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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Acute lymphocytic (= lymphoblastic) leukemia (ALL)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
- Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)
Synonyms
- Myeloid sarcoma = granulocytic sarcoma = chloroma (mass due to AML)
- Secondary infiltration of breast ducts or lobules by small round leukemic cells
- Myeloid sarcoma = granulocytic sarcoma = chloroma (mass due to AML)
IMAGING
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Oravcova I et al: A unique clinical presentation of de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia as a myeloid sarcoma of the breast. Int J Hematol. 108(5): 550-3, 2018
- Arber DA et al: Initial diagnostic workup of acute leukemia: Guideline from the College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Hematology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 141(10): 1342-93, 2017
- Aslan H et al: Breast involvement by hematologic malignancies: Ultrasound and elastography findings with clinical outcomes. J Clin Imaging Sci. 7:42, 2017
- Edison MN et al: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia presenting as bilateral breast masses. Pediatr Radiol. 47(1):104-107, 2017
- Pan L et al: Secondary breast carcinoma after completely remitted chronic myeloid leukemia following targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Breast Cancer. 24(6):790-793, 2017
- Wienbeck S et al: Radiological imaging characteristics of intramammary hematological malignancies: results from a german multicenter study. Sci Rep. 7(1):7435, 2017
- Fernandes Vieira V et al: Granulocytic Sarcoma Presenting as a Palpable Breast Lump. Front Surg. 3:67, 2016
- Liu B et al: Complete response of extramedullary relapse in breast of acute T lymphoblastic leukemia after bone marrow transplantation to chemoradiotherapy: a case report and literature review. BMC Cancer. 16(1):875, 2016
- Smolej L et al: Practical approach to management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Arch Med Sci. 12(2):448-56, 2016
- Houghtelin AB et al: Extramedullary Breast Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Controlled with a Second Allogeneic/Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 4(1):50-3, 2015
- Jafarian N et al: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Presenting as a Collision Breast Tumor. Clin Breast Cancer. 15(4):e209-12, 2015
- Luzurier A et al: Breast infiltration by relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia on FDG PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 42(5):811-2, 2015
- Zhu D et al: Synchronous breast carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a Chinese young female: a rare combination. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 8(5):5952-4, 2015
- Glazebrook KN et al: Breast imaging findings in haematological malignancies. Insights Imaging. 5(6):715-22, 2014
- Dialani V et al: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia involving the breast parenchyma, mimicker of invasive breast cancer: differentiation on breast MRI. Case Rep Med. 2013:603614, 2013
- Kim SJ: Magnetic resonance imaging features of breast leukemia. Magn Reson Med Sci. 12(4):309-13, 2013
- Surov A: Imaging findings of hematologic diseases affecting the breast. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 34(6):550-7, 2013
- Chetlen A et al: Is screening detected bilateral axillary adenopathy on mammography clinically significant? Breast J. 18(6):582-7, 2012
- Surov A et al: Breast leukemia: an update. Acta Radiol. 53(3):261-6, 2012
- Ginat DT et al: FDG PET/CT manifestations of hematopoietic malignancies of the breast. Acad Radiol. 17(8):1026-30, 2010
- Kumar PR et al: Isolated extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the breast of an adolescent girl: radiologic findings and discussion. Pediatr Radiol. 40(5):773-6, 2010
- Kinoshita T et al: Multicentric granulocytic sarcoma of the breast: mammographic, sonographic, and MR findings. Clin Imaging. 30(4):271-4, 2006
- Nishida H et al: MR findings of granulocytic sarcoma of the breasts. Br J Radiol. 79(945):e112-5, 2006
- Patel T et al: The clinical importance of axillary lymphadenopathy detected on screening mammography: revisited. Clin Radiol. 60(1):64-71, 2005
- Rosen P: Rosen's Breast Pathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 881-2, 2001
- Murray ME et al: The clinical importance of axillary lymphadenopathy detected on screening mammography. Clin Radiol. 52(6):458-61, 1997
- Walsh R et al: Axillary lymph nodes: mammographic, pathologic, and clinical correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 168(1):33-8, 1997
