Rare lethal malformation complex with large abdominal wall defect (AWD), limb anomalies, &/or craniofacial anomalies
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Revels JW et al: An algorithmic approach to complex fetal abdominal wall defects. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 214(1):218-31, 2020
Victoria T et al: Fetal anterior abdominal wall defects: prenatal imaging by magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Radiol. 48(4):499-512, 2018
Bijok J et al: Complex malformations involving the fetal body wall - definition and classification issues. Prenat Diagn. 37(10):1033-9, 2017
Bhat A et al: Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of limb-body wall complex: case series of a rare congenital anomaly. Radiol Case Rep. 11(2):116-20, 2016
Iqbal CW et al: Amniotic band syndrome: a single-institutional experience. Fetal Diagn Ther. 37(1):1-5, 2015
Kocherla K et al: Prenatal diagnosis of body stalk complex: a rare entity and review of literature. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 25(1):67-70, 2015
Aguirre-Pascual E et al: Prenatal MRI evaluation of limb-body wall complex. Pediatr Radiol. 44(11):1412-20, 2014
Mandrekar SR et al: Omphalocele, exstrophy of cloaca, imperforate anus and spinal defect (OEIS complex) with overlapping features of body stalk anomaly (limb body wall complex). Indian J Hum Genet. 20(2):195-8, 2014
Hunter AG et al: Limb-body wall defect. Is there a defensible hypothesis and can it explain all the associated anomalies? Am J Med Genet A. 155A(9):2045-59, 2011
Adonakis G et al: A case of body stalk anomaly at 12 weeks of gestation. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 35(3):218-20, 2008
Chen CP et al: Prenatal imaging of limb-body wall complex by magnetic resonance imaging. Prenat Diagn. 25(6):521-3, 2005
Daskalakis G et al: Body stalk anomaly diagnosed in the 2nd trimester. Fetal Diagn Ther. 18(5):342-4, 2003
Smrcek JM et al: Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and management of body stalk anomaly: analysis of nine singleton and two multiple pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 21(4):322-8, 2003
Luehr B et al: Limb-body wall complex: a case series. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 12(2):132-7, 2002
Pumberger W et al: Limb-body wall complex: a compound anomaly pattern in body-wall defects. Pediatr Surg Int. 17(5-6):486-90, 2001
Martínez-Frías ML: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of infants with body wall complex with and without limb deficiency. Am J Med Genet. 73(2):170-5, 1997
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References
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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Limb-body wall complex (LBWC)
Synonyms
Body stalk anomaly
Definitions
Rare lethal malformation complex with large abdominal wall defect (AWD), limb anomalies, &/or craniofacial anomalies
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Revels JW et al: An algorithmic approach to complex fetal abdominal wall defects. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 214(1):218-31, 2020
Victoria T et al: Fetal anterior abdominal wall defects: prenatal imaging by magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Radiol. 48(4):499-512, 2018
Bijok J et al: Complex malformations involving the fetal body wall - definition and classification issues. Prenat Diagn. 37(10):1033-9, 2017
Bhat A et al: Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of limb-body wall complex: case series of a rare congenital anomaly. Radiol Case Rep. 11(2):116-20, 2016
Iqbal CW et al: Amniotic band syndrome: a single-institutional experience. Fetal Diagn Ther. 37(1):1-5, 2015
Kocherla K et al: Prenatal diagnosis of body stalk complex: a rare entity and review of literature. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 25(1):67-70, 2015
Aguirre-Pascual E et al: Prenatal MRI evaluation of limb-body wall complex. Pediatr Radiol. 44(11):1412-20, 2014
Mandrekar SR et al: Omphalocele, exstrophy of cloaca, imperforate anus and spinal defect (OEIS complex) with overlapping features of body stalk anomaly (limb body wall complex). Indian J Hum Genet. 20(2):195-8, 2014
Hunter AG et al: Limb-body wall defect. Is there a defensible hypothesis and can it explain all the associated anomalies? Am J Med Genet A. 155A(9):2045-59, 2011
Adonakis G et al: A case of body stalk anomaly at 12 weeks of gestation. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 35(3):218-20, 2008
Chen CP et al: Prenatal imaging of limb-body wall complex by magnetic resonance imaging. Prenat Diagn. 25(6):521-3, 2005
Daskalakis G et al: Body stalk anomaly diagnosed in the 2nd trimester. Fetal Diagn Ther. 18(5):342-4, 2003
Smrcek JM et al: Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and management of body stalk anomaly: analysis of nine singleton and two multiple pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 21(4):322-8, 2003
Luehr B et al: Limb-body wall complex: a case series. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 12(2):132-7, 2002
Pumberger W et al: Limb-body wall complex: a compound anomaly pattern in body-wall defects. Pediatr Surg Int. 17(5-6):486-90, 2001
Martínez-Frías ML: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of infants with body wall complex with and without limb deficiency. Am J Med Genet. 73(2):170-5, 1997
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