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Laryngocele
Evelyn W. K. Tang, MBBS, FRCRYolanda Y. P. Lee, MBChB, FRCRSimon S. M. Wong, MBBS, FRCR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Diagnostic Checklist

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Laryngeal mucocele
            • Internal laryngocele = simple laryngocele
            • Mixed laryngocele (combined, external) = laryngocele with extralaryngeal extension
          • Definitions

            • Laryngeal saccule
              • Normal mucosal outpouching projecting superiorly from laryngeal ventricle
              • Contains numerous mucous glands
              • Some think function of saccule is to lubricate true cords
            • Internal laryngocele
              • Dilated air- or fluid-filled laryngeal saccule
              • Located in paraglottic space of supraglottis
            • Mixed laryngocele
              • Extends from paraglottic space through thyrohyoid membrane to low submandibular space (SMS)
              • Contains internal (intralaryngeal) and external (extralaryngeal) components
            • Pyolaryngocele
              • Pus-containing superinfected laryngocele
            • Secondary laryngocele
              • 15% of all laryngoceles
              • Laryngocele developed secondary to obstructive lesion in glottic or inferior supraglottic larynx
              • Due to tumor, e.g., squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa), postinflammatory stenosis, trauma, surgery, or amyloid

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Ultrasonographic Findings

              • Radiographic Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                              • Microscopic Features

                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                • Presentation

                                  • Demographics

                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                      • Treatment

                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                        • Consider

                                          • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                            • Reporting Tips

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Heyes R et al: Laryngeal cysts in adults: simplifying classification and management. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 157(6):928-939, 2017
                                              2. Mobashir MK et al: Laryngoceles: concepts of diagnosis and management. Ear Nose Throat J. 96(3):133-138, 2017
                                              3. Zelenik K et al: Treatment of laryngoceles: what is the progress over the last two decades? Biomed Res Int. 2014:819453, 2014
                                              4. Conkbayir I et al: Trumpet maneuver in the sonographic diagnosis of an external laryngocele. J Clin Ultrasound. 38(1):56-8, 2010
                                              5. Töro K et al: Fatal asphyxia due to laryngomucocele. Forensic Sci Int. 190(1-3):e1-4, 2009
                                              6. Ash L et al: Radiological reasoning: submucosal laryngeal mass. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(3 Suppl):S18-21, 2008
                                              7. Dursun G et al: Current diagnosis and treatment of laryngocele in adults. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 136(2):211-5, 2007
                                              8. Schmidt M et al: False-positive uptake of I-131 in a laryngocele mimicking thyroid remnant after thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med. 31(11):716-7, 2006
                                              9. Akbas Y et al: Asymptomatic bilateral mixed-type laryngocele and laryngeal carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 261(6):307-9, 2004
                                              10. Ling FT et al: Is there a role for conservative management for symptomatic laryngopyocele? Case report and literature review. J Otolaryngol. 33(4):264-8, 2004
                                              11. Ettema SL et al: Laryngocele resection by combined external and endoscopic laser approach. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 112(4):361-4, 2003
                                              12. Stocker DJ et al: Bilateral external laryngoceles following radioiodine ablation for Graves disease. Arch Intern Med. 162(17):2007-9, 2002
                                              13. Harney M et al: Laryngocele and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol. 115(7):590-2, 2001
                                              14. Thabet MH et al: Lateral saccular cysts of the larynx. Aetiology, diagnosis and management. J Laryngol Otol. 115(4):293-7, 2001
                                              15. Ahuja AT et al: Lumps and Bumps in the Head and Neck. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000
                                              16. Cassano L et al: Laryngopyocele: three new clinical cases and review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 257(9):507-11, 2000
                                              17. Nazaroglu H et al: Laryngopyocele: signs on computed tomography. Eur J Radiol. 33(1):63-5, 2000
                                              18. Aydin O et al: Laryngeal amyloidosis with laryngocele. J Laryngol Otol. 113(4):361-3, 1999
                                              19. Alvi A et al: Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of laryngocele and its variants. Am J Otolaryngol. 19(4):251-6, 1998
                                              20. Arslan A et al: Laryngeal amyloidosis with laryngocele: MRI and CT. Neuroradiology. 40(6):401-3, 1998
                                              21. Celin SE et al: The association of laryngoceles with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Laryngoscope. 101(5):529-36, 1991
                                              22. Lewis CA et al: Symptomatic external laryngocele in a newborn: findings on plain radiographs and CT scans. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 11(5):1002, 1990
                                              23. Swartz JD et al: The laryngeal mucocele. Imaging analysis of a rare lesion. Clin Imaging. 14(2):110-5, 1990
                                              24. Glazer HS et al: Computed tomography of laryngoceles. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 140(3):549-52, 1983
                                              Related Anatomy
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                                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                              References
                                              Tables

                                              Tables

                                              KEY FACTS

                                              • Terminology

                                                • Imaging

                                                  • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                    • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                      TERMINOLOGY

