a high jugular bulb. J Laryngol Otol. 114(11):867-9, 2000
Palacios E et al: Jugular bulb appearing as a mass. Ear Nose Throat J. 78(8):536, 1999
Caldemeyer KS et al: The jugular foramen: a review of anatomy, masses, and imaging characteristics. Radiographics. 17(5):1123-39, 1997
Atilla S et al: Computed tomographic evaluation of surgically significant vascular variations related with the temporal bone. Eur J Radiol. 20(1):52-6, 1995
Tomura N et al: Normal variations of the temporal bone on high-resolution CT: their incidence and clinical significance. Clin Radiol. 50(3):144-8, 1995
Dietz RR et al: MR imaging and MR angiography in the evaluation of pulsatile tinnitus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 15(5):879-89, 1994
Okudera T et al: Development of posterior fossa dural sinuses, emissary veins, and jugular bulb: morphological and radiologic study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 15(10):1871-83, 1994
Ongre A: The jugular bulb once more. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 135(5):1117, 1980
Stern J et al: Jugular bulb diverticula in medial petrous bone. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 134(5):959-61, 1980
Asymmetric, large JB flow phenomenon simulates neoplasm or thrombosis on MR sequences
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Totten DJ et al: Persistent conductive hearing loss after tympanostomy tube placement due to high-riding jugular bulb. Laryngoscope. 131(4):E1272-4, 2021
Liu GS et al: Systematic review of temporal bone-resurfacing techniques for pulsatile tinnitus associated with vascular wall anomalies. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 160(5):749-61, 2019
Sarioglu FC et al: Variations of the vascular canals in the cochlear implant candidates. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 123:123-7, 2019
Manjila S et al: Jugular bulb and skull base pathologies: proposal for a novel classification system for jugular bulb positions and microsurgical implications. Neurosurg Focus. 45(1):E5, 2018
Yeo WX et al: Surgical management of pulsatile tinnitus secondary to jugular bulb or sigmoid sinus diverticulum with review of literature. Am J Otolaryngol. 39(2):247-52, 2018
Kizildag B et al: The relationship between tinnitus and vascular anomalies on temporal bone CT scan: a retrospective case control study. Surg Radiol Anat. 38(7):835-41, 2016
Mortimer AM et al: Endovascular treatment of jugular bulb diverticula causing debilitating pulsatile tinnitus. J Neurointerv Surg. 8(3):e11, 2016
Bae SC et al: Single-center 10-year experience in treating patients with vascular tinnitus: diagnostic approaches and treatment outcomes. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 8(1):7-12, 2015
Mundada P et al: CT arteriography and venography in the evaluation of pulsatile tinnitus with normal otoscopic examination. Laryngoscope. 125(4):979-84, 2015
Sakaida H et al: Dehiscent high jugular bulb attached to the tympanic membrane. Ear Nose Throat J. 94(6):210; 212, 2015
Atmaca S et al: High and dehiscent jugular bulb: clear and present danger during middle ear surgery. Surg Radiol Anat. 36(4):369-74, 2014
Shaikh MF et al: A novel approach for surgical repair of dehiscent high jugular bulb. Laryngoscope. 123(7):1803-5, 2013
Shweel M et al: Diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography in the radiological evaluation of pulsatile tinnitus. Am J Otolaryngol. 34(6):710-7, 2013
El-Begermy MA et al: A novel surgical technique for management of tinnitus due to high dehiscent jugular bulb. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 142(4):576-81, 2010
Fayad JN et al: Jugular foramen tumors: clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. Otol Neurotol. 31(2):299-305, 2010
Friedmann DR et al: Clinical spectrum of patients with erosion of the inner ear by jugular bulb abnormalities. Laryngoscope. 120(2):365-72, 2010
Vachata P et al: An anatomical and radiological study of the high jugular bulb on high-resolution CT scans and alcohol-fixed skulls of adults. J Clin Neurosci. 17(4):473-8, 2010
Meckel S et al: Display of dural sinuses with time-resolved, contrast-enhanced three-dimensional MR venography. Cerebrovasc Dis. 25(3):217-24, 2008
Dai PD et al: Morphological and positional relationships between the sigmoid sinus and the jugular bulb. Surg Radiol Anat. 29(8):643-51, 2007
Bilgen C et al: Jugular bulb diverticula: clinical and radiologic aspects. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 128(3):382-6, 2003
Tsunoda A: Sensorineural hearing loss caused by a high jugular bulb. J Laryngol Otol. 114(11):867-9, 2000
Palacios E et al: Jugular bulb appearing as a mass. Ear Nose Throat J. 78(8):536, 1999
Caldemeyer KS et al: The jugular foramen: a review of anatomy, masses, and imaging characteristics. Radiographics. 17(5):1123-39, 1997
Atilla S et al: Computed tomographic evaluation of surgically significant vascular variations related with the temporal bone. Eur J Radiol. 20(1):52-6, 1995
Tomura N et al: Normal variations of the temporal bone on high-resolution CT: their incidence and clinical significance. Clin Radiol. 50(3):144-8, 1995
Dietz RR et al: MR imaging and MR angiography in the evaluation of pulsatile tinnitus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 15(5):879-89, 1994
Okudera T et al: Development of posterior fossa dural sinuses, emissary veins, and jugular bulb: morphological and radiologic study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 15(10):1871-83, 1994
Ongre A: The jugular bulb once more. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 135(5):1117, 1980
Stern J et al: Jugular bulb diverticula in medial petrous bone. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 134(5):959-61, 1980
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