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Breast
Special Topics
Breast Manifestations of Systemic Conditions
Metastases to Breast
Metastases to Breast
Laurie Margolies, MD; Wendie A. Berg, MD, PhD, FACR, FSBI; Wei Tse Yang, MBBS
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Definitions

              • Metastatic tumor(s) to breast &/or axillary nodes from extramammary malignancies

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Mammographic Findings

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                        • Imaging Recommendations

                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                            PATHOLOGY

                            • General Features

                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                  • Microscopic Features

                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                    • Presentation

                                      • Demographics

                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                          • Treatment

                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                            • Consider

                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                Selected References

                                                1. Sun P et al: Characteristics of breast metastases from non-breast solid tumors in 22 patients from a southern Chinese population. Oncol Lett. 15(3):3685-3693, 2018
                                                2. Bitencourt AGV et al: Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies: multimodality imaging aspects. Br J Radiol. 90(1077):20170197, 2017
                                                3. Lee S et al: Metastatic carcinoid tumor to the breast: report of two cases and review of the literature. Clin Imaging. 42:88-92, 2017
                                                4. Longo R et al: Breast metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 11(1):355, 2017
                                                5. Wienbeck S et al: Radiological imaging characteristics of intramammary hematological malignancies: results from a german multicenter study. Sci Rep. 7(1):7435, 2017
                                                6. Wienbeck S et al: [Imaging diagnostics of breast metastases from extramammary tumors.] Radiologe. 57(6):459-465, 2017
                                                7. Sippo DA et al: Metastatic disease to the breast From extramammary malignancies: A multimodality pictorial review. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 45(3):225-32, 2016
                                                8. Mun SH et al: Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies: typical and atypical ultrasound features. Korean J Radiol. 15(1):20-8, 2014
                                                9. Glazebrook KN et al: Imaging features of carcinoid tumors metastatic to the breast. Cancer Imaging. 11:109-15, 2011
                                                10. Surov A et al: Metastases to the breast from non-mammary malignancies: primary tumors, prevalence, clinical signs, and radiological features. Acad Radiol. 18(5):565-74, 2011
                                                11. Wood B et al: Diagnosis of extramammary malignancy metastatic to the breast by fine needle biopsy. Pathology. 40(4):345-51, 2008
                                                12. Harvey JA: Unusual breast cancers: useful clues to expanding the differential diagnosis. Radiology. 242(3):683-94, 2007
                                                13. Vaughan A et al: Metastatic disease to the breast: the Washington University experience. World J Surg Oncol. 5:74, 2007
                                                14. Williams SA et al: Metastases to the breast from nonbreast solid neoplasms: presentation and determinants of survival. Cancer. 110(4):731-7, 2007
                                                15. Bernstein JL et al: Identification of mammaglobin as a novel serum marker for breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 11(18):6528-35, 2005
                                                16. Smymiotis V et al: Metastatic disease in the breast from nonmammary neoplasms. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 26(5):547-50, 2005
                                                17. Yeh CN et al: Clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of breast metastases from extramammary malignancies. Am Surg. 70(4):287-90, 2004
                                                18. Bartella L et al: Metastases to the breast revisited: radiological-histopathological correlation. Clin Radiol. 58(7):524-31, 2003
                                                19. Han JH et al: Mammaglobin expression in lymph nodes is an important marker of metastatic breast carcinoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 127(10):1330-4, 2003
                                                20. Vizcaíno I et al: Metastasis to the breast from extramammary malignancies: a report of four cases and a review of literature. Eur Radiol. 11(9):1659-65, 2001
                                                21. Lee SH et al: Metastatic tumors to the breast: mammographic and ultrasonographic findings. J Ultrasound Med. 19(4):257-62, 2000
                                                22. Yang WT et al: Nonmammary malignancies of the breast: ultrasound, CT, and MRI. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 21(5):375-94, 2000
                                                23. Yang WT et al: Sonography of nonmammary malignancies of the breast. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(2):343-8, 1999
                                                24. Holder WD Jr et al: Effectiveness of positron emission tomography for the detection of melanoma metastases. Ann Surg. 227(5):764-9; discussion 769-71, 1998
                                                25. Muttarak M et al: Metastatic carcinoma to the male and female breast. Australas Radiol. 42(1):16-9, 1998
                                                26. Rubio IT et al: Carcinoid tumor metastatic to the breast. Arch Surg. 133(10):1117-9, 1998
                                                27. Vergier B et al: Metastases to the breast: differential diagnosis from primary breast carcinoma. J Surg Oncol. 48(2):112-6, 1991
                                                28. Amichetti M et al: Metastases to the breast from extramammary malignancies. Oncology. 47(3):257-60, 1990
                                                29. McCrea ES et al: Metastases to the breast. AJR 141:685-90, 1983
                                                30. Nielsen M et al: Metastases to the breast from extramammary carcinomas. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [A]. 89(4):251-6, 1981
                                                31. Toombs BD et al: Metastatic disease to the breast: clinical, pathologic, and radiographic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 129(4):673-6, 1977
                                                Related Anatomy
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                                                Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                                References
                                                Tables

                                                Tables

                                                KEY FACTS

                                                • Terminology

                                                  • Imaging

                                                    • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                      • Pathology

