Most often mild, associated with higher INR suggesting relationship to severity of liver synthesis compromise
Diaphragmatic hernia post transplant
IMAGING
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Imaging Recommendations
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
Selected References
Franke D et al: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of transplant organs - liver and kidney - in children. Pediatr Radiol. ePub, 2021
Lee AY et al: Non-operative management of biliary complications after liver transplantation in pediatric patients: a 30-year experience. Pediatr Transplant. e14028, 2021
Lim CJ et al: Clinical usefulness of T1-weighted MR cholangiography with Gd-EOB-DTPA for the evaluation of biliary complication after liver transplantation. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 25(1):39-45, 2021
Namgoong JM et al: Outflow vein venoplasty of left lateral section graft for living donor liver transplantation in infant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. e13970, 2021
Uchida H et al: Impact of prolonged clamping of the portal vein during liver transplantation in infants with biliary atresia: renewed interest in a long-standing issue. Surg Today. 51(8):1292-9, 2021
Channaoui A et al: Management and outcome of hepatic artery thrombosis after pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. e13938, 2020
Elisofon SA et al: Society of pediatric liver transplantation: current registry status 2011-2018. Pediatr Transplant. 24(1):e13605, 2020
Gautier S et al: Time is of the essence: a single-center experience of hepatic arterial supply impairment management in pediatric liver transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. e13934, 2020
Karmazyn B et al: Initial experience with contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the first week after liver transplantation in children: a useful adjunct to Doppler ultrasound. Pediatr Radiol. 51(2):248-56, 2020
Kilic M et al: Bilioenteric reconstruction techniques in pediatric living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 27(2):257-63, 2020
Lin AN et al: Management of biliary stricture in pediatric living donor liver transplantation recipients. Transplant Proc. 52(6):1844-8, 2020
Na L et al: Clinical study of argatroban for preventing vascular thrombosis in the early period after pediatric living-related donor liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 24(2):e13654, 2020
Phichaphop C et al: High prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infection following pediatric liver transplantation. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(45):e23169, 2020
Silver LJ et al: Acute kidney injury following pediatric liver transplant. J Intensive Care Med. 885066620978729, 2020
Taylor SA et al: Improved outcomes for liver transplantation in patients with biliary atresia since pediatric end-stage liver disease implementation: analysis of the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation Registry. J Pediatr. 219:89-97, 2020
Waldron LS et al: Diaphragmatic hernia following pediatric liver transplantation: an underappreciated complication prone to recur. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 31(5):396-406, 2020
Werner MJM et al: Routine postoperative antithrombotic therapy in pediatric liver transplantation: impact on bleeding and thrombotic complications. Thromb Haemost. 120(4):627-37, 2020
Yin C et al: Risk factors for portal vein stenosis in pediatric liver transplantation. Clin Transplant. 34(8):e13992, 2020
Ahmad T et al: Doppler parameters of the hepatic artery as predictors of graft status in pediatric liver transplantation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 209(3):671-5, 2017
De Luca M et al: Invasive candidiasis in liver transplant patients: incidence and risk factors in a pediatric cohort. Pediatr Transplant. 20(2):235-40, 2016
Foster BJ et al: High risk of liver allograft failure during late adolescence and young adulthood. Transplantation. 100(3):577-84, 2016
Kerkar N et al: Pediatric liver transplantation: a North American perspective. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1-11, 2016
Lee KW et al: Outcome of partial reconstruction of multiple hepatic arteries in pediatric living donor liver transplantation using left liver grafts. Transpl Int. 29(8):890-6, 2016
Neto JS et al: Alternatives for vascular reconstruction in pediatric living donor liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 20(5):717-22, 2016
Ranawaka R et al: Combined liver and kidney transplantation in children: analysis of renal graft outcome. Pediatr Nephrol. 31(9):1539-43, 2016
Sang AX et al: EBV-associated lymphoepithelial carcinoma after pediatric liver transplant. Liver Transpl. 22(6):849-53, 2016
Seda-Neto J et al: Twenty years of experience in pediatric living donor liver transplantation: focus on hepatic artery reconstruction, complications, and outcomes. Transplantation. 100(5):1066-72, 2016
Stanescu AL et al: Pediatric abdominal organ transplantation: current indications, techniques, and imaging findings. Radiol Clin North Am. 54(2):281-302, 2016
Stine JG et al: Pre-transplant portal vein thrombosis is an independent risk factor for graft loss due to hepatic artery thrombosis in liver transplant recipients. HPB (Oxford). 18(3):279-86, 2016
