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Pediatrics
Diagnosis
Pediatric Neuroradiology
Head and Neck
Orbit, Nose, and Sinuses
Macrophthalmia
Macrophthalmia
Bernadette L. Koch, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Definitions

            • Enlarged globe: AP or both AP and transverse dimension
              • AP dimension secondary to myopia, staphyloma, or coloboma
              • AP and transverse dimension = buphthalmos ("ox eye" or "cow eye")
                • Secondary to increased intraocular pressure (IOP) when sclera is still pliable, as in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) or glaucoma in children up to 4 years

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Imaging Recommendations

              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                PATHOLOGY

                • General Features

                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                  • Presentation

                    • Demographics

                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                        • Treatment

                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                          • Consider

                            Selected References

                            1. Vachha BA et al: Imaging of pediatric orbital diseases. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 25(3):477-501, 2015
                            2. Floyd MS et al: Unilateral congenital glaucoma in a child with optic nerve aplasia. J AAPOS. 15(2):200-2, 2011
                            3. Mafee MF et al: Anatomy and pathology of the eye: role of MR imaging and CT. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 15(1):23-47, 2005
                            4. Smith M et al: Imaging and differential diagnosis of the large eye. Radiographics. 14(4):721-8, 1994
                            5. Osborne DR et al: Computed tomographic analysis of deformity and dimensional changes in the eyeball. Radiology. 153(3):669-74, 1984
                            Related Anatomy
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                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                            References
                            Tables

                            Tables

                            KEY FACTS

                            • Terminology

                              • Imaging

                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                  • Pathology

                                    TERMINOLOGY

                                    • Definitions

                                      • Enlarged globe: AP or both AP and transverse dimension
                                        • AP dimension secondary to myopia, staphyloma, or coloboma
                                        • AP and transverse dimension = buphthalmos ("ox eye" or "cow eye")
                                          • Secondary to increased intraocular pressure (IOP) when sclera is still pliable, as in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) or glaucoma in children up to 4 years

                                    IMAGING

                                    • General Features

                                      • Imaging Recommendations

                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                          PATHOLOGY

                                          • General Features

                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                            • Presentation

                                              • Demographics

                                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                  • Treatment

                                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                    • Consider

                                                      Selected References

                                                      1. Vachha BA et al: Imaging of pediatric orbital diseases. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 25(3):477-501, 2015
                                                      2. Floyd MS et al: Unilateral congenital glaucoma in a child with optic nerve aplasia. J AAPOS. 15(2):200-2, 2011
                                                      3. Mafee MF et al: Anatomy and pathology of the eye: role of MR imaging and CT. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 15(1):23-47, 2005
                                                      4. Smith M et al: Imaging and differential diagnosis of the large eye. Radiographics. 14(4):721-8, 1994
                                                      5. Osborne DR et al: Computed tomographic analysis of deformity and dimensional changes in the eyeball. Radiology. 153(3):669-74, 1984