Wang A et al: Lymph node metastatic patterns and its clinical significance for thoracic superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cardiothorac Surg. 15(1):262, 2020
Carter BW et al: Revisions to the TNM staging of lung cancer: rationale, significance, and clinical application. Radiographics. 38(2):374-91, 2018
Nin CS et al: Thoracic lymphadenopathy in benign diseases: a state of the art review. Respir Med. 112:10-7, 2016
Okada M et al: Integrated FDG-PET/CT compared with intravenous contrast-enhanced CT for evaluation of metastatic regional lymph nodes in patients with resectable early stage esophageal cancer. Ann Nucl Med. 23(1):73-80, 2009
Sharma A et al: Patterns of lymphadenopathy in thoracic malignancies. Radiographics. 24(2):419-34, 2004
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Wang A et al: Lymph node metastatic patterns and its clinical significance for thoracic superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cardiothorac Surg. 15(1):262, 2020
Carter BW et al: Revisions to the TNM staging of lung cancer: rationale, significance, and clinical application. Radiographics. 38(2):374-91, 2018
Nin CS et al: Thoracic lymphadenopathy in benign diseases: a state of the art review. Respir Med. 112:10-7, 2016
Okada M et al: Integrated FDG-PET/CT compared with intravenous contrast-enhanced CT for evaluation of metastatic regional lymph nodes in patients with resectable early stage esophageal cancer. Ann Nucl Med. 23(1):73-80, 2009
Sharma A et al: Patterns of lymphadenopathy in thoracic malignancies. Radiographics. 24(2):419-34, 2004
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