Choi JW et al: Long-term outcome of endovascular intervention in hepatic venous outflow obstruction following pediatric liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 21(9):1219-26, 2015
Crowley JJ et al: Retained surgical stents as a cause of biliary obstruction in pediatric liver transplants. Pediatr Radiol. 45(3):430-4, 2015
Feier FH et al: Biliary complications after pediatric liver transplantation: risk factors, diagnosis and management. World J Hepatol. 7(18):2162-70, 2015
Kamran Hejazi Kenari S et al: Current state of the art in management of vascular complications after pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 19(1):18-26, 2015
Laurence JM et al: Biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation: incidence and management over a decade. Liver Transpl. 21(8):1082-90, 2015
Tannuri U et al: Technique advance to avoid hepatic venous outflow obstruction in pediatric living-donor liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 19(3):261-6, 2015
Teplisky D et al: Ultrasonography, laboratory, and cholangiography correlation of biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 19(2):170-4, 2015
Jamieson LH et al: Doppler ultrasound velocities and resistive indexes immediately after pediatric liver transplantation: normal ranges and predictors of failure. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(1):W110-6, 2014
Lüthold SC et al: Risk factors for early and late biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 18(8):822-30, 2014
Shaheen MF et al: Outcome of duct-to-duct vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses in below 15-kg pediatric liver transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. 18(8):831-8, 2014
Tannuri AC et al: A new simplified technique of arterial reconstruction in pediatric living-donor liver transplantation: a comparison with the classical technique. J Pediatr Surg. 49(10):1518-21, 2014
Yabuta M et al: Long-term outcome of percutaneous transhepatic balloon angioplasty for portal vein stenosis after pediatric living donor liver transplantation: a single institute's experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 25(9):1406-12, 2014
Moon SB et al: Graft rotation and late portal vein complications in pediatric living donor liver transplantation using left-sided grafts: Long-term computed tomography observations. Liver Transpl. 17(6):717-22, 2011
Babyn PS: Imaging of the transplant liver. Pediatr Radiol. 40(4):442-6, 2010
Most often mild, associated with higher INR suggesting relationship to severity of liver synthesis compromise
Diaphragmatic hernia post transplant
IMAGING
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Imaging Recommendations
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
Selected References
Franke D et al: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of transplant organs - liver and kidney - in children. Pediatr Radiol. ePub, 2021
Lee AY et al: Non-operative management of biliary complications after liver transplantation in pediatric patients: a 30-year experience. Pediatr Transplant. e14028, 2021
Lim CJ et al: Clinical usefulness of T1-weighted MR cholangiography with Gd-EOB-DTPA for the evaluation of biliary complication after liver transplantation. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 25(1):39-45, 2021
Namgoong JM et al: Outflow vein venoplasty of left lateral section graft for living donor liver transplantation in infant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. e13970, 2021
Uchida H et al: Impact of prolonged clamping of the portal vein during liver transplantation in infants with biliary atresia: renewed interest in a long-standing issue. Surg Today. 51(8):1292-9, 2021
Channaoui A et al: Management and outcome of hepatic artery thrombosis after pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. e13938, 2020
Elisofon SA et al: Society of pediatric liver transplantation: current registry status 2011-2018. Pediatr Transplant. 24(1):e13605, 2020
Gautier S et al: Time is of the essence: a single-center experience of hepatic arterial supply impairment management in pediatric liver transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. e13934, 2020
Karmazyn B et al: Initial experience with contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the first week after liver transplantation in children: a useful adjunct to Doppler ultrasound. Pediatr Radiol. 51(2):248-56, 2020
Kilic M et al: Bilioenteric reconstruction techniques in pediatric living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 27(2):257-63, 2020
Lin AN et al: Management of biliary stricture in pediatric living donor liver transplantation recipients. Transplant Proc. 52(6):1844-8, 2020
Na L et al: Clinical study of argatroban for preventing vascular thrombosis in the early period after pediatric living-related donor liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 24(2):e13654, 2020
Phichaphop C et al: High prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infection following pediatric liver transplantation. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(45):e23169, 2020