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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Acute lymphocytic (= lymphoblastic) leukemia (ALL)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
- Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)
Synonyms
- Myeloid sarcoma = granulocytic sarcoma = chloroma (mass due to AML)
- Secondary infiltration of breast ducts or lobules by small round leukemic cells
- Myeloid sarcoma = granulocytic sarcoma = chloroma (mass due to AML)
IMAGING
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Oravcova I et al: A unique clinical presentation of de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia as a myeloid sarcoma of the breast. Int J Hematol. 108(5): 550-3, 2018
- Arber DA et al: Initial diagnostic workup of acute leukemia: Guideline from the College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Hematology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 141(10): 1342-93, 2017
- Aslan H et al: Breast involvement by hematologic malignancies: Ultrasound and elastography findings with clinical outcomes. J Clin Imaging Sci. 7:42, 2017
- Edison MN et al: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia presenting as bilateral breast masses. Pediatr Radiol. 47(1):104-107, 2017
- Pan L et al: Secondary breast carcinoma after completely remitted chronic myeloid leukemia following targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Breast Cancer. 24(6):790-793, 2017
- Wienbeck S et al: Radiological imaging characteristics of intramammary hematological malignancies: results from a german multicenter study. Sci Rep. 7(1):7435, 2017
- Fernandes Vieira V et al: Granulocytic Sarcoma Presenting as a Palpable Breast Lump. Front Surg. 3:67, 2016
- Liu B et al: Complete response of extramedullary relapse in breast of acute T lymphoblastic leukemia after bone marrow transplantation to chemoradiotherapy: a case report and literature review. BMC Cancer. 16(1):875, 2016
- Smolej L et al: Practical approach to management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Arch Med Sci. 12(2):448-56, 2016
- Houghtelin AB et al: Extramedullary Breast Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Controlled with a Second Allogeneic/Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 4(1):50-3, 2015
- Jafarian N et al: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Presenting as a Collision Breast Tumor. Clin Breast Cancer. 15(4):e209-12, 2015
- Luzurier A et al: Breast infiltration by relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia on FDG PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 42(5):811-2, 2015
- Zhu D et al: Synchronous breast carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a Chinese young female: a rare combination. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 8(5):5952-4, 2015
- Glazebrook KN et al: Breast imaging findings in haematological malignancies. Insights Imaging. 5(6):715-22, 2014
- Dialani V et al: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia involving the breast parenchyma, mimicker of invasive breast cancer: differentiation on breast MRI. Case Rep Med. 2013:603614, 2013
- Kim SJ: Magnetic resonance imaging features of breast leukemia. Magn Reson Med Sci. 12(4):309-13, 2013
- Surov A: Imaging findings of hematologic diseases affecting the breast. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 34(6):550-7, 2013
- Chetlen A et al: Is screening detected bilateral axillary adenopathy on mammography clinically significant? Breast J. 18(6):582-7, 2012
- Surov A et al: Breast leukemia: an update. Acta Radiol. 53(3):261-6, 2012
- Ginat DT et al: FDG PET/CT manifestations of hematopoietic malignancies of the breast. Acad Radiol. 17(8):1026-30, 2010
- Kumar PR et al: Isolated extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the breast of an adolescent girl: radiologic findings and discussion. Pediatr Radiol. 40(5):773-6, 2010
- Kinoshita T et al: Multicentric granulocytic sarcoma of the breast: mammographic, sonographic, and MR findings. Clin Imaging. 30(4):271-4, 2006
- Nishida H et al: MR findings of granulocytic sarcoma of the breasts. Br J Radiol. 79(945):e112-5, 2006
- Patel T et al: The clinical importance of axillary lymphadenopathy detected on screening mammography: revisited. Clin Radiol. 60(1):64-71, 2005
- Rosen P: Rosen's Breast Pathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 881-2, 2001
- Murray ME et al: The clinical importance of axillary lymphadenopathy detected on screening mammography. Clin Radiol. 52(6):458-61, 1997
- Walsh R et al: Axillary lymph nodes: mammographic, pathologic, and clinical correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 168(1):33-8, 1997
