Acute mediastinitis: Potentially life-threatening focal or diffuse mediastinal inflammation usually caused by infection
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Norton-Gregory AA et al: CT esophagography for evaluation of esophageal perforation. Radiographics. 41(2):447-61, 2021
Siciliano RF et al: Derivation and validation of an early diagnostic score for mediastinitis after cardiothoracic surgery. Int J Infect Dis. 90:201-5, 2020
Cunqueiro A et al: CT of the neck: image analysis and reporting in the emergency setting. Radiographics. 39(6):1760-81, 2019
Foldyna B et al: Computed tomography improves the differentiation of infectious mediastinitis from normal postoperative changes after sternotomy in cardiac surgery. Eur Radiol. 29(6):49-2957, 2019
Katabathina VS et al: Nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies in adults: a comprehensive review of imaging findings. Radiographics. 31(4):1141-60, 2011
Athanassiadi KA: Infections of the mediastinum. Thorac Surg Clin. 19(1):37-45, vi, 2009
Restrepo CS et al: Imaging appearances of the sternum and sternoclavicular joints. Radiographics. 29(3):839-59, 2009
Pinto A et al: Infections of the neck leading to descending necrotizing mediastinitis: Role of multi-detector row computed tomography. Eur J Radiol. 65(3):389-94, 2008
Exarhos DN et al: Acute mediastinitis: spectrum of computed tomography findings. Eur Radiol. 15(8):1569-74, 2005
Akman C et al: Imaging in mediastinitis: a systematic review based on aetiology. Clin Radiol. 59(7):573-85, 2004
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Acute descending necrotizing mediastinitis (ADNM)
Definitions
Acute mediastinitis: Potentially life-threatening focal or diffuse mediastinal inflammation usually caused by infection
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Norton-Gregory AA et al: CT esophagography for evaluation of esophageal perforation. Radiographics. 41(2):447-61, 2021
Siciliano RF et al: Derivation and validation of an early diagnostic score for mediastinitis after cardiothoracic surgery. Int J Infect Dis. 90:201-5, 2020
Cunqueiro A et al: CT of the neck: image analysis and reporting in the emergency setting. Radiographics. 39(6):1760-81, 2019
Foldyna B et al: Computed tomography improves the differentiation of infectious mediastinitis from normal postoperative changes after sternotomy in cardiac surgery. Eur Radiol. 29(6):49-2957, 2019
Katabathina VS et al: Nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies in adults: a comprehensive review of imaging findings. Radiographics. 31(4):1141-60, 2011
Athanassiadi KA: Infections of the mediastinum. Thorac Surg Clin. 19(1):37-45, vi, 2009
Restrepo CS et al: Imaging appearances of the sternum and sternoclavicular joints. Radiographics. 29(3):839-59, 2009
Pinto A et al: Infections of the neck leading to descending necrotizing mediastinitis: Role of multi-detector row computed tomography. Eur J Radiol. 65(3):389-94, 2008
Exarhos DN et al: Acute mediastinitis: spectrum of computed tomography findings. Eur Radiol. 15(8):1569-74, 2005
Akman C et al: Imaging in mediastinitis: a systematic review based on aetiology. Clin Radiol. 59(7):573-85, 2004
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