                                                        • Clinical Issues

                                                          TERMINOLOGY

                                                          • Definitions

                                                            • Metastatic tumor(s) to breast &/or axillary nodes from extramammary malignancies

                                                          IMAGING

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • Mammographic Findings

                                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                                • CT Findings

                                                                  • MR Findings

                                                                    • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                      • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                          PATHOLOGY

                                                                          • General Features

                                                                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                                • Microscopic Features

                                                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                                  • Presentation

                                                                                    • Demographics

                                                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                        • Treatment

                                                                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                          • Consider

                                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                              Selected References

                                                                                              1. Sun P et al: Characteristics of breast metastases from non-breast solid tumors in 22 patients from a southern Chinese population. Oncol Lett. 15(3):3685-3693, 2018
                                                                                              2. Bitencourt AGV et al: Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies: multimodality imaging aspects. Br J Radiol. 90(1077):20170197, 2017
                                                                                              3. Lee S et al: Metastatic carcinoid tumor to the breast: report of two cases and review of the literature. Clin Imaging. 42:88-92, 2017
                                                                                              4. Longo R et al: Breast metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 11(1):355, 2017
                                                                                              5. Wienbeck S et al: Radiological imaging characteristics of intramammary hematological malignancies: results from a german multicenter study. Sci Rep. 7(1):7435, 2017
                                                                                              6. Wienbeck S et al: [Imaging diagnostics of breast metastases from extramammary tumors.] Radiologe. 57(6):459-465, 2017
                                                                                              7. Sippo DA et al: Metastatic disease to the breast From extramammary malignancies: A multimodality pictorial review. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 45(3):225-32, 2016
                                                                                              8. Mun SH et al: Breast metastases from extramammary malignancies: typical and atypical ultrasound features. Korean J Radiol. 15(1):20-8, 2014
                                                                                              9. Glazebrook KN et al: Imaging features of carcinoid tumors metastatic to the breast. Cancer Imaging. 11:109-15, 2011
                                                                                              10. Surov A et al: Metastases to the breast from non-mammary malignancies: primary tumors, prevalence, clinical signs, and radiological features. Acad Radiol. 18(5):565-74, 2011
                                                                                              11. Wood B et al: Diagnosis of extramammary malignancy metastatic to the breast by fine needle biopsy. Pathology. 40(4):345-51, 2008
                                                                                              12. Harvey JA: Unusual breast cancers: useful clues to expanding the differential diagnosis. Radiology. 242(3):683-94, 2007
                                                                                              13. Vaughan A et al: Metastatic disease to the breast: the Washington University experience. World J Surg Oncol. 5:74, 2007
                                                                                              14. Williams SA et al: Metastases to the breast from nonbreast solid neoplasms: presentation and determinants of survival. Cancer. 110(4):731-7, 2007
                                                                                              15. Bernstein JL et al: Identification of mammaglobin as a novel serum marker for breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 11(18):6528-35, 2005
                                                                                              16. Smymiotis V et al: Metastatic disease in the breast from nonmammary neoplasms. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 26(5):547-50, 2005
                                                                                              17. Yeh CN et al: Clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of breast metastases from extramammary malignancies. Am Surg. 70(4):287-90, 2004
                                                                                              18. Bartella L et al: Metastases to the breast revisited: radiological-histopathological correlation. Clin Radiol. 58(7):524-31, 2003
                                                                                              19. Han JH et al: Mammaglobin expression in lymph nodes is an important marker of metastatic breast carcinoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 127(10):1330-4, 2003
                                                                                              20. Vizcaíno I et al: Metastasis to the breast from extramammary malignancies: a report of four cases and a review of literature. Eur Radiol. 11(9):1659-65, 2001
                                                                                              21. Lee SH et al: Metastatic tumors to the breast: mammographic and ultrasonographic findings. J Ultrasound Med. 19(4):257-62, 2000
                                                                                              22. Yang WT et al: Nonmammary malignancies of the breast: ultrasound, CT, and MRI. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 21(5):375-94, 2000
                                                                                              23. Yang WT et al: Sonography of nonmammary malignancies of the breast. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(2):343-8, 1999
                                                                                              24. Holder WD Jr et al: Effectiveness of positron emission tomography for the detection of melanoma metastases. Ann Surg. 227(5):764-9; discussion 769-71, 1998
                                                                                              25. Muttarak M et al: Metastatic carcinoma to the male and female breast. Australas Radiol. 42(1):16-9, 1998
                                                                                              26. Rubio IT et al: Carcinoid tumor metastatic to the breast. Arch Surg. 133(10):1117-9, 1998
                                                                                              27. Vergier B et al: Metastases to the breast: differential diagnosis from primary breast carcinoma. J Surg Oncol. 48(2):112-6, 1991
                                                                                              28. Amichetti M et al: Metastases to the breast from extramammary malignancies. Oncology. 47(3):257-60, 1990
                                                                                              29. McCrea ES et al: Metastases to the breast. AJR 141:685-90, 1983
                                                                                              30. Nielsen M et al: Metastases to the breast from extramammary carcinomas. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [A]. 89(4):251-6, 1981
                                                                                              31. Toombs BD et al: Metastatic disease to the breast: clinical, pathologic, and radiographic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 129(4):673-6, 1977