Silver LJ et al: Acute kidney injury following pediatric liver transplant. J Intensive Care Med. 885066620978729, 2020
Taylor SA et al: Improved outcomes for liver transplantation in patients with biliary atresia since pediatric end-stage liver disease implementation: analysis of the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation Registry. J Pediatr. 219:89-97, 2020
Waldron LS et al: Diaphragmatic hernia following pediatric liver transplantation: an underappreciated complication prone to recur. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 31(5):396-406, 2020
Werner MJM et al: Routine postoperative antithrombotic therapy in pediatric liver transplantation: impact on bleeding and thrombotic complications. Thromb Haemost. 120(4):627-37, 2020
Yin C et al: Risk factors for portal vein stenosis in pediatric liver transplantation. Clin Transplant. 34(8):e13992, 2020
Ahmad T et al: Doppler parameters of the hepatic artery as predictors of graft status in pediatric liver transplantation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 209(3):671-5, 2017
De Luca M et al: Invasive candidiasis in liver transplant patients: incidence and risk factors in a pediatric cohort. Pediatr Transplant. 20(2):235-40, 2016
Foster BJ et al: High risk of liver allograft failure during late adolescence and young adulthood. Transplantation. 100(3):577-84, 2016
Kerkar N et al: Pediatric liver transplantation: a North American perspective. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1-11, 2016
Lee KW et al: Outcome of partial reconstruction of multiple hepatic arteries in pediatric living donor liver transplantation using left liver grafts. Transpl Int. 29(8):890-6, 2016
Neto JS et al: Alternatives for vascular reconstruction in pediatric living donor liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 20(5):717-22, 2016
Ranawaka R et al: Combined liver and kidney transplantation in children: analysis of renal graft outcome. Pediatr Nephrol. 31(9):1539-43, 2016
Sang AX et al: EBV-associated lymphoepithelial carcinoma after pediatric liver transplant. Liver Transpl. 22(6):849-53, 2016
Seda-Neto J et al: Twenty years of experience in pediatric living donor liver transplantation: focus on hepatic artery reconstruction, complications, and outcomes. Transplantation. 100(5):1066-72, 2016
Stanescu AL et al: Pediatric abdominal organ transplantation: current indications, techniques, and imaging findings. Radiol Clin North Am. 54(2):281-302, 2016
Stine JG et al: Pre-transplant portal vein thrombosis is an independent risk factor for graft loss due to hepatic artery thrombosis in liver transplant recipients. HPB (Oxford). 18(3):279-86, 2016
Choi JW et al: Long-term outcome of endovascular intervention in hepatic venous outflow obstruction following pediatric liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 21(9):1219-26, 2015
Crowley JJ et al: Retained surgical stents as a cause of biliary obstruction in pediatric liver transplants. Pediatr Radiol. 45(3):430-4, 2015
Feier FH et al: Biliary complications after pediatric liver transplantation: risk factors, diagnosis and management. World J Hepatol. 7(18):2162-70, 2015
Kamran Hejazi Kenari S et al: Current state of the art in management of vascular complications after pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 19(1):18-26, 2015
Laurence JM et al: Biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation: incidence and management over a decade. Liver Transpl. 21(8):1082-90, 2015
Tannuri U et al: Technique advance to avoid hepatic venous outflow obstruction in pediatric living-donor liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 19(3):261-6, 2015
Teplisky D et al: Ultrasonography, laboratory, and cholangiography correlation of biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 19(2):170-4, 2015
Jamieson LH et al: Doppler ultrasound velocities and resistive indexes immediately after pediatric liver transplantation: normal ranges and predictors of failure. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(1):W110-6, 2014
Lüthold SC et al: Risk factors for early and late biliary complications in pediatric liver transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 18(8):822-30, 2014
Shaheen MF et al: Outcome of duct-to-duct vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses in below 15-kg pediatric liver transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. 18(8):831-8, 2014
Tannuri AC et al: A new simplified technique of arterial reconstruction in pediatric living-donor liver transplantation: a comparison with the classical technique. J Pediatr Surg. 49(10):1518-21, 2014
Yabuta M et al: Long-term outcome of percutaneous transhepatic balloon angioplasty for portal vein stenosis after pediatric living donor liver transplantation: a single institute's experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 25(9):1406-12, 2014
Moon SB et al: Graft rotation and late portal vein complications in pediatric living donor liver transplantation using left-sided grafts: Long-term computed tomography observations. Liver Transpl. 17(6):717-22, 2011
Babyn PS: Imaging of the transplant liver. Pediatr Radiol. 40(4):442-6, 2010
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