Lymph nodes not included in tumor-node-metastasis (TNM)-7 nomenclature
Axillary, subpectoral, internal mammary, diaphragmatic, and abdominal
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
El-Sherief AH et al: International association for the study of lung cancer (IASLC) lymph node map: radiologic review with CT illustration. Radiographics. 34(6):1680-91, 2014
Koyama H et al: Magnetic resonance imaging for lung cancer. J Thorac Imaging. 28(3):138-50, 2013
Nair A et al: Revisions to the TNM staging of non-small cell lung cancer: rationale, clinicoradiologic implications, and persistent limitations. Radiographics. 31(1):215-38, 2011
UyBico SJ et al: Lung cancer staging essentials: the new TNM staging system and potential imaging pitfalls. Radiographics. 30(5):1163-81, 2010
Sharma A et al: Patterns of lymphadenopathy in thoracic malignancies. Radiographics. 24(2):419-34, 2004
Pieterman RM et al: Preoperative staging of non-small-cell lung cancer with positron-emission tomography. N Engl J Med. 343(4):254-61, 2000
Valk PE et al: Staging non-small cell lung cancer by whole-body positron emission tomographic imaging. Ann Thorac Surg. 60(6):1573-81; discussion 1581-2, 1995
Lymph nodes not included in tumor-node-metastasis (TNM)-7 nomenclature
Axillary, subpectoral, internal mammary, diaphragmatic, and abdominal
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
El-Sherief AH et al: International association for the study of lung cancer (IASLC) lymph node map: radiologic review with CT illustration. Radiographics. 34(6):1680-91, 2014
Koyama H et al: Magnetic resonance imaging for lung cancer. J Thorac Imaging. 28(3):138-50, 2013
Nair A et al: Revisions to the TNM staging of non-small cell lung cancer: rationale, clinicoradiologic implications, and persistent limitations. Radiographics. 31(1):215-38, 2011
UyBico SJ et al: Lung cancer staging essentials: the new TNM staging system and potential imaging pitfalls. Radiographics. 30(5):1163-81, 2010
Sharma A et al: Patterns of lymphadenopathy in thoracic malignancies. Radiographics. 24(2):419-34, 2004
Pieterman RM et al: Preoperative staging of non-small-cell lung cancer with positron-emission tomography. N Engl J Med. 343(4):254-61, 2000
Valk PE et al: Staging non-small cell lung cancer by whole-body positron emission tomographic imaging. Ann Thorac Surg. 60(6):1573-81; discussion 1581-2, 1995
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