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Middle Lobe Syndrome
Santiago Martínez-Jiménez, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Abbreviations

              • Middle lobe syndrome (MLS)
              • Right middle lobe (RML)
            • Synonyms

              • Right MLS
            • Definitions

              • Chronic or recurrent nonobstructive middle lobe atelectasis or consolidation
                • Identified on serial imaging
                • RML prone to atelectasis and airspace disease
                  • Longer, narrower bronchus
                  • Acute take-off from bronchus intermedius
                  • RML bronchus surrounded by lymph nodes; convergence of upper and lower lobe lymphatics
                  • Minor fissure prevents collateral ventilation

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Radiographic Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Diagnosis

                                • Treatment

                                  Selected References

                                  1. Rashid A et al: Infectious causes of right middle lobe syndrome. Cancer Control. 24(1):60-5, 2017
                                  2. Romagnoli V et al: Middle lobe syndrome in children today. Paediatr Respir Rev. 15(2):188-93, 2014
                                  3. Gudbjartsson T et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a review of clinicopathological features, diagnosis and treatment. Respiration. 84(1):80-6, 2012
                                  4. Gudmundsson G et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 53(8):2547-50, 1996
                                  5. Kwon KY et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a clinicopathological study of 21 patients. Hum Pathol. 26(3):302-7, 1995
                                  6. Wagner RB et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 35(6):679-86, 1983
                                  Related Anatomy
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                                  Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                  References
                                  Tables

                                  Tables

                                  KEY FACTS

                                  • Terminology

                                    • Imaging

                                      • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                        • Pathology

                                          • Clinical Issues

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Abbreviations

                                              • Middle lobe syndrome (MLS)
                                              • Right middle lobe (RML)
                                            • Synonyms

                                              • Right MLS
                                            • Definitions

                                              • Chronic or recurrent nonobstructive middle lobe atelectasis or consolidation
                                                • Identified on serial imaging
                                                • RML prone to atelectasis and airspace disease
                                                  • Longer, narrower bronchus
                                                  • Acute take-off from bronchus intermedius
                                                  • RML bronchus surrounded by lymph nodes; convergence of upper and lower lobe lymphatics
                                                  • Minor fissure prevents collateral ventilation

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • Radiographic Findings

                                                • CT Findings

                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                          • Presentation

                                                            • Demographics

                                                              • Diagnosis

                                                                • Treatment

                                                                  Selected References

                                                                  1. Rashid A et al: Infectious causes of right middle lobe syndrome. Cancer Control. 24(1):60-5, 2017
                                                                  2. Romagnoli V et al: Middle lobe syndrome in children today. Paediatr Respir Rev. 15(2):188-93, 2014
                                                                  3. Gudbjartsson T et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a review of clinicopathological features, diagnosis and treatment. Respiration. 84(1):80-6, 2012
                                                                  4. Gudmundsson G et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 53(8):2547-50, 1996
                                                                  5. Kwon KY et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a clinicopathological study of 21 patients. Hum Pathol. 26(3):302-7, 1995
                                                                  6. Wagner RB et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 35(6):679-86, 1983