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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Malfixation
Definitions
- Malrotation: Varying degrees of abnormal positioning of small &/or large bowel due to abnormal rotation during development
- Small & large bowel rotate separately in utero
- Abnormalities of rotation may affect either or both
- Malfixation: Abnormal position or length of bowel fixation by mesentery, typically associated with malrotation
- Predisposes to midgut volvulus (MV)
- Malrotation: Varying degrees of abnormal positioning of small &/or large bowel due to abnormal rotation during development
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Abbas PI et al: Evaluating a management strategy for malrotation in heterotaxy patients. J Pediatr Surg. 51(5):859-62, 2016
- Carroll AG et al: Comparative effectiveness of imaging modalities for the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction in neonates and infants: a critically appraised topic. Acad Radiol. 23(5):559-68, 2016
- Drewett M et al: The burden of excluding malrotation in term neonates with bile stained vomiting. Pediatr Surg Int. 32(5):483-6, 2016
- Eccleston JL et al: Adult presentation of intestinal malrotation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. ePub, 2016
- Koch C et al: Redefining the projectional and clinical anatomy of the duodenojejunal flexure in children. Clin Anat. 29(2):175-82, 2016
- Kotobi H et al: Intestinal volvulus related to malrotation in adults. Int J Colorectal Dis. ePub, 2016
- Lesieur E et al: Prenatal diagnosis of complete nonrotation of fetal bowel with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Diagn Interv Imaging. 97(6):687-9, 2016
- Morris G et al: Small bowel congenital anomalies: a review and update. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 18(4):16, 2016
- Raitio A et al: Malrotation: age-related differences in reoperation rate. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 26(1):34-7, 2016
- Yoshimaru K et al: Clinical analysis of 70 bowel obstruction patients without a history of laparotomy. Pediatr Int. ePub, 2016
- Arlt A et al: Abdominal malrotation overlooked at extensive cross-sectional imaging and leading to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy. 47 Suppl 1:E639-40, 2015
- Chesley PM et al: Association of anorectal malformation and intestinal malrotation. Am J Surg. 209(5):907-11; discussion 912, 2015
- Gemmell A: Partial malrotation of the bowel in an adult patient presenting with abdominal pain. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015
- Graziano K et al: Asymptomatic malrotation: diagnosis and surgical management: an American Pediatric Surgical Association outcomes and evidence based practice committee systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 50(10):1783-90, 2015
- Jadhav RR et al: Adult intestinal malrotation presenting as recurrent vomiting: a case report. Indian J Surg. 77(Suppl 1):162-3, 2015
- Landisch R et al: Observation versus prophylactic Ladd procedure for asymptomatic intestinal rotational abnormalities in heterotaxy syndrome: A systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 50(11):1971-4, 2015
- Lodwick DL et al: Current surgical management of intestinal rotational abnormalities. Curr Opin Pediatr. 27(3):383-8, 2015
- Mishra S: Cardiac and non-cardiac abnormalities in heterotaxy syndrome. Indian J Pediatr. 82(12):1135-46, 2015
- Mitsunaga T et al: Risk factors for intestinal obstruction after Ladd procedure. Pediatr Rep. 7(2):5795, 2015
- Ooms N et al: Laparoscopic treatment of intestinal malrotation in children. Eur J Pediatr Surg. ePub, 2015
- Prasad GR et al: Malrotation of midgut in adults, an unsuspected and neglected condition-An analysis of 64 consensus confirmed cases. Indian J Gastroenterol. 34(6):426-30, 2015
- Rajesh S et al: Malrotation of small bowel-diagnostic computed tomography (CT) signs and intraoperative findings. Indian J Surg. 77(Suppl 2):600-2, 2015
- Shah MR et al: Volvulus of the entire small bowel with normal bowel fixation simulating malrotation and midgut volvulus. Pediatr Radiol. 45(13):1953-6, 2015
- Zhou LY et al: Usefulness of sonography in evaluating children suspected of malrotation: comparison with an upper gastrointestinal contrast Study. J Ultrasound Med. 34(10):1825-32, 2015
- Yang B et al: Adult midgut malrotation: multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) findings of 14 cases. Jpn J Radiol. 31(5):328-35, 2013
- Jamieson D et al: Malrotation and malfixation of the midgut: pediatric gastrointestinal imaging and intervention, 2e. Stringer and Babyn, B. C. Decker, Inc, Ontario. 311-332, 2000
