Idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head in children
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Chong DY et al: Reliability and validity of visual estimation of femoral head hypoperfusion on perfusion MRI in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop. 41(9):e780-6, 2021
Jones CE et al: T1ρ and T2 MRI show hip cartilage damage in adolescents with healed Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop B. ePub, 2021
Tis JE et al: Reproducibility of radiographic measurements made in the active stages of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: evaluation of a prognostic indicator and an interim outcome measure. J Pediatr Orthop. 41(2):93-8, 2021
Pavone V et al: Aetiology of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a systematic review. World J Orthop. 10(3):145-65, 2019
Jandl NM et al: MRI and sonography in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: clinical relevance of containment and influence on treatment. J Child Orthop. 12(5):472-9, 2018
Divi SN et al: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Pediatr Ann. 45(4):e144-9, 2016
Yoo WJ et al: Risk factors for femoral head deformity in the early stage of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: MR contrast enhancement and diffusion indexes. Radiology. 279(2):562-70, 2016
Heesakkers N et al: The long-term prognosis of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a historical prospective study with a median follow-up of forty one years. Int Orthop. 39(5):859-63, 2015
Hyman JE et al: Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the modified Waldenström classification system for staging of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 97(8):643-50, 2015
Kotoura Y et al: Assessment of lateral subluxation in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a time-sequential study of magnetic resonance imaging and plain radiography. J Pediatr Orthop B. 24(6):493-506, 2015
Accadbled F et al: "Femoroacetabular impingement". Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: from childhood to adulthood. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 100(6):647-9, 2014
Kim HK et al: Perfusion MRI in early stage of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease to predict lateral pillar involvement: a preliminary study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 96(14):1152-60, 2014
Mazloumi SM et al: Evolution in diagnosis and treatment of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2(2):86-92, 2014
Park KW et al: Extent of physeal involvement in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Int Orthop. 38(11):2303-8, 2014
Shah H: Perthes disease: Evaluation and management. Orthop Clin North Am. 45(1):87-97, 2014
Kim HK et al: A comparison of non-contrast and contrast-enhanced MRI in the initial stage of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Pediatr Radiol. 43(9):1166-73, 2013
Shah H et al: Quantitative measures for evaluating the radiographic outcome of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 95(4):354-61, 2013
Nguyen NA et al: Operative versus nonoperative treatments for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a meta-analysis. J Pediatr Orthop. 32(7):697-705, 2012
Park MS et al: Reliability and stability of three common classifications for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 470(9):2376-82, 2012
Ross JR et al: Intraarticular abnormalities in residual Perthes and Perthes-like hip deformities. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 470(11):2968-77, 2012
Kuo KN et al: Classification of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop. 31(2 Suppl):S168-73, 2011
Lobert PF et al: Unexpected MRI findings in clinically suspected Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Pediatr Radiol. 41(3):369-73, 2011
Merlini L et al: Diffusion-weighted imaging findings in Perthes disease with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced subtracted (DGS) MR correlation: a preliminary study. Pediatr Radiol. 40(3):318-25, 2010
Zilkens C et al: Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage in the long-term follow-up after Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop. 30(2):147-53, 2010
Dillman JR et al: MRI of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 193(5):1394-407, 2009
Ha AS et al: Importance of sagittal MR imaging in nontraumatic femoral head osteonecrosis in children. Pediatr Radiol. 38(11):1195-200, 2008
Link TM et al: Cartilage imaging: motivation, techniques, current and future significance. Eur Radiol. 17(5):1135-46, 2007
Van Tongel A et al: Epiphysiodesis of the greater trochanter in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: the importance of timing. Acta Orthop Belg. 72(3):309-13, 2006
Rowe SM et al: Dysplasia epiphysealis capitis femoris: Meyer dysplasia. J Pediatr Orthop. 25(1):18-21, 2005
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease
Synonyms
Legg-Perthes or Perthes disease
