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Airway Narrowing and Wall Thickening
Middle Lobe Syndrome
Middle Lobe Syndrome
Santiago Martínez-Jiménez, MD
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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Middle lobe syndrome (MLS)
Right middle lobe (RML)
Synonyms
Right MLS
Definitions
Chronic or recurrent nonobstructive middle lobe atelectasis or consolidation
Identified on serial imaging
RML prone to atelectasis and airspace disease
Longer, narrower bronchus
Acute take-off from bronchus intermedius
RML bronchus surrounded by lymph nodes; convergence of upper and lower lobe lymphatics
Minor fissure prevents collateral ventilation
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Diagnosis
Treatment
Selected References
Rashid A et al: Infectious causes of right middle lobe syndrome. Cancer Control. 24(1):60-5, 2017
Romagnoli V et al: Middle lobe syndrome in children today. Paediatr Respir Rev. 15(2):188-93, 2014
Gudbjartsson T et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a review of clinicopathological features, diagnosis and treatment. Respiration. 84(1):80-6, 2012
Gudmundsson G et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 53(8):2547-50, 1996
Kwon KY et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a clinicopathological study of 21 patients. Hum Pathol. 26(3):302-7, 1995
Wagner RB et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 35(6):679-86, 1983
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Middle lobe syndrome (MLS)
Right middle lobe (RML)
Synonyms
Right MLS
Definitions
Chronic or recurrent nonobstructive middle lobe atelectasis or consolidation
Identified on serial imaging
RML prone to atelectasis and airspace disease
Longer, narrower bronchus
Acute take-off from bronchus intermedius
RML bronchus surrounded by lymph nodes; convergence of upper and lower lobe lymphatics
Minor fissure prevents collateral ventilation
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Diagnosis
Treatment
Selected References
Rashid A et al: Infectious causes of right middle lobe syndrome. Cancer Control. 24(1):60-5, 2017
Romagnoli V et al: Middle lobe syndrome in children today. Paediatr Respir Rev. 15(2):188-93, 2014
Gudbjartsson T et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a review of clinicopathological features, diagnosis and treatment. Respiration. 84(1):80-6, 2012
Gudmundsson G et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 53(8):2547-50, 1996
Kwon KY et al: Middle lobe syndrome: a clinicopathological study of 21 patients. Hum Pathol. 26(3):302-7, 1995
Wagner RB et al: Middle lobe syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 35(6):679-86, 1983
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