Chesebro AL et al: Male breast disease: what the radiologist needs to know. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. ePub, 2018
Expert Panel on Breast imaging:. et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® evaluation of the symptomatic male breast. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(11S):S313-S320, 2018
Fentiman IS: Surgical options for male breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 172(3):539-44, 2018
Gao Y et al: Male Breast cancer in the age of genetic testing: an opportunity for early detection, tailored therapy, and surveillance. Radiographics. 38(5):1289-1311, 2018
Giordano SH: Breast cancer in men. N Engl J Med. 378(24):2311-20, 2018
Gucalp A et al: Male breast cancer: a disease distinct from female breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. ePub, 2018
Hartley RL et al: Breast cancer in transgender patients: a systematic review. Part 1: male to female. Eur J Surg Oncol. 44(10):1455-62, 2018
Ibrahim M et al: Male BRCA mutation carriers: clinical characteristics and cancer spectrum. BMC Cancer. 18(1):179, 2018
Kanakis GA et al: Klinefelter syndrome: more than hypogonadism. Metabolism. 86:135-144, 2018
Lee EJ et al: Multimodality images of myofibroblastoma in the male breast: A case report and a review of the literature. Clin Imaging. 51:300-306, 2018
Leon-Ferre RA et al: A contemporary review of male breast cancer: current evidence and unanswered questions. Cancer Metastasis Rev. ePub, 2018
Mango VL et al: The unusual suspects: a review of unusual benign and malignant male breast imaging cases. Clin Imaging. 50:78-85, 2018
Manson QF et al: PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in male breast Cancer in comparison with female breast cancer. Target Oncol. ePub, 2018
Shin K et al: Male breast magnetic resonance imaging: when is it helpful? Our experience over the last decade. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. ePub, 2018
Stone JP et al: Breast cancer in transgender patients: a systematic review. Part 2: female to male. Eur J Surg Oncol. 44(10):1463-1468, 2018
Turashvili G et al: The 21-gene recurrence score in male breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 25(6):1530-1535, 2018
Ulaner GA et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT for systemic staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer in Men. J Nucl Med. ePub, 2018
Wan BA et al: Treatment outcomes in male breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of 161 patients. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 30(6):354-365, 2018
Weir J et al: Clinicopathologic features and radiation therapy utilization in patients with male breast cancer: a national cancer database study. Breast Cancer (Auckl). 12:1178223418770687, 2018
Abdelwahab Yousef AJ: Male breast cancer: epidemiology and risk factors. Semin Oncol. 44(4):267-272, 2017
Lee MV et al: BRCA-associated cancers: role of imaging in screening, diagnosis, and management. Radiographics. 37(4):1005-1023, 2017
Losurdo A et al: Controversies in clinicopathological characteristics and treatment strategies of male breast cancer: A review of the literature. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 113:283-291, 2017
McKinley N et al: Long term follow up of male breast cancer. Ulster Med J. 86(3):177-180, 2017
Ram D et al: Male breast cancer: a retrospective review of clinical profile from a tertiary cancer care center of India. South Asian J Cancer. 6(4):141-143, 2017
Senger JL et al: Invasive lobular carcinoma of the male breast - a systematic review with an illustrative case study. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press). 9:337-45, 2017
Vermeulen MA et al: Pathological characterisation of male breast cancer: results of the EORTC 10085/TBCRC/BIG/NABCG International Male Breast Cancer Program. Eur J Cancer. 82:219-27, 2017
Xu R et al: Male occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis as the first manifestation: a case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 96(51):e9312, 2017
Ferzoco RM et al: The epidemiology of male breast cancer. Curr Oncol Rep. 18(1):1, 2016
Lattin GE Jr et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: diseases of the male breast: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 33(2):461-89, 2013
Ruddy KJ et al: Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Ann Oncol. 24(6):1434-43, 2013
Doyle S et al: Imaging male breast cancer. Clin Radiol. 66(11):1079-85, 2011
Chen L et al: Imaging characteristics of malignant lesions of the male breast. Radiographics. 26(4):993-1006, 2006
Anderson WF et al: In situ male breast carcinoma in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database of the National Cancer Institute. Cancer. 104(8):1733-41, 2005
van Asperen CJ et al: Cancer risks in BRCA2 families: estimates for sites other than breast and ovary. J Med Genet. 42(9):711-9, 2005
Liede A et al: Cancer risks for male carriers of germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2: a review of the literature. J Clin Oncol. 22(4):735-42, 2004
Yang WT et al: Sonographic features of primary breast cancer in men. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 176(2):413-6, 2001
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Primary carcinoma of male breast