Juvenile idiopathic osteonecrosis
Definitions
Idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head in children
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Chong DY et al: Reliability and validity of visual estimation of femoral head hypoperfusion on perfusion MRI in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop. 41(9):e780-6, 2021
Jones CE et al: T1ρ and T2 MRI show hip cartilage damage in adolescents with healed Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop B. ePub, 2021
Tis JE et al: Reproducibility of radiographic measurements made in the active stages of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: evaluation of a prognostic indicator and an interim outcome measure. J Pediatr Orthop. 41(2):93-8, 2021
Pavone V et al: Aetiology of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a systematic review. World J Orthop. 10(3):145-65, 2019
Jandl NM et al: MRI and sonography in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: clinical relevance of containment and influence on treatment. J Child Orthop. 12(5):472-9, 2018
Divi SN et al: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Pediatr Ann. 45(4):e144-9, 2016
Yoo WJ et al: Risk factors for femoral head deformity in the early stage of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: MR contrast enhancement and diffusion indexes. Radiology. 279(2):562-70, 2016
Heesakkers N et al: The long-term prognosis of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a historical prospective study with a median follow-up of forty one years. Int Orthop. 39(5):859-63, 2015
Hyman JE et al: Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the modified Waldenström classification system for staging of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 97(8):643-50, 2015
Kotoura Y et al: Assessment of lateral subluxation in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a time-sequential study of magnetic resonance imaging and plain radiography. J Pediatr Orthop B. 24(6):493-506, 2015
Accadbled F et al: "Femoroacetabular impingement". Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: from childhood to adulthood. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 100(6):647-9, 2014
Kim HK et al: Perfusion MRI in early stage of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease to predict lateral pillar involvement: a preliminary study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 96(14):1152-60, 2014
Mazloumi SM et al: Evolution in diagnosis and treatment of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2(2):86-92, 2014
Park KW et al: Extent of physeal involvement in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Int Orthop. 38(11):2303-8, 2014
Shah H: Perthes disease: Evaluation and management. Orthop Clin North Am. 45(1):87-97, 2014
Kim HK et al: A comparison of non-contrast and contrast-enhanced MRI in the initial stage of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Pediatr Radiol. 43(9):1166-73, 2013
Shah H et al: Quantitative measures for evaluating the radiographic outcome of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 95(4):354-61, 2013
Nguyen NA et al: Operative versus nonoperative treatments for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a meta-analysis. J Pediatr Orthop. 32(7):697-705, 2012
Park MS et al: Reliability and stability of three common classifications for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 470(9):2376-82, 2012
Ross JR et al: Intraarticular abnormalities in residual Perthes and Perthes-like hip deformities. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 470(11):2968-77, 2012
Kuo KN et al: Classification of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop. 31(2 Suppl):S168-73, 2011
Lobert PF et al: Unexpected MRI findings in clinically suspected Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Pediatr Radiol. 41(3):369-73, 2011
Merlini L et al: Diffusion-weighted imaging findings in Perthes disease with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced subtracted (DGS) MR correlation: a preliminary study. Pediatr Radiol. 40(3):318-25, 2010
Zilkens C et al: Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage in the long-term follow-up after Perthes disease. J Pediatr Orthop. 30(2):147-53, 2010
Dillman JR et al: MRI of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 193(5):1394-407, 2009
Ha AS et al: Importance of sagittal MR imaging in nontraumatic femoral head osteonecrosis in children. Pediatr Radiol. 38(11):1195-200, 2008
Link TM et al: Cartilage imaging: motivation, techniques, current and future significance. Eur Radiol. 17(5):1135-46, 2007
Van Tongel A et al: Epiphysiodesis of the greater trochanter in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: the importance of timing. Acta Orthop Belg. 72(3):309-13, 2006
Rowe SM et al: Dysplasia epiphysealis capitis femoris: Meyer dysplasia. J Pediatr Orthop. 25(1):18-21, 2005
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