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Middle Ear Adenoma
Richard H. Wiggins, III, MD, CIIP, FSIIM, FAHSE, FACR; Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Abbreviations

            • Middle ear adenoma (MEA)
          • Synonyms

            • Adenomatous tumor of middle ear (ME)
            • ME carcinoid, neuroendocrine adenoma, adenomatoid tumor
            • Numerous acronyms: Mixed epithelial and neuroendocrine tumor (MENET), neuroendocrine adenoma of ME (NAME), ME adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (MEA-ND), ME adenomatous tumors (MEAT)
          • Definitions

            • Very rare, benign tumor arising from mucosal cells of ME having variable mixed epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation
              • Not choristoma or ceruminoma
                • Salivary choristoma = normal salivary tissue in abnormal location, not adenoma
                • Ceruminoma = benign glandular tumor (adenoma) arising from ceruminous glands
            • Indolent tumor of glandular origin

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        • Reporting Tips

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Asa SL et al: Middle ear "adenoma": a neuroendocrine tumor with predominant L cell differentiation. Endocr Pathol. ePub, 2021
                                          2. van der Lans RJL et al: Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the middle ear: unpredictable tumor behavior and tendency for recurrence. Head Neck. 43(6):1848-53, 2021
                                          3. Zwierz A et al: Preoperative diagnosis and treatment of middle ear adenoma: a case report and literature review. Ear Nose Throat J. 100(3_suppl):360S-3S, 2021
                                          4. Bruschini L et al: Middle ear neuroendocrine adenoma: a case report and literature review. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2020:8863188, 2020
                                          5. Fedorová K et al: Middle ear adenoma imitating late postoperative complication. Ear Nose Throat J. 145561320935846, 2020
                                          6. Shishido T et al: Middle ear adenoma with facial palsy: a case report and a review of the literature: middle ear adenoma with facial palsy. Auris Nasus Larynx. ePub, 2020
                                          7. Yadav SK et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: report of a rare case. Indian J Cancer. 57(1):98-101, 2020
                                          8. Sterrer E et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a pediatric case report. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 129(5-6):208-11, 2017
                                          9. Wang L et al: Middle ear adenoma with uncommon presentation and literature review. BMJ Case Rep. 2017
                                          10. Hu H et al: Neuroendocrine adenoma of middle ear with new bone formation and review of literature. Am J Otolaryngol. 37(2):108-11, 2016
                                          11. Agaimy A et al: 'Neuroendocrine' middle ear adenomas: consistent expression of the transcription factor ISL1 further supports their neuroendocrine derivation. Histopathology. 66(2):182-91, 2015
                                          12. Pelosi S et al: Adenomatous tumors of the middle ear. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 48(2):305-15, 2015
                                          13. Baku M et al: A rare case of middle ear adenoma. Nagoya J Med Sci. 76(3-4):355-60, 2014
                                          14. Isenring D et al: Middle ear adenoma: case report and discussion. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2014:342125, 2014
                                          15. Xu B et al: Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the head and neck: some suggestions for the new WHO classification of head and neck tumors. Head Neck Pathol. 8(1):24-32, 2014
                                          16. Duderstadt M et al: Adenomatous tumors of the middle ear and temporal bone: clinical, morphological and tumor biological characteristics of challenging neoplastic lesions. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 269(3):823-31, 2012
                                          17. Giuseppe M et al: Adenoma of the ceruminous gland (ceruminoma). Otol Neurotol. 32(2):e14-5, 2011
                                          18. Tomazic PV et al: Neuroendocrine adenoma of the middle ear (NAME) mimicking as chronic otitis media with an episode of facial nerve palsy. B-ENT. 7(2):121-5, 2011
                                          19. Bierry G et al: Middle ear adenomatous tumor: a not so rare glomus tympanicum-mimicking lesion. J Neuroradiol. 37(2):116-21, 2010
                                          20. Dogru S et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (MEA-ND) in the pediatric population. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 73(6):895-8, 2009
                                          21. Mori E et al: Middle ear adenoma diagnosed by recurrent facial paralysis. Auris Nasus Larynx. 36(1):75-8, 2009
                                          22. Zan E et al: Middle ear adenoma: a challenging diagnosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(8):1602-3, 2009
                                          23. Sahan M et al: Carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: report of a case. Am J Otolaryngol. 29(5):352-6, 2008
                                          24. Berns S et al: Middle ear adenoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 130(7):1067-9, 2006
                                          25. Thompson LD et al: Ceruminous adenomas: a clinicopathologic study of 41 cases with a review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol. 28(3):308-18, 2004
                                          26. Devaney KO et al: Epithelial tumors of the middle ear--are middle ear carcinoids really distinct from middle ear adenomas? Acta Otolaryngol. 123(6):678-82, 2003
                                          27. Torske KR et al: Adenoma versus carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: a study of 48 cases and review of the literature. Mod Pathol. 15(5):543-55, 2002
                                          28. Jones SE et al: Adenoma in the middle ear: a report of two cases. J Laryngol Otol. 115(3):216-9, 2001
                                          29. Ketabchi S et al: Middle ear adenoma is an amphicrine tumor: why call it adenoma? Ultrastruct Pathol. 25(1):73-8, 2001
                                          30. Maintz D et al: MRI and CT of adenomatous tumours of the middle ear. Neuroradiology. 43(1):58-61, 2001
                                          31. Gunduz M et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. Auris Nasus Larynx. 27(1):73-6, 2000
                                          32. Smith MM et al: Choristomas of the seventh and eighth cranial nerves. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 18(2):327-9, 1997
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Abbreviations

                                                    • Middle ear adenoma (MEA)
                                                  • Synonyms