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Malfixation
Definitions
- Malrotation: Varying degrees of abnormal positioning of small &/or large bowel due to abnormal rotation during development
- Small & large bowel rotate separately in utero
- Abnormalities of rotation may affect either or both
- Malfixation: Abnormal position or length of bowel fixation by mesentery, typically associated with malrotation
- Predisposes to midgut volvulus (MV)
- Malrotation: Varying degrees of abnormal positioning of small &/or large bowel due to abnormal rotation during development
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Abbas PI et al: Evaluating a management strategy for malrotation in heterotaxy patients. J Pediatr Surg. 51(5):859-62, 2016
- Carroll AG et al: Comparative effectiveness of imaging modalities for the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction in neonates and infants: a critically appraised topic. Acad Radiol. 23(5):559-68, 2016
- Drewett M et al: The burden of excluding malrotation in term neonates with bile stained vomiting. Pediatr Surg Int. 32(5):483-6, 2016
- Eccleston JL et al: Adult presentation of intestinal malrotation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. ePub, 2016
- Koch C et al: Redefining the projectional and clinical anatomy of the duodenojejunal flexure in children. Clin Anat. 29(2):175-82, 2016
- Kotobi H et al: Intestinal volvulus related to malrotation in adults. Int J Colorectal Dis. ePub, 2016
- Lesieur E et al: Prenatal diagnosis of complete nonrotation of fetal bowel with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Diagn Interv Imaging. 97(6):687-9, 2016
- Morris G et al: Small bowel congenital anomalies: a review and update. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 18(4):16, 2016
- Raitio A et al: Malrotation: age-related differences in reoperation rate. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 26(1):34-7, 2016
- Yoshimaru K et al: Clinical analysis of 70 bowel obstruction patients without a history of laparotomy. Pediatr Int. ePub, 2016
- Arlt A et al: Abdominal malrotation overlooked at extensive cross-sectional imaging and leading to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy. 47 Suppl 1:E639-40, 2015
- Chesley PM et al: Association of anorectal malformation and intestinal malrotation. Am J Surg. 209(5):907-11; discussion 912, 2015
- Gemmell A: Partial malrotation of the bowel in an adult patient presenting with abdominal pain. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, 2015
- Graziano K et al: Asymptomatic malrotation: diagnosis and surgical management: an American Pediatric Surgical Association outcomes and evidence based practice committee systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 50(10):1783-90, 2015
- Jadhav RR et al: Adult intestinal malrotation presenting as recurrent vomiting: a case report. Indian J Surg. 77(Suppl 1):162-3, 2015
- Landisch R et al: Observation versus prophylactic Ladd procedure for asymptomatic intestinal rotational abnormalities in heterotaxy syndrome: A systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 50(11):1971-4, 2015
- Lodwick DL et al: Current surgical management of intestinal rotational abnormalities. Curr Opin Pediatr. 27(3):383-8, 2015
- Mishra S: Cardiac and non-cardiac abnormalities in heterotaxy syndrome. Indian J Pediatr. 82(12):1135-46, 2015
- Mitsunaga T et al: Risk factors for intestinal obstruction after Ladd procedure. Pediatr Rep. 7(2):5795, 2015
- Ooms N et al: Laparoscopic treatment of intestinal malrotation in children. Eur J Pediatr Surg. ePub, 2015
- Prasad GR et al: Malrotation of midgut in adults, an unsuspected and neglected condition-An analysis of 64 consensus confirmed cases. Indian J Gastroenterol. 34(6):426-30, 2015
- Rajesh S et al: Malrotation of small bowel-diagnostic computed tomography (CT) signs and intraoperative findings. Indian J Surg. 77(Suppl 2):600-2, 2015
- Shah MR et al: Volvulus of the entire small bowel with normal bowel fixation simulating malrotation and midgut volvulus. Pediatr Radiol. 45(13):1953-6, 2015
- Zhou LY et al: Usefulness of sonography in evaluating children suspected of malrotation: comparison with an upper gastrointestinal contrast Study. J Ultrasound Med. 34(10):1825-32, 2015
- Yang B et al: Adult midgut malrotation: multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) findings of 14 cases. Jpn J Radiol. 31(5):328-35, 2013
- Jamieson D et al: Malrotation and malfixation of the midgut: pediatric gastrointestinal imaging and intervention, 2e. Stringer and Babyn, B. C. Decker, Inc, Ontario. 311-332, 2000
