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Musculoskeletal
Anatomy
Knee
Knee/Leg, Normal Variants and Imaging Pitfalls
Knee/Leg, Normal Variants and Imaging Pitfalls
Julia R. Crim, MD; B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR
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Normal Variants

  • Muscle Variants

    • Osseous Variants

      • Ligamentous Variants

        • Plica Variant

          • Meniscal Variants

            Imaging Pitfalls

            • Radiographic Positioning

              • MR Positioning

                • Cartilage Thickness

                  • Partial Voluming Over Convex Surfaces

                    • Truncation Artifact

                      • Motion Mimicking Meniscal Tear

                        • Vacuum Phenomenon Mimicking Loose Body

                          Selected References

                          1. Zbojniewicz AM et al: Focal periphyseal edema (FOPE) zone on MRI of the adolescent knee: a potentially painful manifestation of physiologic physeal fusion? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 197(4):998-1004, 2011
                          2. Koplas MC et al: Third head of the gastrocnemius: an MR imaging study based on 1,039 consecutive knee examinations. Skeletal Radiol. 38(4):349-54, 2009
                          3. Sookur PA et al: Accessory muscles: anatomy, symptoms, and radiologic evaluation. Radiographics. 28(2):481-99, 2008
                          Related Anatomy
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                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                          References
                          Tables

                          Tables

                          Normal Variants

                          • Muscle Variants

                            • Osseous Variants

                              • Ligamentous Variants

                                • Plica Variant

                                  • Meniscal Variants

                                    Imaging Pitfalls

                                    • Radiographic Positioning

                                      • MR Positioning

                                        • Cartilage Thickness

                                          • Partial Voluming Over Convex Surfaces

                                            • Truncation Artifact

                                              • Motion Mimicking Meniscal Tear

                                                • Vacuum Phenomenon Mimicking Loose Body

                                                  Selected References

                                                  1. Zbojniewicz AM et al: Focal periphyseal edema (FOPE) zone on MRI of the adolescent knee: a potentially painful manifestation of physiologic physeal fusion? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 197(4):998-1004, 2011
                                                  2. Koplas MC et al: Third head of the gastrocnemius: an MR imaging study based on 1,039 consecutive knee examinations. Skeletal Radiol. 38(4):349-54, 2009
                                                  3. Sookur PA et al: Accessory muscles: anatomy, symptoms, and radiologic evaluation. Radiographics. 28(2):481-99, 2008