                                                    • Adenomatous tumor of middle ear (ME)
                                                    • ME carcinoid, neuroendocrine adenoma, adenomatoid tumor
                                                    • Numerous acronyms: Mixed epithelial and neuroendocrine tumor (MENET), neuroendocrine adenoma of ME (NAME), ME adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (MEA-ND), ME adenomatous tumors (MEAT)
                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Very rare, benign tumor arising from mucosal cells of ME having variable mixed epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation
                                                      • Not choristoma or ceruminoma
                                                        • Salivary choristoma = normal salivary tissue in abnormal location, not adenoma
                                                        • Ceruminoma = benign glandular tumor (adenoma) arising from ceruminous glands
                                                    • Indolent tumor of glandular origin

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                          • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                  • Microscopic Features

                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                            • Consider

                                                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                • Reporting Tips

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Asa SL et al: Middle ear "adenoma": a neuroendocrine tumor with predominant L cell differentiation. Endocr Pathol. ePub, 2021
                                                                                  2. van der Lans RJL et al: Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the middle ear: unpredictable tumor behavior and tendency for recurrence. Head Neck. 43(6):1848-53, 2021
                                                                                  3. Zwierz A et al: Preoperative diagnosis and treatment of middle ear adenoma: a case report and literature review. Ear Nose Throat J. 100(3_suppl):360S-3S, 2021
                                                                                  4. Bruschini L et al: Middle ear neuroendocrine adenoma: a case report and literature review. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2020:8863188, 2020
                                                                                  5. Fedorová K et al: Middle ear adenoma imitating late postoperative complication. Ear Nose Throat J. 145561320935846, 2020
                                                                                  6. Shishido T et al: Middle ear adenoma with facial palsy: a case report and a review of the literature: middle ear adenoma with facial palsy. Auris Nasus Larynx. ePub, 2020
                                                                                  7. Yadav SK et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: report of a rare case. Indian J Cancer. 57(1):98-101, 2020
                                                                                  8. Sterrer E et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a pediatric case report. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 129(5-6):208-11, 2017
                                                                                  9. Wang L et al: Middle ear adenoma with uncommon presentation and literature review. BMJ Case Rep. 2017
                                                                                  10. Hu H et al: Neuroendocrine adenoma of middle ear with new bone formation and review of literature. Am J Otolaryngol. 37(2):108-11, 2016
                                                                                  11. Agaimy A et al: 'Neuroendocrine' middle ear adenomas: consistent expression of the transcription factor ISL1 further supports their neuroendocrine derivation. Histopathology. 66(2):182-91, 2015
                                                                                  12. Pelosi S et al: Adenomatous tumors of the middle ear. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 48(2):305-15, 2015
                                                                                  13. Baku M et al: A rare case of middle ear adenoma. Nagoya J Med Sci. 76(3-4):355-60, 2014
                                                                                  14. Isenring D et al: Middle ear adenoma: case report and discussion. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2014:342125, 2014
                                                                                  15. Xu B et al: Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the head and neck: some suggestions for the new WHO classification of head and neck tumors. Head Neck Pathol. 8(1):24-32, 2014
                                                                                  16. Duderstadt M et al: Adenomatous tumors of the middle ear and temporal bone: clinical, morphological and tumor biological characteristics of challenging neoplastic lesions. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 269(3):823-31, 2012
                                                                                  17. Giuseppe M et al: Adenoma of the ceruminous gland (ceruminoma). Otol Neurotol. 32(2):e14-5, 2011
                                                                                  18. Tomazic PV et al: Neuroendocrine adenoma of the middle ear (NAME) mimicking as chronic otitis media with an episode of facial nerve palsy. B-ENT. 7(2):121-5, 2011
                                                                                  19. Bierry G et al: Middle ear adenomatous tumor: a not so rare glomus tympanicum-mimicking lesion. J Neuroradiol. 37(2):116-21, 2010
                                                                                  20. Dogru S et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (MEA-ND) in the pediatric population. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 73(6):895-8, 2009
                                                                                  21. Mori E et al: Middle ear adenoma diagnosed by recurrent facial paralysis. Auris Nasus Larynx. 36(1):75-8, 2009
                                                                                  22. Zan E et al: Middle ear adenoma: a challenging diagnosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(8):1602-3, 2009
                                                                                  23. Sahan M et al: Carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: report of a case. Am J Otolaryngol. 29(5):352-6, 2008
                                                                                  24. Berns S et al: Middle ear adenoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 130(7):1067-9, 2006
                                                                                  25. Thompson LD et al: Ceruminous adenomas: a clinicopathologic study of 41 cases with a review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol. 28(3):308-18, 2004
                                                                                  26. Devaney KO et al: Epithelial tumors of the middle ear--are middle ear carcinoids really distinct from middle ear adenomas? Acta Otolaryngol. 123(6):678-82, 2003
                                                                                  27. Torske KR et al: Adenoma versus carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: a study of 48 cases and review of the literature. Mod Pathol. 15(5):543-55, 2002
                                                                                  28. Jones SE et al: Adenoma in the middle ear: a report of two cases. J Laryngol Otol. 115(3):216-9, 2001
                                                                                  29. Ketabchi S et al: Middle ear adenoma is an amphicrine tumor: why call it adenoma? Ultrastruct Pathol. 25(1):73-8, 2001
                                                                                  30. Maintz D et al: MRI and CT of adenomatous tumours of the middle ear. Neuroradiology. 43(1):58-61, 2001
                                                                                  31. Gunduz M et al: Middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. Auris Nasus Larynx. 27(1):73-6, 2000
                                                                                  32. Smith MM et al: Choristomas of the seventh and eighth cranial nerves. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 18(2):327-9, 1997