                                                      • Synonyms

                                                        • Laryngeal mucocele
                                                        • Internal laryngocele = simple laryngocele
                                                        • Mixed laryngocele (combined, external) = laryngocele with extralaryngeal extension
                                                      • Definitions

                                                        • Laryngeal saccule
                                                          • Normal mucosal outpouching projecting superiorly from laryngeal ventricle
                                                          • Contains numerous mucous glands
                                                          • Some think function of saccule is to lubricate true cords
                                                        • Internal laryngocele
                                                          • Dilated air- or fluid-filled laryngeal saccule
                                                          • Located in paraglottic space of supraglottis
                                                        • Mixed laryngocele
                                                          • Extends from paraglottic space through thyrohyoid membrane to low submandibular space (SMS)
                                                          • Contains internal (intralaryngeal) and external (extralaryngeal) components
                                                        • Pyolaryngocele
                                                          • Pus-containing superinfected laryngocele
                                                        • Secondary laryngocele
                                                          • 15% of all laryngoceles
                                                          • Laryngocele developed secondary to obstructive lesion in glottic or inferior supraglottic larynx
                                                          • Due to tumor, e.g., squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa), postinflammatory stenosis, trauma, surgery, or amyloid

                                                      IMAGING

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                                            • CT Findings

                                                              • MR Findings

                                                                • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                                      • General Features

                                                                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                          • Microscopic Features

                                                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                            • Presentation

                                                                              • Demographics

                                                                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                  • Treatment

                                                                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                    • Consider

                                                                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                        • Reporting Tips

                                                                                          Selected References

                                                                                          1. Heyes R et al: Laryngeal cysts in adults: simplifying classification and management. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 157(6):928-939, 2017
                                                                                          2. Mobashir MK et al: Laryngoceles: concepts of diagnosis and management. Ear Nose Throat J. 96(3):133-138, 2017
                                                                                          3. Zelenik K et al: Treatment of laryngoceles: what is the progress over the last two decades? Biomed Res Int. 2014:819453, 2014
                                                                                          4. Conkbayir I et al: Trumpet maneuver in the sonographic diagnosis of an external laryngocele. J Clin Ultrasound. 38(1):56-8, 2010
                                                                                          5. Töro K et al: Fatal asphyxia due to laryngomucocele. Forensic Sci Int. 190(1-3):e1-4, 2009
                                                                                          6. Ash L et al: Radiological reasoning: submucosal laryngeal mass. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(3 Suppl):S18-21, 2008
                                                                                          7. Dursun G et al: Current diagnosis and treatment of laryngocele in adults. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 136(2):211-5, 2007
                                                                                          8. Schmidt M et al: False-positive uptake of I-131 in a laryngocele mimicking thyroid remnant after thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med. 31(11):716-7, 2006
                                                                                          9. Akbas Y et al: Asymptomatic bilateral mixed-type laryngocele and laryngeal carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 261(6):307-9, 2004
                                                                                          10. Ling FT et al: Is there a role for conservative management for symptomatic laryngopyocele? Case report and literature review. J Otolaryngol. 33(4):264-8, 2004
                                                                                          11. Ettema SL et al: Laryngocele resection by combined external and endoscopic laser approach. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 112(4):361-4, 2003
                                                                                          12. Stocker DJ et al: Bilateral external laryngoceles following radioiodine ablation for Graves disease. Arch Intern Med. 162(17):2007-9, 2002
                                                                                          13. Harney M et al: Laryngocele and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. J Laryngol Otol. 115(7):590-2, 2001
                                                                                          14. Thabet MH et al: Lateral saccular cysts of the larynx. Aetiology, diagnosis and management. J Laryngol Otol. 115(4):293-7, 2001
                                                                                          15. Ahuja AT et al: Lumps and Bumps in the Head and Neck. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000
                                                                                          16. Cassano L et al: Laryngopyocele: three new clinical cases and review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 257(9):507-11, 2000
                                                                                          17. Nazaroglu H et al: Laryngopyocele: signs on computed tomography. Eur J Radiol. 33(1):63-5, 2000
                                                                                          18. Aydin O et al: Laryngeal amyloidosis with laryngocele. J Laryngol Otol. 113(4):361-3, 1999
                                                                                          19. Alvi A et al: Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of laryngocele and its variants. Am J Otolaryngol. 19(4):251-6, 1998
                                                                                          20. Arslan A et al: Laryngeal amyloidosis with laryngocele: MRI and CT. Neuroradiology. 40(6):401-3, 1998
                                                                                          21. Celin SE et al: The association of laryngoceles with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Laryngoscope. 101(5):529-36, 1991
                                                                                          22. Lewis CA et al: Symptomatic external laryngocele in a newborn: findings on plain radiographs and CT scans. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 11(5):1002, 1990
                                                                                          23. Swartz JD et al: The laryngeal mucocele. Imaging analysis of a rare lesion. Clin Imaging. 14(2):110-5, 1990
                                                                                          24. Glazer HS et al: Computed tomography of laryngoceles. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 140(3):549-52, 1983