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Miscellaneous Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors
Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Abbreviations

                • Malignant mesenchymal tumors (MMTs)
              • Synonyms

                • Malignant nonmeningothelial tumors
              • Definitions

                • Nonmeningotheliomatous MMTs
                  • Histologically correspond to extracranial tumors of soft tissue or bone
                  • Most are sarcomas
                    • Angiosarcoma (ANGIO), chondrosarcoma (CHON), fibrosarcoma (FIBRO)
                    • Osteosarcoma (OSTEO), rhabdomyosarcoma (RHAB)
                    • Meningeal sarcoma (MENSARC), Ewing sarcoma (EWING), etc.
                    • Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma/malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Angiographic Findings

                        • Imaging Recommendations

                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                            PATHOLOGY

                            • General Features

                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                  • Microscopic Features

                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                    • Presentation

                                      • Demographics

                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                          • Treatment

                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Flaman AN et al: Soft tissue special issue: chondroid neoplasms of the skull. Head Neck Pathol. 14(1):83-96, 2020
                                              2. Luo Z et al: CT and MRI features of calvarium and skull base osteosarcoma (CSBO). Br J Radiol. 93(1105):20190653, 2020
                                              3. Luo Z et al: Head and neck osteosarcoma: CT and MR imaging features. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 49(2):20190202, 2020
                                              4. Pons Escoda A et al: Imaging of skull vault tumors in adults. Insights Imaging. 11(1):23, 2020
                                              5. Li L et al: Radiomic analysis of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for differentiating skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma. Eur J Radiol. 118:81-7, 2019
                                              6. Tallegas M et al: IDH mutation status in a series of 88 head and neck chondrosarcomas: different profile between tumors of the skull base and tumors involving the facial skeleton and the laryngotracheal tract. Hum Pathol. 84:183-91, 2019
                                              7. Guo Z et al: Osteosarcoma of the skull base: an analysis of 19 cases and literature review. J Clin Neurosci. 44:133-42, 2017
                                              8. Kitamura Y et al: Genetic aberrations and molecular biology of skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma. Brain Tumor Pathol. 34(2):78-90, 2017
                                              9. Nair P et al: Calvarial Ewing's sarcoma, a rare childhood tumor: report and a review of literature. Neurol India. 65(4):904-6, 2017
                                              Related Anatomy
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                                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                              References
                                              Tables

                                              Tables

                                              KEY FACTS

                                              • Terminology

                                                • Imaging

                                                  • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                    • Pathology

                                                      • Clinical Issues

                                                        • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                          TERMINOLOGY

                                                          • Abbreviations

                                                            • Malignant mesenchymal tumors (MMTs)
                                                          • Synonyms

                                                            • Malignant nonmeningothelial tumors
                                                          • Definitions

                                                            • Nonmeningotheliomatous MMTs
                                                              • Histologically correspond to extracranial tumors of soft tissue or bone
                                                              • Most are sarcomas
                                                                • Angiosarcoma (ANGIO), chondrosarcoma (CHON), fibrosarcoma (FIBRO)
                                                                • Osteosarcoma (OSTEO), rhabdomyosarcoma (RHAB)
                                                                • Meningeal sarcoma (MENSARC), Ewing sarcoma (EWING), etc.
                                                                • Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma/malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)

                                                          IMAGING

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • Radiographic Findings

                                                              • CT Findings

                                                                • MR Findings

                                                                  • Angiographic Findings

                                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                                        • General Features

                                                                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                              • Microscopic Features

                                                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                                • Presentation

                                                                                  • Demographics

                                                                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                      • Treatment

                                                                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                          Selected References

                                                                                          1. Flaman AN et al: Soft tissue special issue: chondroid neoplasms of the skull. Head Neck Pathol. 14(1):83-96, 2020
                                                                                          2. Luo Z et al: CT and MRI features of calvarium and skull base osteosarcoma (CSBO). Br J Radiol. 93(1105):20190653, 2020
                                                                                          3. Luo Z et al: Head and neck osteosarcoma: CT and MR imaging features. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 49(2):20190202, 2020
                                                                                          4. Pons Escoda A et al: Imaging of skull vault tumors in adults. Insights Imaging. 11(1):23, 2020
                                                                                          5. Li L et al: Radiomic analysis of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for differentiating skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma. Eur J Radiol. 118:81-7, 2019
                                                                                          6. Tallegas M et al: IDH mutation status in a series of 88 head and neck chondrosarcomas: different profile between tumors of the skull base and tumors involving the facial skeleton and the laryngotracheal tract. Hum Pathol. 84:183-91, 2019
                                                                                          7. Guo Z et al: Osteosarcoma of the skull base: an analysis of 19 cases and literature review. J Clin Neurosci. 44:133-42, 2017
                                                                                          8. Kitamura Y et al: Genetic aberrations and molecular biology of skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma. Brain Tumor Pathol. 34(2):78-90, 2017
                                                                                          9. Nair P et al: Calvarial Ewing's sarcoma, a rare childhood tumor: report and a review of literature. Neurol India. 65(4):904-6, 2017