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KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Cystic lymphangioma (CL)
Nonnuchal cystic hygroma
Axillary lymphangioma
Cutaneous lymphangioma
Definitions
Benign, nonnuchal, cystic tumors of lymphatic system
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Arisoy R et al: Prenatal diagnosis and outcome of lymphangiomas and its relationship with fetal chromosomal abnormalities. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 1-7, 2015
Koelblinger C et al: Fetal magnetic resonance imaging of lymphangiomas. J Perinat Med. 41(4):437-43, 2013
Surico D et al: Antenatal diagnosis of fetal lymphangioma by ultrasonography. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 168(2):236, 2013
Chiappinelli A et al: Congenital abdominal cystic lymphangiomas: what is the correct management? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 25(7):915-9, 2012
Wiegand S et al: Sclerotherapy of lymphangiomas of the head and neck. Head Neck. 33(11):1649-55, 2011
Cozzi DA et al: Fetal abdominal lymphangioma enhanced by ultrafast MRI. Fetal Diagn Ther. 27(1):46-50, 2010
Mikovic Z et al: Intrauterine treatment of large fetal neck lymphangioma with OK-432. Fetal Diagn Ther. 26(2):102-6, 2009
Pascoli I et al: EXIT (Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment) technique - Management of a giant fetal lymphangioma. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. Epub ahead of print, 2009
Hachisuga M et al: Prenatal diagnosis of a retroperitoneal lymphangioma: a case and review. Fetal Diagn Ther. 24(3):177-81, 2008
Langer JE et al: Extensive fetal abdominopelvic lymphangioma. Ultrasound Q. 24(2):115-9, 2008
Goldstein I et al: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal chest lymphangioma. J Ultrasound Med. 25(11):1437-40, 2006
York DG et al: Fetal abdomino-perineal lymphangioma: differential diagnosis and management. Prenat Diagn. 26(8):692-5, 2006
Chiaverini C et al: Prenatal ultrasonographic detection of an axillo-thoracic lymphangioma: an ethical dilemma. Prenat Diagn. 23(11):946-8, 2003
Ruano R et al: Prenatal diagnosis of a large axillary cystic lymphangioma by three-dimensional ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. J Ultrasound Med. 22(4):419-23, 2003
Ho M et al: Prenatal diagnosis of abdominal lymphangioma. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 20(2):205-6, 2002
Deshpande P et al: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal abdominal lymphangioma by ultrasonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 17(5):445-8, 2001
Zanotti SD et al: Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of axillary cystic lymphangiomas. J Clin Ultrasound. 29(2):112-5, 2001
McCoy MC et al: Prenatal diagnosis and management of massive bilateral axillary cystic lymphangioma. Obstet Gynecol. 85(5 Pt 2):853-6, 1995
Reichler A et al: Early prenatal diagnosis of axillary cystic hygroma. J Ultrasound Med. 14(8):581-4, 1995
Fonkalsrud EW: Congenital malformations of the lymphatic system. Semin Pediatr Surg. 3(2):62-9, 1994
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Cystic lymphangioma (CL)
Nonnuchal cystic hygroma
Axillary lymphangioma
Cutaneous lymphangioma
Definitions
Benign, nonnuchal, cystic tumors of lymphatic system
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Arisoy R et al: Prenatal diagnosis and outcome of lymphangiomas and its relationship with fetal chromosomal abnormalities. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 1-7, 2015
Koelblinger C et al: Fetal magnetic resonance imaging of lymphangiomas. J Perinat Med. 41(4):437-43, 2013
Surico D et al: Antenatal diagnosis of fetal lymphangioma by ultrasonography. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 168(2):236, 2013
Chiappinelli A et al: Congenital abdominal cystic lymphangiomas: what is the correct management? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 25(7):915-9, 2012
Wiegand S et al: Sclerotherapy of lymphangiomas of the head and neck. Head Neck. 33(11):1649-55, 2011
Cozzi DA et al: Fetal abdominal lymphangioma enhanced by ultrafast MRI. Fetal Diagn Ther. 27(1):46-50, 2010
Mikovic Z et al: Intrauterine treatment of large fetal neck lymphangioma with OK-432. Fetal Diagn Ther. 26(2):102-6, 2009
Pascoli I et al: EXIT (Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment) technique - Management of a giant fetal lymphangioma. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. Epub ahead of print, 2009
Hachisuga M et al: Prenatal diagnosis of a retroperitoneal lymphangioma: a case and review. Fetal Diagn Ther. 24(3):177-81, 2008
Langer JE et al: Extensive fetal abdominopelvic lymphangioma. Ultrasound Q. 24(2):115-9, 2008
Goldstein I et al: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal chest lymphangioma. J Ultrasound Med. 25(11):1437-40, 2006
York DG et al: Fetal abdomino-perineal lymphangioma: differential diagnosis and management. Prenat Diagn. 26(8):692-5, 2006
Chiaverini C et al: Prenatal ultrasonographic detection of an axillo-thoracic lymphangioma: an ethical dilemma. Prenat Diagn. 23(11):946-8, 2003
Ruano R et al: Prenatal diagnosis of a large axillary cystic lymphangioma by three-dimensional ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. J Ultrasound Med. 22(4):419-23, 2003
Ho M et al: Prenatal diagnosis of abdominal lymphangioma. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 20(2):205-6, 2002
Deshpande P et al: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal abdominal lymphangioma by ultrasonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 17(5):445-8, 2001
Zanotti SD et al: Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of axillary cystic lymphangiomas. J Clin Ultrasound. 29(2):112-5, 2001
McCoy MC et al: Prenatal diagnosis and management of massive bilateral axillary cystic lymphangioma. Obstet Gynecol. 85(5 Pt 2):853-6, 1995
Reichler A et al: Early prenatal diagnosis of axillary cystic hygroma. J Ultrasound Med. 14(8):581-4, 1995
Fonkalsrud EW: Congenital malformations of the lymphatic system. Semin Pediatr Surg. 3(2):62-9, 1994
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