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Chesebro AL et al: Male breast disease: what the radiologist needs to know. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. ePub, 2018
Expert Panel on Breast imaging:. et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® evaluation of the symptomatic male breast. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(11S):S313-S320, 2018
Fentiman IS: Surgical options for male breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 172(3):539-44, 2018
Gao Y et al: Male Breast cancer in the age of genetic testing: an opportunity for early detection, tailored therapy, and surveillance. Radiographics. 38(5):1289-1311, 2018
Giordano SH: Breast cancer in men. N Engl J Med. 378(24):2311-20, 2018
Gucalp A et al: Male breast cancer: a disease distinct from female breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. ePub, 2018
Hartley RL et al: Breast cancer in transgender patients: a systematic review. Part 1: male to female. Eur J Surg Oncol. 44(10):1455-62, 2018
Ibrahim M et al: Male BRCA mutation carriers: clinical characteristics and cancer spectrum. BMC Cancer. 18(1):179, 2018
Kanakis GA et al: Klinefelter syndrome: more than hypogonadism. Metabolism. 86:135-144, 2018
Lee EJ et al: Multimodality images of myofibroblastoma in the male breast: A case report and a review of the literature. Clin Imaging. 51:300-306, 2018
Leon-Ferre RA et al: A contemporary review of male breast cancer: current evidence and unanswered questions. Cancer Metastasis Rev. ePub, 2018
Mango VL et al: The unusual suspects: a review of unusual benign and malignant male breast imaging cases. Clin Imaging. 50:78-85, 2018
Manson QF et al: PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in male breast Cancer in comparison with female breast cancer. Target Oncol. ePub, 2018
Shin K et al: Male breast magnetic resonance imaging: when is it helpful? Our experience over the last decade. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. ePub, 2018
Stone JP et al: Breast cancer in transgender patients: a systematic review. Part 2: female to male. Eur J Surg Oncol. 44(10):1463-1468, 2018
Turashvili G et al: The 21-gene recurrence score in male breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 25(6):1530-1535, 2018
Ulaner GA et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT for systemic staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer in Men. J Nucl Med. ePub, 2018
Wan BA et al: Treatment outcomes in male breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of 161 patients. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 30(6):354-365, 2018
Weir J et al: Clinicopathologic features and radiation therapy utilization in patients with male breast cancer: a national cancer database study. Breast Cancer (Auckl). 12:1178223418770687, 2018
Abdelwahab Yousef AJ: Male breast cancer: epidemiology and risk factors. Semin Oncol. 44(4):267-272, 2017
Lee MV et al: BRCA-associated cancers: role of imaging in screening, diagnosis, and management. Radiographics. 37(4):1005-1023, 2017
Losurdo A et al: Controversies in clinicopathological characteristics and treatment strategies of male breast cancer: A review of the literature. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 113:283-291, 2017
McKinley N et al: Long term follow up of male breast cancer. Ulster Med J. 86(3):177-180, 2017
Ram D et al: Male breast cancer: a retrospective review of clinical profile from a tertiary cancer care center of India. South Asian J Cancer. 6(4):141-143, 2017
Senger JL et al: Invasive lobular carcinoma of the male breast - a systematic review with an illustrative case study. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press). 9:337-45, 2017
Vermeulen MA et al: Pathological characterisation of male breast cancer: results of the EORTC 10085/TBCRC/BIG/NABCG International Male Breast Cancer Program. Eur J Cancer. 82:219-27, 2017
Xu R et al: Male occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis as the first manifestation: a case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 96(51):e9312, 2017
Ferzoco RM et al: The epidemiology of male breast cancer. Curr Oncol Rep. 18(1):1, 2016
Lattin GE Jr et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: diseases of the male breast: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 33(2):461-89, 2013
Ruddy KJ et al: Male breast cancer: risk factors, biology, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Ann Oncol. 24(6):1434-43, 2013
Doyle S et al: Imaging male breast cancer. Clin Radiol. 66(11):1079-85, 2011
Chen L et al: Imaging characteristics of malignant lesions of the male breast. Radiographics. 26(4):993-1006, 2006
Anderson WF et al: In situ male breast carcinoma in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database of the National Cancer Institute. Cancer. 104(8):1733-41, 2005
van Asperen CJ et al: Cancer risks in BRCA2 families: estimates for sites other than breast and ovary. J Med Genet. 42(9):711-9, 2005
Liede A et al: Cancer risks for male carriers of germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2: a review of the literature. J Clin Oncol. 22(4):735-42, 2004
Yang WT et al: Sonographic features of primary breast cancer in men. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 176(2):413-6, 2001
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